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IAEA activities in support of nuclear
physics research and applications
Danas Ridikas
Physics Section
Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences
Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications [email protected]
Outline
• IAEA in a few words
• Instruments and modalities to
serve the Member States
• Selected examples
• Future plans
After 60+ years…
171 Member States (as of Feb. 2019)
2500+staff
from
over 100 countries
• HQs in Vienna
• Laboratories in Seibersdorf
and Monaco + Vienna
• Regional offices in Toronto
and Tokyo.
• Liaison offices in New York
and Geneva
The IAEA: Atoms for Peace and Development
Statute: The Agency shall seek to accelerate and
enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace,
health and prosperity throughout the world.
Mission: To assist its Member States, in the
context of social and economic goals, in planning
for and using nuclear science and technology
for various peaceful purposes.
2005 : Nobel Peace Prize
Three Pillars - Main Areas of Activity
Safeguards
&
Verification
Safety
&
Security
Science
&
Technology
Food & Agriculture Human Health Science & Industry
Promoting food security and
sustainable agricultural
development
Improving the diagnosis and
treatment of diseases and
nutrition
Providing knowledge &
expertise for science &
industry
Making more, and cleaner
water available to more
people
Understanding and protecting
the environment
Water Resources Environment
Science and Technology
12 dedicated laboratories
Food & Agriculture
Human Health
Nuclear Science
Environment
Seibersdorf
8 Labs
Sterile Insect Technique
Plant Breeding
Vienna
1 Lab
Water Resources
Isotope Hydrology
Radioecology
Monaco
3 Labs
EnvironmentThe only marine environment
laboratories in the UN system
Serving Member States
Applied R&D
RB PROGRAMME
• NA laboratories (12)
• Collaborating Centres (>30)
• Coordinated Research Projects (~100)
Valid
ati
on
Technology Transfer
TC PROGRAMME
• >140 developing Member States
• ~ €100 million support
Provision of Services
• Dosimetry
• Diagnostic kits
• Peer reviews
• Reference materials
• Proficiency tests
• …
Education & Training
• Guidelines; curriculum
• E-learning materials
• >400 trainees per year at NA labs
The IAEA's mission is guided by the interests and needs of its Member States
- Consultancy Meetings: 5-10 experts are invited by the IAEA to provide specialized advice and
recommendations on particular scientific or other aspects of relevance for the IAEA's programmes and
activities.
- Technical Meetings/Workshops: technical events with 30-40 participants, aiming at enhancing interaction
among experts, share knowledge and expertise, establish scientific collaborations and create topical
networks
- CRPs - Coordinated Research Projects: Networks of 10-15 research institutes from developed and
developing countries that work in coordination for 3-5 years to acquire and disseminate new
knowledge/technology. Periodic meetings are organized to report progress and plan future activities.
- Training Workshops, Courses and dedicated Schools: Enabling participants to acquire specific knowledge –
theoretical or practical or both – on a given subject of interest. Organized at IAEA laboratories, ICTP Trieste,
or at labs in various member states
- Publications of technical documents and guides: CRPs and Technical Meetings often lead to publication of
reported results, shared good practices and lessons learned, often in the form of guidelines
- National, regional, interregional TC projects: building capacity through Expert Missions, Training of
personnel, purchase of equipment, assistance in establishing new facilities, …
Main available instruments and modalities
Technical Cooperation (TC) Programme
• Aims to support sustainable socioeconomic development in Member States and regions
• Facilitates capacity building, knowledge transfer, for peaceful uses of nuclear technology
• Mechanism for delivering IAEA assistance directly to Member States, individually or regionally
Technical Cooperation (TC) Projects
Expert assistance
Training fellowships &
scientific visits
Conferences, symposia & seminars
Equipment & materials
Training courses & workshops
Where does IAEA TC Work? (2018)
LATIN AMERICA and CARIBBEAN
EUROPEASIA and PACIFIC
AFRICA
Countries/territories receiving support: 146
Expert and lecturer assignments: 3640
Fellowships and scientific visits: 1816
Regional and interregional training courses:
3282 participants attending 196 events
Active Projects: 1016
TC Projects by Programme Area, 2018
In 2018, ~ € 78 million TC Fund, ~ € 17 million Extrabudgetary Contributions, plus Member State funding (varying %)
Energy7.8%
