IAEAInternational Atomic Energy Agency

USNRC IRRS TRAININGLecture 2

IAEA Safety Standards as the Basis for the IRRS Process (Part 1)

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Photo: V. Friedrich

Outline

• Learning Objectives

• Development and Structure of the IAEA Safety Standards

• Safety Fundamentals

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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Learning objectives

After finishing this lecture the trainee will:

• be aware of the structure of the IAEA safety Standards

• have an insight into the principled set by the Safety Fundamentals

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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DEVELOPMENT & STRUCTURE- History- Hierarchy and Structure

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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History – IAEA statute

Under Article III.A.6 of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized:

“To establish or adopt, in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned, standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property.”

In 1958, the IAEA published its first Safety Standard, Safety Series No. 1,

Safe Handling of Radioisotopes.

Over the years, some 200 publications were issued in the Safety Series.

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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History – Safety Series (1)

1958 1961 1962

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

All kinds of documents related to safety, no structure

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History – Safety Series (2)

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

All kinds of documents related to safety: fundamentals (silver),standards (red), guides (green), reports (brown/purple), practices (blue)

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History – Safety Series (3)

2006

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

Three safety fundamentals merged into SF-1

Safety= protection of people and the

environment against radiation risks, and the safety of facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks

= safety of nuclear installations + radiation safety + safety of radioactive waste management + safety in the transport of radioactive material(reflected in the numbering system)

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Endorsementby Commission on Safety Standards

MemberStates

Establishment by the IAEA’s

Director General or BoG Publication

Outline and work planprepared by the Secretariat

Review by the committees and Commission on Safety Standards

Drafting or revising of safety standard

by the Secretariat and consultants

Reviewby the safety

standards committee(s)

Development

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Development step-by-step

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Hierarchy

Safety Fundamentals

Safety Requirements

Safety Guides

Safety reports, TECDOCs …

Principles for protecting people and environment Requirements

to be applied to meet the principles (shall)

Recommended ways of meeting the requirements (should)

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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Under developmentUSNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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Fundamental Safety Principles (1)

Fundamental safety objective:

To protect people and the environment from harmful effects of

radiation

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

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Fundamental Safety Principles (2)

Principle 1: Responsibility for safetyThe prime responsibility for safety must rest with the person or organization responsible for facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks.

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

Principle 2: Role of government

An effective legal and governmental frame-work for safety, including an independent regulatory body, must be established and sustained.

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Fundamental Safety Principles (3)

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

Principle 3: Leadership and management for safety

Effective leadership and management for safety must be established and sustained in organizations concerned with, and facilities and activities that give rise to, radiation risks.

Principle 4: Justification of facilities and activities

Facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks must yield an overall benefit.

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Fundamental Safety Principles (4)

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

Principle 5: Optimization of protection

Protection must be optimized to provide the highest level of safety that can reasonably be achieved

Principle 6: Limitation of risks to individuals

Measures for controlling radiation risks must ensure that no individual bears an unacceptable risk of harm

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Fundamental Safety Principles (5)

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

Principle 7: Protection of present and future generations

People and the environment, present and future, must be protected against radiation risks

Principle 8: Prevention of accidents

All practical efforts must be made to prevent and mitigate nuclear or radiation accidents

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Fundamental Safety Principles (6)

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

Principle 9: Emergency preparedness and response

Arrangements must be made for emergency preparedness and response for nuclear or radiation incidents

Principle 10: Protective actions to reduce existing or unregulated radiation risks

Protective actions to reduce existing or unregulated radiation risks must be justified and optimized

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Photo: V. Friedrich

USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)

This activity is conducted by the IAEA, with funding by the European Union. The views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission