IAA Oct/Nov 09

Oct/Nov 2009

www.iaasiaonline.com

MICA(P) 154/07/2009 | ISSN 0219/5615 | PPS 1561/06/2010 (028221)


Going WirelessA Standard Procedure

Safety PLCs Tools To Help You Choose

Green Buildings Protecting The Environment Mobile NetworkingGetting Your Priorities Right

The Chemical Plant:

PerspectiveInsider’s

ENQUIRY NO. 041

Helping you integrate machine safetyfor maximum productivity

Copyright © 2009 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Discover more at: www.discoverrockwellautomation.com/safety

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Rockwell Automation Southeast Asia Pte Ltd

Singapore Tel: 65 6510 6688 Fax: 65 6510 6699

Indonesia Tel: 6221 255 45200 Fax: 6221 255 45299

Malaysia Tel: 603 8997 6688 Fax: 603 8997 6699

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ENQUIRY NO. 036

M YC K

While every effort has been taken to carry out instruction to customers satisfaction NO RESPONSIBILITY liablilty will be accepted for errors CUSTOMERS ARE THEREFORE URGED TO CHECK THOROUGHLY BEFORE AUTHORISING PRINT RUNS DALIM

11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 OK LCL McCann CN DVD: CN246CN255792 Dalim-HC3 12.05.2009 150#

ESS0001829 IAA June 2009205Wmm x 275Hmm 150# Epson + CD-rom(PDF)

20 Plant asset ManageMent: sPeaking eDDl

2 industrial automation asia | Oct/Nov 2009

ISSUES & INSIGHTS

21 Mobile Networking: Getting Your Priorities RightHaving the ability to chose data sharing methods offers flexibility and control. By Kelly Ungs, Intermec

24 Going Wireless: A Standard ProcedureThe ISA100.11a standard aims to achieve a wireless network in the field where it can integrate robustly with an existing system for the process automation. By Toshi Hasegawa, Yokogawa Electric Corporation

28 Of Costs & Cable CuttingCombining wireless with wired automation systems can save you money without sacrificing control capability or reliability. By Peter Zornio, Emerson Process Management

CONTROL POINT

30 Safety PLCs: Tools To Help You ChooseEvaluation of Safety PLCs based on both technical requirements and commercial requirements are crucial when selecting one. By Mike Scott and Bud Adler, AE Solutions

32 Your Safety Certified!Designing a safety architecture and developing a safety application is an integral part of the process. By Christophe Cornillon, Schneider Electric

52Wind Power Opportunities

contentsOCT/NOV 2009

SOFTWARE & NETWORKS

34 Networks In Buildings: A Central RoleRemote management of building network infrastructures is critical when it comes to supporting service providers who utilise third party networks. By Daniel Santos and Don Winn, Connexion Technologies

37 Wireless Sensor Networks & Energy Harvesting StandardsEnergy harvesting can only become a multibillion dollar business if standards are created and interoperable equipment becomes more widely available. By Raghu Das, IDTechEx

32Your safetY CertifieD!

INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT

38 Gas Analysers: Independent WorkersNew Process gas analysers designs are able to operate hands-off over months without any need for maintenance or calibration. By Dr Michael Markus, Sick Maihak

SECTOR SPOTLIGHT

42 Process Safety In Specialty ChemicalsNew standards offer more choices for integrating safety and process control. By Art P Pietrzyk, Rockwell Automation

21MOBILE NETWORkING

Getting Your Priorities Right

going Wireless: a stanDarD ProCeDure

24

www.issuu.com/easterntrademedia/docs/iaaoctnov_ebook/23












fujielectric r1.pdf 9/15/09 2:45:47 PM

ENQUIRY NO. 070


REGULARS8 News

19 Fieldbus Foundation

20 EtherCAT Technology Group

60 Products & Services

67 Calendar of Events

68 Advertising Index /

Ad Sales Offi ce

68A Product Enquiry Card

contentsOCT/NOV 2009

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ENERGY

46 Green Buildings: Protecting The EnvironmentWith the rising tide of environmentalism, green buildings will be the norm in eco-cities of the future. By Augustine Quek

49 Shedding Light On The Building Illumination MarketAPAC consumers consider energy effi ciency and long life as important considerations when buying light bulbs. By Tonya Fowler, Frost & Sullivan

50 Building Towards A Sustainable FutureChristoph Conrad, senior VP, Building Life Cycle Management, Building Technologies, Sector Industry, Siemens tells IAA why maximising energy effi ciency in buildings is so important. By Derek Rodriguez

FEATURES

54 Shipbuilding: Staying Afl oatMetalworking processes are a big part of shipbuilding as the industry undergoes the process of renewal. By Joson Ng

56 Guaranteeing Success With StandardisationFDI combines the advantages and tried-and-tested concepts of both EDDL and FDT. By Daniel Grossmann, ABB Corporate Research and Achim Laubenstein, ABB Process Automation Division

59 World Demand For Water Desalination To Reach US$13 Billion In 2013Technological advancements have encouraged the proliferation of desalination techniques. By The Freedonia Group

ProCess safetY in sPeCialtY CHeMiCals

42

Cover: Exxon Mobil and Rockwell Automation
















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EDITOR’S PAGE

Derek RodriguezAssistant Editor

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CONTRIBUTORSJoson Ng, Kelly Ungs, Toshi Hasegawa,

Peter Zornio, Mike Scott, Bud Adler, Christophe Cornillon, Daniel Santos, Don Winn, Raghu Das,

Dr Michael Markus, Art P Pietrzyk, Augustine Quek, Tonya Fowler, Daniel Grossmann,

Achim Laubenstein

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Industry Analyst

Alastair Ross Director, Codexx Associates Ltd

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MICA (P) No. 154/07/2009ISSN 0219/5615

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Statistics show that buildings are a major source of energy consumption, especially in developed countries where commercial buildings are a common sight in the landscape.