Food and agriculture
20.3%
Health and nutrition27.7%
Industrial applications/
radiation technology
5.6%
Nuclear knowledge
development and management
11.6%
Safety and security20.9%
Water and the environment
6.2%
Fusion(incl. coop. with ITER)
Research Reactors
(Applications)
Accelerators Instrumentation
Physics Section: main technical areas
Physics Section: a few numbers
• Staff: 21 positions, 11@HQs & 10@Seibersdorf; plus consultants, interns, fellows; ~25-30 in total
• Budget: ~4M Euros RB under 3 sub-programmes; plus similar amount implemented under TC
• TC projects: >50 active in >50 Member States
• Meetings/Workshops/Schools: >40/year
• Coordinated Research Projects: 11 active/new
• Data bases/portals (3): accelerators, RRs, fusion
• Major Conferences (3): Accelerators, RRs, Fusion
• Collaborating Centers (3): ANSTO, TU Delft, CNEA
• Cooperation agreements (3): ITER, ELETTRA, RBI
• Events in cooperation: >8/year
Accelerator Knowledge Portal ➢ 3135 visitors/users in 2018
➢ Total: ~1700 accelerator-based facilities
➢ New entries: 1270 medical cyclotrons & 91 AMS
➢ Planned to add proton/hadron therapy facilities
➢ Includes case studies with Ion and Neutron Beam techniques
E.g. managing data bases and thematic portals1) Accelerators: https://nucleus.iaea.org/sites/accelerators/
2) Research reactors: https://nucleus.iaea.org/RRDB/
3) Fusion: https://nucleus.iaea.org/sites/fusionportal/
E.g.: development of e-learning tools
Available at:
elearning.iaea.org
E.g. IAEA – NuPECC Task Force Consultancy Meeting
Feb. 26, 2019 @ IAEA Head Quarters
Agreed on main areas of cooperation:• Exchange of information• Joint targeted activities• Capacity building• Outreach
→ Since this week the IAEA has become a permanent observer of NuPECC!
E.g. Organization of Technical Meetings/Workshops
Promising applications
• Radioisotopes from beam-dumps (RI harvesting)
• Next generation semiconductors (doping)
• Magnetic behavior in materials using hyperfine RIB-
based techniques
• …
→ Prepare an IAEA TECDOC on RIB applications
Recent past:
Applications of Radioactive Ion Beams
10 – 14 Dec. 2018, IAEA, Vienna
28 participants, almost all RIB facilities represented
New:
Non-destructive Testing Using Muon Radiography:
Present Status and Emerging Applications
9-12 September 2019; IAEA, Vienna
Courtesy to: Andrea Giammanco
E.g.: Support of events in cooperation
• IAEA-ELETTRA joint XRF beamlineo Dedicated beam-time for users; >20 research groups from >18 MSs
o Recent improvements of the beam line and end-station
o UHVC ‘Mirror Facility’ for training commissioned at NSIL Seibersdorf
o TR workshop at Jordan, with remote connection to ELETTRA in 2018
• IAEA-RBI agreement o New He ion source for dual-beam capability commissioned (fusion research)
o TR workshop, with hands-on-training using various ion beam techniques
o 20 days of the beam time available for the developing countries
E.g. Facilitated access to state of the art accelerator facilities
Goals:
• Established host facilities per region: 2-3
• Experiments/new user groups per year: ~20
• Self-reliance of the network: in 4 years
➢ Materials Science: thin films analysis, materials modification,
implantation
➢ Environmental monitoring: airborne particulate matter, water
➢ Biology: Elemental distribution/ speciation on plant organ , complex
molecules mass spectrometry – fats, sugars etc (MeV SIMS),
radiation effects on cells, plant irradiation?
➢ Cultural Heritage –elemental analysis of paints, archaeological
samples
➢ Semiconductor/solar cell testing – efficiency and radiation hardness
➢ Chemical effects – WDS PIXE
• PIXE/PIGE
• μ-PIXE
• RBS,
Channelling
• NRA
• (ToF)-ERDA,
• MeV SIMS,
• ….
• AMS
E.g. New CRP on
Facilitating Experiments with Ion Beam Accelerators
E.g. Direct support to accelerator laboratories through TC projects
• Feasibility studies
• Technical support in setting up dedicated facilities,
beamlines and end stations
• Technical assistance in maintenance and upgrades
• Technical assistance in equipment procurement
• Training of personnel
• Utilization plans
• Algeria
• Bangladesh
• Croatia
• Ghana
• Lebanon
• Mexico
• Nigeria
• Slovakia
• South Africa
• Syria
• Thailand
• Uzbekistan
Accelerator
facility in Lebanon
Accelerator
facility in Bangladesh
E.g. Specific support to Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Science and Applications
in the Middle East - SESAME (Inaugurated in May 16, 2017 in Jordan)
The IAEA has provided extensive support to train staff at
SESAME to safely commission and run the facility:
• Training of 66 technical and scientific fellows in beamline
technologies,
• Arranged over 30 expert missions to SESAME to help build
capacity in the installation and testing of equipment.
