IAFS 1000

British Expansioninto South Asia

Announcements• Map/plagiarism quiz retake Wednesday

audio test

Outline

• South Asia today

• Foundations of the East India Company

– Role of force

– Taxation

– Indirect Rule

• Macaulay’s Minute on Indian Education

Hindu-Muslim Tension

http://www.hindurashtra.org/sabarmati-fire.jpg

Political Turmoil in Pakistan

General

Musharraf

http://micropakistan.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2007/02/musharraf.jpg

English in India

http://www.flickr.com/photos/94801434@N00/3232068512/in/set-72157610100197939;http://www.csmonitor.com/2008/0204/csmimg/OCABLE_P1.jpg

British Expansion into South Asia

• Techniques

www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd/india_shepherd_1923.jpg

India in theEighteenthCentury

East India Company (EIC) Foundations

• Focus on economic integration

--e.g. with Mughal empire

• Private company

--not state institution

• Use of force avoided

--preference for collaboration

18th Century Changes

• EIC territorial conquests

—1757: Plassey

(in Bengal)

—1803: Delhi

• EIC taxation

• Shift in social hierarchies

• Indirect rule (e.g. princely states)http://history.howstuffworks.com/asian-history/history-of-india.htm/printable

www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/ward_1912/india_british_expansion_1805.jpg

Macaulay’s Minute on Indian Education (1835)

“I have never found one among them [Orientalists] who could deny that a single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature of India & Arabia.”

Macaulay’s Minute (cont.)

“We must . . . form a class who may be interpreters between us and the millions whom we govern; a class of persons, Indian in blood and colour, but English in taste, in opinions, in morals, and in intellect.”

Themes

• Preference not to use force (although the threat of violence always lurked in the background)

• Reliance on collaboration