In the US, buildings are responsible for approximately 40 percent of energy consumed in the country. In Europe, where arguably people are most aware of the need for energy effi ciency, buildings are to blame for over 40 percent of the continent’s greenhouse gas emissions, according to The European Alliance of Companies for Energy Effi ciency in Buildings (EuroACE).

This is where the concept of the green building comes in. The idea is clearly one that can, and has, created the sit-up-and-listen effect, both in the commercial sector and in governments.

The Singapore government, for one, has unveiled a S$1 billion (US$713 million) green plan, which is to be implemented over the next fi ve years. Of this, S$100 million has been allocated towards making buildings more energy effi cient.

To add to this, the country’s Housing and Development Board (HDB) has a S$31 million project involving the installation of solar

panels in 30 HDB eco-precincts by 2015, according to the Singapore Economic Development Board. (Currently, homes built by the HDB house 80-90 percent of the city state’s population.)

Green buildings not only offer a feel-good factor or a moral victory, but also present an interesting proposition economically. A decrease in carbon footprint might convince tree-huggers but, business being business after all, large companies with the real power to make things happen are surely more attracted by its business potential.

Siemens’ Christoph Conrad (pg 50) estimates that the company has helped customers achieve energy savings of 2 billion (US$2.9 billion) over the last 10 years, and if this fi gure is anything to go by, the question on everyone’s lips should be: Where do I sign up?

Green buildings not only offer a

feel-good factor or a moral victory,

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Industry newsVipa Expands Facility

Procentec Sets Up Asian Headquarters In Singapore

Singapore: Dutch based Procentec has joined forces with regional Profibus experts in Asia to start up Procentec. From September 1, the operation will be responsible for developing and supporting the industry in South Asia, Southeast Asia and Oceania for the entire range of products, training and services.

The German Centre in Singapore has been chosen for the location of the office, being well positioned towards the region and its main industry players, underlining the importance of Singapore as hub for Asia operations.

Says Dennis van Booma, GM, Procentec: “Our operation in Singapore will allow us to better support our regional business

(L) Dominique Chabauty(R) Henk Schaake

Herzogenaurach, Germany: After a one year construction period, Vipa has celebrated the opening of the state of the art expansion to its facilities in Herzogenaurach. The opening ceremony was attended by Mayor German Hacker and District Administrator Eberhardt Irlinger, in addition to approximately 300 invited guests from the fields of business and politics.

With approximately 8,000 sq m of additional floor space, the expansion building offers the required space for

product development and administration, as well as increased production and warehouse capacity, housing around 150 employees.

“The existing building simply became too small. For the future company development, it was absolutely necessary to expand office and warehouse capacities.” said Wolfgang Seel, CEO of VIPA, who opened the ceremony. VIPA has invested about €8 million (US$11.7 million) in the expansion building.

The fully automated high-bay warehouse shortens the distance for logistics. Previously, warehouse capacity was distributed at three different loca-tions in the surrounding area. Now all products can be stored and accessed in this expansion.

“Our new fully-automated high-bay warehouse, including test facilities, is perhaps the most modern of its kind”, adds CEO, Wolfgang Seel. The intelligent and autonomous transpor-tation robot ‘Servus’ takes care of the overall material transport within VIPA and supplies all departments just- in-time.

(L to R) Mayor German Hacker, Wolfgang Seel, District Administrator Eberhard Irlinger

partners, enhance our training and services portfolio and provide quicker response to our customers in the Asian region.”

The organisation in Singapore will be under the management of Henk Schaake, who currently also acts as advisor to the board for Profibus. Dominique Chabauty will be responsible for all marketing and technical matters. He currently also holds the position of president within the Profibus Association Southeast Asia.

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Industry News

Control Station Establishes Asian Presence Connecticut, USA: Control Station has announced the successful registration of its Malaysia-based subsidiary.

With its formal presence in Asia, the company offers more comprehensive product delivery and support services to process manufacturers.

“The establishment of our Asian presence is timely,” commented Dennis Nash, Control Station’s president. “The need for innovative and easy-to-use technologies is more critical than ever in the manufacturing sector both here in the United States and elsewhere in the world.”

Invensys To Provide Operator Training Simulator For LNG PlantSarawak, Malaysia: Invensys Operations Management, a global provider of technology systems, software solutions and consulting services to the process and manufacturing industries, has signed a five-year, multi-million dollar contract to supply a comprehensive operator training, process design and operation optimisation solution to Malaysia LNG Tiga (MLNG Tiga).

Malaysia LNG Tiga is a joint venture of Petroleum National (Petronas), Shell gas, Nippon Oil LNG (Netherlands) and Sarawak State of Malaysia. The Bintulu LNG Complex houses the MLNG, MLNG Dua and MLNG Tiga plants. MLNG Tiga is the second major expansion of the complex. It will be constructed adjacent to the original three-train MLNG plant and the three-train MLNG Dua plant. It has a combined capacity of about 23 million tonnes per year, and together with ancillary facilities which include six LNG storage tanks and two loading jetties, it set to become the world’s largest LNG production facility from a single location.

The integrated operations of the three plants, supported by a current fleet of 13 LNG tankers and with additional six vessels under construction, will enhance Malaysia’s LNG supply flexibility and reliability.

Proserv Chooses Parker Fittings & ValvesAberdeen, UK: Parker has signed a worldwide representation agreement with the oil and gas systems integrator Proserv Group AS. Tube fittings, valves, manifolds and other components from the instrumentation products division of Parker Hannifin will become part of Proserv’s system building offering.

In addition to Proserv’s broad activity profile, the system builder’s worldwide footprint was a major attraction for

Parker, as it extends local support to several areas not currently covered by its own international office network, such as West Africa.

Parker’s Sheldon Banks notes: “Our agreement gives us the means to better serve oil major, design house and EPC clients - bringing mutual opportunities for rapid and sustainable growth.”