• Facilitated the networking of SESAME staff with experts
from other synchrotron facilities in Europe, the USA and
Japan.
• Procurement of safety/radioprotection equipment [email protected] 26
E.g. Support to Jamaica Research Reactor
20 kW SLOWPOKE-2 RR in operation for 30 years with main usage for education, training, and neutron activation analysis
• IAEA assisted in– Core conversion from HEU to LEU – Safety analysis review– Environmental assessment– Safeguards activities– Other specific reviews and training services
• Doubling of utilization capacity and plans to extend application areas to food safety and security, water and air quality, offering dosimetry services, some regional initiatives
• Follow up support provided – Replacement of the analogue I&C system with a digital I&C – Review of strategic plan– Participation in NAA proficiency testing– Development of training materials
E.g. Support to Fukushima Prefecture (Japan)
Developed/adapted hardware/software Developed/adapted methodology
Field measurements ongoing with different dose levels
E.g. Worldwide Open Proficiency Tests for Nuclear
and Related Analytical Techniques LaboratoriesOrganized twice a year in support IAEA Member States laboratories to:• identify analytical problems• improve the quality of their analytical results• acquire / maintain their accreditation • provide a regular forum for discussion and technology transfer in this area• In 2018: >100 analytical laboratories participated, representing >60 countries
Scheme of the proficiency test:• Provision of various samples at no cost• Full anonymity of laboratories is granted• Issue of final reports
More info: http://www.pt-nsil.com/
Nuclear Science and Instrumentation Laboratory
NSIL/Physics @Seibersdorf
Mission: Assisting Member States in introducing and extending the use of nuclear instrumentation and radiation measurement techniques, including related capacity building
Support toMember States in
Four Key Areas
Nuclear Instrumentation
Enhanced capabilities and applications of nuclear
instrumentation for various measurements, monitoring
and diagnostic purposes
Nuclear SpectrometryEnhanced usage of versatile,
high precision, non-destructive, low cost analytical techniques for characterization
of materials and objects.
Access to accelerator facilitiesThrough bilateral agreements
and Coordinated Research Projects, targeting MSs without
such capabilities.
In situ portable techniques
Portable instruments with high level of analytical performance
for natural and man-made radioactivity determination.
Future developments at NSIL/Physics
NSIL/Physics aims to enhance the in-house capacity in available laboratory facilities and instrumentation by operating three complementary probes for irradiation and analysis purposes:
• X-rays, using existing equipment and recent upgrades (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence)
• Neutrons, by the establishment of a neutron science facility with D-D and D-T neutron generators (2019-2021)
• Ion-beams, through the planned establishment of a compact ion-beam accelerator facility (2022-)
• This will allow expanding IAEA’s support to Member States in:
• Capacity building through education and training,
• Facilitation of applied research, and
• Provision of specialized services both to internal and external users.
Neutron science facility is based on two neutron generators,
Each providing 1 x 108 n/s fluxes
• D+D reaction → 2.45 MeV neutron source (fission neutrons) With US-DOE support
• D+T reaction → 14 MeV neutron source (fusion neutrons) Donation by Australia
Example of DD-type generator, with compact shielding
Example of DT-type generator, with massive shielding
In progress: Neutron Science Facility at Seibersdorf
Shielding of the DT generator Layer 1 : Borated PolyethyleneLayer 2 : Ordinary concrete Calculated dose rate in Sv/h, for neutrons and gammas [email protected] 33
In progress: Neutron Science Facility at Seibersdorf
Optimization of shielding design is ongoing
Radiation monitoring systems testedHPGe for NAA installed and tested
Ion Beam Accelerator Project at Seibersdorf; consideredComprehensive survey conducted in 2018: high interest from the user communities(>60 replies from 40MSs as well as internally within IAEA) : →Training in accelerator technology and applications, →Services relevant to ion beam and nuclear microprobe analysis, →Enhanced access to and use of Ion Beam Analysis techniques.
Total capital costs: ~3.0-4.5 M€ for 1.7-3.0 MV tandem Staff required: ~2-4 persons Operational costs: ~100 - 150 k€/year
▪ Feasibility study showed that, to match the NSIL’s mission and stakeholder needs, two optimal and cost effective technology options can be considered:
1.7 MV tandem or 3.0 MV tandem.
1.7 MV Pelletron Accelerator Lab.East Carolina University, Greenville, USA
Call for Extrabudgetary Support and Contributions-in-Kind!
Physics/NSILNeutron Science Facility
(in progress)
Physics/NSILIon Beam Facility
(planned)
Physics/NSILX-ray Facilities
(available)
Physics/NSILInstrumentation Facilities
(available)