“We have a very large requirement for instrumentation products and

expertise, and Parker’s range, responsive supply chain and innovative approach gives us what we need to satisfy the ever increasing demands of our clients,” adds Proserv Group’s CEO Arve Sem-Henriksen. “The product supply agreement we have with Parker will help us to build and deliver systems very rapidly and efficiently, and provide after-sales support with products from a globally-recognised source.”

Arve Sem-Henriksen shaking hands with Ian Huggins

Left: Arve Sem-Henriksen CEO & president of Proserv Group AS, with Ian Huggins, division GM, Parker Hannifin, Instrumentation Products Division Europe

Oct/Nov 2009 | industrial automation asia 11

Industry News

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AMSC & Sinovel Sign US$100 Million Contract

Massachusetts, USA: American Superconductor Corporation and Beijing-based Sinovel Wind Corporation have signed a contract worth more than US$100 million (excluding value added tax) for core electrical components to be utilised in Sinovel’s 3 megawatt (MW) wind turbines, known as the SL3000. AMSC expects to begin shipping sets of core components under the contract in March 2010 and to complete all shipments by the end of calendar year 2011.

Sinovel has already erected several 3 MW turbines off the coast of Shanghai for the Shanghai Donghai Bridge Wind Farm, China’s fi rst off-shore wind farm.

At the end of calendar year 2008, China had an installed wind power capacity of approximately 12,000 MW (12 gigawatts). In its June 2009 report, industry research fi rm Emerging Energy Research projected that China’s wind power installed base would exceed 200,000 MW (200 GW) by 2020.

Emerson Forms Human Centered Design InstituteFlorida, USA: Signaling an important change in technology trends, Emerson is making process control technology easier to use with its introduction of the Human Centered Design Institute. This announcement culminates more than fi ve years of customer work-practice analysis, product development re-engineering and organisational training.

The goal is simple: make products that are not only reliable, compatible and cost-effective, but also bring about a signifi cant improvement in ease-of-use and workforce productivity.

“Process control technologies have come a long way in the past 40 years,” said Peter Zornio, chief strategic offi cer at Emerson. “But the industry has invested almost exclusively on feature and technology enhancement, instead of designing around how people actually use the technology. We believe it’s time technology began serving people, instead of the other way around.”

Emerson also turned its attention to day-to-day operations, focusing on the repetitive tasks operators and maintenance staff perform and how they interface with fi eld devices.

The primary goal of Emerson’s Human Centered Design Institute is to ensure that user work practices and improved task completion (usability or workforce productivity) are at the heart of every new product that Emerson introduces.


Industry News

Rockwell Automation To Host 18th Annual Automation Fair

California, USA: Rockwell Automation is expected to host more than 8,000 attendees in Anaheim, California from November 11–12 at its 18th annual Automation Fair event. Manufacturing business leaders, industry analysts, and Rockwell Automation solution partners will convene at the Anaheim Convention Center to explore the latest automation solutions from business and industry experts.

“While this year has been extremely challenging, we can help our customers prepare for the economic recovery by showing them how to capitalise on their automation investments through innovative solutions,” said Keith Nosbusch, chairman and CEO, Rockwell Automation.

Keeping with the Rockwell Automation tradition to host the annual Automation Fair event as an educational forum, company executives will focus on three themes that are top-of-mind for manufacturing leaders today: plant-wide optimisation, machine builder performance, and sustainable production.

In addition to the customer-focused Automation Fair event, Rockwell will

bring together industry journalists and analysts for Manufacturing Perspectives, a global media forum where the leading news topics in manufacturing technology and automa-tion are discussed. The forum on November 10 will include panel discus-sions with customers, industry analysts and Rockwell executives. Jeremy Leonard, an economist with the MAPI Manufacturers

Alliance, also will speak about the impact that global competition and innovation have on manufacturing.

The Automation Fair event includes workshops, technical sessions, industry forums, hands-on labs and exhibits that will provide attendees with opportunities to learn about the latest trends, issues and solutions for manufacturers worldwide.

Qatar To Double LNG Production By 2010New Delhi, India: According to market research and analysis company RNCOS’s research on global LNG industry, ‘Global LNG Market Analysis’, rising crude oil and coal prices in the international market, coupled with the mounting pressure to develop clean power is driving the global LNG market. Japan is expected to be the leading importer, while Qatar will remain the major exporter in coming years.

As per the research report, Qatar’s economy is continuously growing despite the worldwide economic turmoil due to its booming hydrocarbons industry as well as an array of downstream initiatives. In In particular, Qatar’s burgeoning LNG industry is the main engine driving its economic growth.

Qatar is already the world’s largest exporter of LNG and production is forecast to jump to 77 million metric tonnes by 2010. In 2008, Qatar’s gas sector overtook the oil as the largest contributor to GDP for the first time in the country’s history. Gas constituted 32 percent of the state’s income in 2008, compared with 27 percent share of the oil sector.

Mitsubishi Electric Wins Order In ChinaTokyo, Japan: Mitsubishi Electric Corp and consortium partner China Techenergy Corporation (CTEC) have jointly won an order for digital instrumentation and control systems (digital I&C systems) to be used at two 1,000 MW nuclear power plants, which will be constructed by China Guangdong Nuclear Power Holding Corp (CGNPC). The consortium order is worth approximately 10 billion yen (US$110 million).

The installed capacity of nuclear power plants in China is expected to increase from the current capacity of 9,000 MW to 60,000 MW by 2020, and up to 160,000 MW by 2030. Plans call for more than 50 new nuclear power plants to be constructed.

Mitsubishi Electric has been strengthening and expanding its nuclear power business in areas outside Japan including China. The company is striving to further expand its digital I&C system business even for other types of nuclear power plants in cooperation with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Mitsubishi Corporation, and CTEC.


Industry News

GTL Jet Fuel Approved For Use In Civil AviationNetherlands: Shell today welcomed the release by ASTM International of a specification that fully and unconditionally approves the use of Gas-to-Liquids Kerosene blends for powering commercial aircraft.

The specification, ASTM D7566 ‘Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing

Synthesised Hydrocarbons’, approves jet fuel containing up to 50 percent GTL Kerosene for use in civil aviation. The blends will be known as GTL Jet Fuel.

GTL Kerosene is one of five GTL products that will be produced in commercial volumes by the Pearl GTL project, currently under construction by

Qatar Petroleum and Shell. The project will produce around one million tonnes of GTL Kerosene per annum, enough to power a typical commercial airliner for half a billon kilometres (equivalent to carrying 250 passengers around the world 4,000 times) when used in a 50 percent blend to make GTL Jet Fuel.

US Awards US$100m Grant For Eco-Friendly Transport Projects

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USA: The US government has announced a US$100m grant for 43 environmentally friendly transportation projects. The grant comes from the American Recovery and Reinvestment 2009 Act under its Transit Investments for Greenhouse Gas and Energy Reduction (TIGGER) grant programme.

The projects have been selected from a large number of proposals that were submitted after the Federal Transit Administration (FRA) announced the grant in March 2008.

The road projects include the purchase of hybrid electric buses in Alabama, Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Texas, Virginia and Washington to replace the diesel buses.

The project is also aimed at developing technologies to reduce global warming as well as energy consumption to lessen the country’s reliance on oil.

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Industry News

Doosan To Acquire Škoda PowerSeoul, South Korea: Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction has signed an agreement to buy Czech power plant equipment maker Škoda Power, which will provide the rights to proprietary turbine technologies used in power plants.

The acquisition gives Doosan a 100 percent equity stake in Škoda Power. The transaction is expected to be completed by the fourth quarter of 2009.

With this acquisition, Doosan now has core technologies for boilers, turbines, and generators—the three key components of modern fossil fuel power plants.

The acquisition also makes it possible for the company to expand its presence in the retrofit and other profitable power plant service markets.

One benefit the acquisition brings is that Doosan is now able to build and supply turbines for engineering, procurement, construction (EPC) projects rather than purchasing from third-party suppliers.

Another benefit is that Doosan will have a full boiler-turbine-generator (BTG) lineup, allowing it to pursue more profitable BTG package orders, a market segment open only to the top industry players. The company expects this ability to supply its own turbines to improve foreign exchange earnings by 30 percent to 40 percent on future BTG projects.

ExxonMobil To Support Women’s Economic AdvancementNew York, USA: Exxon Mobil Corp, in partnership with Ashoka’s Changemakers and the International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), today introduced an initiative to help women in developing countries fulfill their economic potential through technology and innovation.

The program, called Technologies to Improve Women’s Economic Livelihoods, will help identify and deploy technologies and innovations that can improve quality of life and enable women to participate more fully in income-generating activities. The program is part of ExxonMobil’s Women’s Economic Opportunity Initiative (previously Educating Women and Girls Initiative), which was launched in 2005 and has invested more than US$20 million in programs that have involved women from 64 developing countries.

“As a global technology company, ExxonMobil can make a lasting contribution by helping to identify and deploy new technologies to improve and strengthen the economic livelihoods of women,” said Rex W Tillerson, chairman and CEO. “This focus area is consistent with our own belief and experience that technology and innovation are critical to addressing many of the world’s major challenges.”

ExxonMobil’s new initiative was announced by former President Bill Clinton at the Clinton Global Initiative’s annual meeting in New York. ExxonMobil is co-sponsoring the first-ever CGI special programming focused on investing in girls and women. Tillerson participated as a panelist during a plenary session ‘Investing in Girls and Women’.

“ExxonMobil’s investments in this area aim to increase opportunities for women in developing countries to improve their economic prospects and become and remain successful business leaders and entrepreneurs,” said Tillerson. “We are pleased to support the Clinton Global Initiative’s new focus on investing in women, which reflects the world’s growing recognition of the critical role of women in delivering high returns for economic and social development.”

Rex W Tillerson, chairman and CEO, Exxon Mobil

N-Tron Announces Distribution Alliance With Opto 22Alabama, USA: N-Tron Corporation has announced a strategic marketing and sales agreement with Opto 22. As part of the agreement, Opto 22 will resell N-Tron’s industrial Ethernet switches and wireless access points to their customers.

Said Warren Nicholson, N-Tron CEO and president: “Our two companies’ products complement each other perfectly and having them available through Opto 22 creates a single-source for engineers and other automation professionals looking for the components to solve process and machine control, monitoring, data acquisition, and networking communications challenges.”

3D Systems Acquires Acu-Cast TechnologiesSouth Carolina, USA: 3D Systems Corp has acquired the assets of Acu-Cast Technologies. 3D Systems expects this acquisition to be accretive to its future operating income.

C o n c u r re n t l y, 3 D S y s t e m s announced the launch of 3Dproparts, a rapid prototyping and manufacturing parts service.

Evonik & Vega Extend Framework ContractSchiltach, Germany: Vega and Evonik have extended their existing framework contract by another 3 years. The framework contract is valid unti l June 30, 2012. I t covers the delivery of Vega level measurement and switching technology to the manufacturing locations of Evonik Industries around the globe.


Industry News

Wireless Network Carriers Take Up Slack On Infrastructure SpendingSingapore: “Mobile network carriers are picking up the slack on infrastructure spending, increasing it up 8 percent quarter on quarter,” says Jake Saunders, VP for forecasting at ABI Research. “However, 2009 is still likely to close down 4 percent to 5 percent compared to 2008.”

While the global economic outlook has swung from inventory doom and gloom to stock market euphoria and back to an overcast, ‘where’s the demand?’ scenario, mobile carriers have their sights set on the mobile broadband traffic tidal wave that is rippling through their networks.

“There has been a noticeable shift in spending towards 3G and 3.5G equipment,” Mr Saunders continues. “GSM infrastructure is still selling off the shelves for emerging markets, but

in developed markets mobile carriers are expanding their 3G footprints and upgrading existing infrastruc-ture to support HSDPA/HSUPA and even HSPA+.”

In Asia, the Chinese and Indian markets are likely to make marked contributions to equipment vendor revenues. Despite the fanfare of a third round of contract awards for TD-SCDMA, China Mobile will need to roll out TD-SCDMA for several years to build out the coverage and quality of service to meet end-user expectations and traffic build-up. In China, the lion’s share of contracts have gone to Huawei, ZTE and Datang.

In India, while there has been a degree of scaremongering among politicians about contract awards, Indian mobile operators will not be

k e e n t o e x c l u d e Chinese vendors. While the Indian subscriber market is still one o f t h e f a s t e s t growing, and largest, average revenue per user is one of the lowest in the world.Indian carriers therefore have a narrower margin to remain profitable, and yet India has some of the most intense competition within its borders, and 3G licensing has just been completed.

The YoY growth in installed base-stations will drop to 6.5 percent for 2009. However there are healthy signs that vendors such as Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Nokia-Siemens, and others, are starting to ship 4G LTE equipment.

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PCA2010 MagAd(IndAuto)p.fh 9/28/09 2:50 PM Page 1


Industry News

GM India & Reva To Develop Electric Vehicles For Indian MarketNew Delhi, India: General Motors India has announced that it has entered into a collaboration agreement with Reva Electric Car Company to develop electric vehicles for the Indian market. Both companies, in partnership mode, will develop car platforms, electric vehicle technology and advanced control systems.

Stating that the development of small electric vehicles was a growth area around the global automotive industry, Nick Reilly, president of GM International Operations, said that this cooperation with REVA in India will accelerate GM’s progress to meet the emerging needs in many parts of the world.

Metso To Enter Solid Waste Recycling Equipment Business

Helsinki, Finland: Metso and M&J Industries A/S have signed a sale and purchase agreement according to which Metso will acquire 100 percent of the shares in the Danish company M&J Industries A/S. The value of the transaction is about €16 million (US$23.4 million) and it is expected to be closed soon.

This acquisition strengthens Metso's position as a supplier of recycling equipment and services and makes the company a player also in the solid-waste recycling equipment segment.

“With the acquisition, we are taking an important step in strengthening our capabilities to serve our traditional metal recycling equipment customers who are expanding their scope to also cover the

recycling of other types of materials. A n e x c i t i n g new customer segment is energy companies that use this kind of equipment in the pre-combustion treatment of solid waste and biomass in their power plants. We already supply the segment with our power generation and automa-tion products and services. Crushing technology has always been one of Metso's core strengths, and this acquisi-tion expands our crushing capabilities to cover solid waste applications as well as the current metal recycling and rock crushing applications,” says Christoffer Ribbing, president of Metso's Recycling business line.

NUS Fuels Eco-car Innovation With MSC SoftwareSingapore: MSC Software have announced that National University of Singapore (NUS), one of the leading global universities centred in Asia has achieved tremendous success in Eco-car innovation and competition using the company’s engineering analysis tool, MSC Adams.

The NUS eco-car, KRUCE (Kent Ridge Urban Concept Eco-car) runs on hydrogen fuel cell and was ranked top five in the recent Shell Eco-marathon competition that saw 66 entries from 37 different countries.

The Shell Eco-marathon is an educational platform that encourages innovation, reinforces conservation and fosters the development of leading technology for greater energy efficiency.

At the end of the competition, there were only 28 teams that managed to complete at least one of the three runs. As a testament to NUS’s engineering ingenuity, the eco-car team arrived in time to take part in one run only during the global competition and that run was good enough for a top five placement.

Agilent Technologies Opens Centre For Systems Biology

Shanghai, China: Agilent Technologies has announced the opening of the Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences (SIBS)-Agilent Center for Systems Biology in Shanghai, China.

The centre will feature multiple technology platforms in the areas of genomics, proteomics and

metabolomics to conduct biomarker identification to better understand diseases.

“As a leading provider of bio-analytical instruments, Agilent is very proud to be collaborating with world-class life science researchers who are contributing to breakthrough research

in China,” said Nick Roelofs, president of Agilent's Life Sciences Group.

“China has demonstrated tremendous progress in recent years in technological advancement and research capabilities and is a key focus area for Agilent's Life Sciences Group.”

Both companies have already begun feasibility studies of GM’s vehicle platforms to host the electric technology and are expected to announce more details about the vehicles soon.

The collaboration to bring affordable small car platform based electric vehicles to the market is in line with government objectives to reduce fossil fuel dependence.


Industry News

Dematic To Supply Mechanised Logistics System

Siemens Merge Divisions

Luxembourg: Dematic has won the contract to supply the mechanised logistics system for Tesco’s 910,000 sq ft distribution centre (DC) in Teesport, Middlesborough. The system, which is scheduled for completion in 2010, will provide the UK retailer with a pallet storage solution, incorporating a fully mechanised high bay warehouse, monorail and conveyor networks, and a Warehouse Control System (WCS).

Dedicated to Tesco’s fast-growing general merchandise range, the new DC is the company’s first purpose-built import centre. Located on a brownfield site next to a deep sea port and the forthcoming ‘Northern Gateway’ container terminal, the

centre will eliminate the need to transport imported goods in bulk to distribution centres further inland. As a result, Tesco will realise significant cost savings on its inbound logistics operations. Furthermore, the environmental benefits include a reduction in CO2 emissions of over 700 tonnes per annum.

The Dematic system includes a total of 43 automated storage and retrieval cranes and 120,000 pallet locations. As well as supporting full pallet picking, the high bay warehouse will also replenish a low bay picking area where mixed pallets can be generated. The goods in, storage, picking and despatch areas will be linked via extensive monorail and conveyor systems.

New York, USA: Effective October 1, 2009, Siemens Energy & Automation, Siemens Transportation Systems, Siemens Building Technologies, and Siemens VAI Services will merge, and the resulting corporation will be renamed Siemens Industry. Daryl D Dulaney, 56, has been appointed as president and CEO of the

newly-formed Siemens Industry.Since 2007, Siemens has been

globally aligning its businesses into three sectors: Healthcare, Energy and Industry. Siemens Industry will provide its wUS customers in the fields of industry and infrastructure with integrated automation technologies as well as comprehensive

industry-specific solutions. With more than 30,000 employees

in 480 locations across the country, Siemens Industry will consist of six divisions including Industry Solutions, Industry Automation, Drive Technologies, Building Technologies, Mobility and Osram Sylvania.

The Chevrons in Singapore played host to the Foundation Fieldbus For FPSO (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading vessel) seminar on August 21, 2009, bringing together end users for a day of presentations and live demonstrations.

Speakers included Andreas Agostin, president, Fieldbus Foundation Marketing Society, who talk about the market outlook, and Hisashi Sasajima, VP, Fieldbus Foundation, Asia Pacific Operations, who provided the Asia Pacific Marketing Update.

Growing MarketThe FPSO market has been growing rapidly with annual

FPSO installations and demand steadily on the rise. One reason is because FPSOs offer a flexible and economically attractive drilling solution. FPSO is also the only solutions with significant storage capacity.

The difference in FPSO and non-FPSO applications lie in the selection of components. All system components (power conditioners, field devices, control systems, cables etc) have to be certified for marine applications (corrosive effects, vibration etc). The components have to be chosen in order not to increase the net weight of the platform.

Utilising Foundation fieldbus as the standard for FPSO applications

Foundation Fieldbus For FPSO Seminar

offers a substantial overall cost saving and makes the maintenance simpler. Other advantages of using a Foundation fieldbus system include:• Increasedavailability• Reducedcapex• Reduced operational and

maintenance expenditure• Easyintegrationwithbusiness

enterprise• Reductionofcycletime• Reduceddrivingexposureand

hostile environment

Advantages Of FF In FPSOEmerson’s JonasBerge revealedthe advantages that a Foundation fieldbus architecture can bring comparedtoconventionallocalI/O


ENQUIRY NO. 7101

wiring, such as savings on wiring, real time status and feedback, increased device diagnostics, real number data transmission etc.

ABB’sJackvanderHorst’sthendiscussedthebenefitsofusingHSE(highspeedEthernet).Inadditionto the same life cycle benefits as H1, HSEprovidesthecontrolbackbonethat integrates all of the systems in theplant.HSEprovidespeer-to-peer communication capability; devices communicate with each other directly without having to go through a central computer. Furthermore, HSE can bridge EN

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information between devices on different H1 networks at different ends of the plant. Controls can therefore span between process cells and a plant area.

August 21, 2009The ChevronsSingapore

(Top) Andreas Agostin addressing the crowd(Bottom) Jonas Berge points out that a Foundation fieldbus infrastructure is needed to benefit from devices like high density temperature transmitters and machinery health transmitters



Asia

ENQUIRY NO. 7102

SECURITY concerns accompany the introduction of Ethernet in automation: do EtherCAT users now have to invest the costs saved by EtherCAT into expensive security measures?

The methods known from the IT world such as fi rewalls, usage of up to date virus scanners and password protection are security measures which also have to be considered for automation networks.

Zone ConceptsHowever, in industrial automation there may be limitations in using those provisions. Current concepts are based on zone concepts, which defi ne specifi c entry points into the production network. Within a zone an unauthorised access has to be ruled out. Open entry points such as router or switches thus have to be avoided within the zone.

EtherCAT is an industrial Ethernet technology: it uses standard Ethernet frames, standard Ethernet cables, and of course also the internet technologies such as TCP/IP, FTP etc are supported as well.

But the EtherCAT-Protocol is directly using the Ethernet frame, and itself is not IP (Internet Protocol)-based. Thus within the EtherCAT basis protocol the most common transport means for cyber attacks is missing. EtherCAT devices do not need a TCP/IP stack for process data and parameter communication. This not only

saves costs, but also by nature avoids the basis for most security issues. IP based protocols are tunnelled by EtherCAT: addressing, timing, bandwidth allocation and protocol environment remain within control of EtherCAT.

An EtherCAT segment therefore builds a zone, for which it is generally sufficient to protect the ‘tunnel entrance’ in order to keep the entire EtherCAT network clean. If necessary, one can omit

A Topic ForSecurity:

EtherCAT Networks?the tunnel mechanism entirely for particular sensitive applications – then all IP based protocols remain outside the network; they are not required for confi guration or operation of the network.

Even if the EtherCAT frames negligent or intentional other protocols (such as TCP/IP frames) are inserted, this does not lead to a security breach: non-EtherCAT frames (identified by their Ethertype) are discarded by the slave controller chips – and thus by hardware and not by a software stack, which could be manipulated. Furthermore, within an EtherCAT segment switches and router are not used, so side entries are avoided as well.

Effective TechnologyWith EtherCAT the following basic principle applies: as much IT technology as necessary, not as much as possible. This is valid regarding the required know-how for confi guration, setup and maintenance of the network and

its components, which require no IT specialist knowledge at all. With EtherCAT no router and switch confi guration or their analysis and real-time optimisation is required.

The same principle also applies regarding IT security: If via EtherCAT remote access towards the control system is enabled, then this access has to be secured by appropriate measures. Which measures are appropriate mainly depends on the application and

the control system itself, and does not depend on EtherCAT. EtherCAT itself provides best pre-requisites so that these measures can be limited to the control system itself. I f EtherCAT is used like a classical fieldbus – just much faster, with less configuration effort, flexible topology and reduced costs – then the security effort is also comparable with the one used with fi eldbus systems.

If TCP/IP is used as well, this does not mean that expensive security infrastructure components and other complex security measures are required. Sense of proportion and the right technology choice thus are the crucial ingredients for the security concept of an application. By its functional principle the EtherCAT technology automatically supports common security means and avoids the access by TCP/IP based attack scenarios.

priority-based networking system is one where different types of data have varying

values and are transmitted in ways suitable to their importance to the company. Data should be made available to backend systems as they are required, whether it is for status reports, lists of parts sold, time spent on a call or captured mileage. This is a cost versus need data model. The more urgent the need for the data, the higher its

priority for being sent to the server in the quickest, and often most expensive way possible. The lower the urgency, the slower and less costly the method of transmittal.

Priority-based mobile systems normally require more than one way to collect and share information in order to provide a high level of service at an affordable price.

In the best of worlds, the mobile application and the rugged hardware work in concert to auto-

Mobile Networking:

GettingYour

RIGHTPriorities

Having the ability to chose data sharing methods offers fl exibility and control. By Kelly Ungs, network communications product manager, Intermec

Wireless capability is usually considered essential to the successful implementation

of priority-based systems

matically determine how and when data should be handled. Such integrated software and hardware are available for implementation today.

Priority-Based ApplicationsPriority-based applications that have a mobile component, where real-time data collection and sharing enterprise-wide is essential to the operation of a business and the satisfaction of its customers,


ISSUES & INSIGHTS


issues & iNsights

require special considerations. That’s especially true if those applications are regional, national or global in nature.

By definition, a priority-based application should provide mobile workers with access to company and customer records, as well as the ability to update those records from the field. Wireless capability is usually considered essential to the successful implementation of such systems.

The decision to go wireless should be based on cost vs need: how much data do you need in real time, how much can you analyse, how quickly can you analyse it and make it beneficial, and is it necessary to stay competitive in the marketplace.

What does it take to build a true around-the-clock total solution system that captures every piece of data for decision making, product track ing, business automation and strong bottom line productivity?

You need a strategy and a plan. Your business strategy will drive an integrated software and hardware, and communication plan that fits the needs of your operation and various methods of transmitting data based on its value to the organisation.

What Makes The System?Components of a total solution system include:• Ahandheldmobile computer

tough enough to stand up to the environment in which it will operate – rough handling, indoor and outdoor temperature extremes, and solid state memory so it doesn’t lose any data if the battery dies. It must also have the ability to run the mobile application and be compatible with the applications residing on the company server.

• Mobile computer applicationsoftware, designed to operate

in wired or wireless environ-ments and support all the business processes needed by the remote worker.

• Awireless radiomodulesuchas a PC card integrated into the handheld, vehicle-based, or data compatible cell phone and a wireless service provider to carry messages back and forth between the field force and the central server.

• A communication gatewaythat can: handle wireless data communications; initiate and accept sessions, track data to ensure it is received, monitor the entire communications effort, support dial-up service if wireless is not available, offer Ethernet capabilities and a system administration function to prioritise data messages so least cost versus data delivery need can be managed.

• An application server,whichprov ides a centra l data repository for all the informa-tion moving to and from the mobile worker and provides a single point of integration into host systems such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) or customer relationship

management (CRM) and fordispatching and prioritising data.

• Integration of all hardwareand software components by internal staff or an outside systems integrator familiar with the application and an implementation of this type.

While this type of system may be more costly to implement than a stand alone pager or cell phone, it offers definite benefits that can directly impact the bottom line, like enhanced productivity and decision making, and improved customer satisfaction. In this process, the mobile worker enters the data only once through a touch screen or keypad on his mobile computer. The increased revenue and decreased expenses associated with this type of installation make the total cost of ownership of a mobile computing solution less than that of a less robust manually intensive system. The flexibility of various data transmission types also means each system can be more efficient, and data costs better controlled.

Anumberofkey factorsdrivebusiness to this type of a priority

A priority-based application should provide mobile workers with access to company and customer records, as well as the ability to update those records from the field


ENQUIRY NO. 7201

basedsystem.Mostoftenitisthedesire to eliminate paper and the labour-intensive manual processes that surround it, particularly the typing in of information handwritten by the mobile worker.

The problems with this multi-step process include additional cost and delay in data gathering, an increase in errors, lack of complete information and the selective capture of information, which makes data analysis difficult if not impossible.

Significant BenefitsThe business benefit of a priority-based mobile system is further expanded by capturing and feeding data into ERP or CRMsystems for analysis. Once in the systems, management can pull information to meet the specific needs of the marketing, sales, finance, purchasing and service departments. Accessto timely data in areas such as inventory management and business performance provide opportunities for strategic decision making and improvements to operational efficiencies.

By enabling wireless data collection and reporting for workers in the field using mobile computers, a company gains several distinct benefits:• Theability formanagement to

make faster decisions to eliminate work, to reschedule a call to a different mobile worker in order to meet a time commit-ment to a customer, to get the mobile worker to a customer location faster than usual, thus making him more billable, and to improving productivity, and

• Theabilityforboththemobileworkers and managers to have immediate access to data that is constantly being gathered and updated to make better decisions and improve the quality of service to the customer.

Outside a building, wireless data communication comes with a cost. While wide area wireless connectivity is essential for collecting and deploying real-time data for mobile workers, it tends to be the most expensive and least reliable method for data exchange.

Companies using paper-based data collection and reporting systems, or even standalone beepers or cell phones and personaldigitalassistants(PDAs),usually collect basic information needed for billing on a piece of paper: a list of materials used (or goods ordered) on a call and the hours spent at the location. In this multistep scenario, significant data must still be manually entered, audited, edited and decoded and the mobile worker does not always have the ability to print a formal receipt for the customer.

The majority of information collected on the job by the mobile worker could be downloaded at the end of the day, because the data is not critical enough to send via wireless methods.

On the other hand, wireless enabled mobile computers for priority based applications have the ability to:• Rema in fu l ly funct iona l

regardless of the availability of wireless coverage.

• Communicateusing a varietyof methods, including wireless, dial-up or Ethernet.

• Helptomatchtheworkerwiththe skills required to do the job, where wireless is used to update the status of each tech, making matches more efficient.

• Improve data accuracy andreduce manual re-entry of information.

• Printremotelyso,forexample,invoices or receipts can be issued on the spot.

• Enforce business rules andadd consistency to the data collected before the worker can proceed to the next job.

• Control which version ofapplication software resides on the handheld, and.

• Knowwheremobilepersonnelare at any given time.

T he succe ss o f mobi le computing is based on the ability to accurately capture and share data electronically and to enforce a method of data collection that consistently meets the business needs of the organisation.

Havingtheabilitytochosedatasharing methods – based on cost and speed - ranging from real-time wireless to end-of-the-day dial up, offers flexibility and control. In addition, data shorthand reduces data transmission times and enhances security.

When you set out to build a priority-based system for your business, look at the advantages of the various options and choose one that’s right for you. It could mean a boost to your bottom line.

Mobile workers have immediate access to data that is constantly being gathered and updated to make better decisions


ISSUES & INSIGHTS

he standardisation effort of the wireless communication system applied in process automation (PA) fi eld including chemical plants is

gaining attention.This activity started in two or more standardisation

organisations in 2005, and is now shifting from the standard development phase to the phase in which the conformance is attested. Compared to 4-20mA and Foundation fi eldbus, the communication technology of this wireless network adds the following benefi ts:• The reduction of the wiring at site for the

temperature and pressure transmitters, and the associated engineering cost.

• Enabling the installation of sensors on places where the installation was once diffi cult.

• Improvement of plant safety by the collection of diagnostic data from the fi eld instrument.

Recently, our company announced that it is promoting efforts to develop the ISA100.11a wireless communication standard for the process automation industry.

Based on this standard, Yokogawa will develop a fi eld digital network platform that will enhance productivity by eliminating the diffi culties users currently face with incompatible wireless communication protocols and making possible the systematic integration of wired and wireless technologies.

This article will introduce ISA100.11a’s approach as the industrial wireless communication standard:

Costs & ExpectationsAn industrial wireless network not only reduces the cabling cost but also the cost incurred during the life cycle of the plant.

Going Wireless:

P R O C E D U R EStandard The ISA100.11a standard aims to achieve a wireless network in the fi eld where it can integrate robustly with an existing system for the process automation. By Toshi Hasegawa, project leader, technology marketing dept, marketing division, industrial automation business headquarters, Yokogawa Electric Corporation

• Installation cost The reduction of communication cables and ducts,

the resulting decrease of the engineering costs of the hardware and shortening of the instrumentation construction period can be expected. A signifi cant cost reduction is expected in a chemical plant that requires cabling that needs to withstand a harsh environment or has explosion-proof demand.

• Operation cost Enabling monitoring of equipment scattered

in remote places or where the installation was economically diffi cult, now becomes possible by installing wireless sensors.

The operation cost of the plant is expected to be decreased due to a better process control by using measurements from these wireless sensors.

Figure 1: Network Architecture

The process automation system that applies wireless communication technology is generally composed of a wireless LAN network, a wireless sensor network and a wireless backbone network

Regulating System

Backbone Network

Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless LanNetwork

EquipmentManagementDCS

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Moreover, it is expected that the field operation will improve largely because the field operator can now carry a wireless handheld terminal, which communicates the field information wirelessly to the control room. It also means that fewer skilled field operators will be needed.

• Maintenance cost The extension of the equipment life is an important

measure of the productivity enhancement, and the shift from breakdown maintenance to preventive maintenance is the objective of current main-tenance activities.

To achieve this maintenance more efficiently, the introduction of the device diagnosis technology becomes important. It is necessary to introduce more sensors to collect necessary diagnostic information. Wireless communication makes this a possibility.

Moreover, it is also possible to collect diagnostic information wirelessly by adding a wireless communication adaptor to existing wired field equipment.

• Restructuring cost Once the infrastructure of wireless communication

is up, we can easily perform any addition or movement of a wireless sensor easily. For instance, cable re-wiring becomes unnecessary in an experimental plant, and the reduction in the construction cost and shortening at the construction period can be achieved easily.

• Safety cost A plant accident that leads to loss of lives and

damage to equipment and the surrounding area should be avoided at all cost. The confirmation of a device status and a field operator’s position in the plant are indispensable information for safe operation. The monitoring of vibration or temperature of an equipment, or monitoring of dangerous gas leaks etc become feasible by installing a wireless sensor. Moreover, a field operator’s whereabouts become trackable with a wireless electronic tag and a wireless mobile terminal.

Area Of Network Architecture & StandardisationThe process automation system that applies wireless communication technology is generally composed of three main networks: a wireless LAN network communicating with wireless IT equipment, a wireless sensor network and a wireless backbone network. A wireless backbone network covers the entire factory, and connects the wireless sensor network and wireless LAN network with a supervisory system.

The ISA SP100 committee oversees the standardisation effort of wireless communication to apply to an industrial field

Figure 2: ISA100 Family

To introduce these three networks into an industrial application, an integrated approach is needed. The ISA SP100 committee oversees the standardisation effort of wireless communication to apply to an industrial field (Figure 2).

The standardisation of wireless communication is an important approach to achieve a multi-vendor environment. For the user, it means • A higher degree of freedom to choose substitute

products

Backhaul NetworkWG15

ISA100.11aWG3

WirelessHART ConvergenceISA100.12

Factory AutomationWG16

Trustworthy WirelessWG14

Power SourcesInterest Group


issues & iNsights

• The same infrastructure environment and engineering tools can be used

• Investment cost minimisation with long-term stable use as the existing host application can be reused.

Sensor NetworkThe wireless sensor network is attracting attention in the PA field. However the implementation of this technology is still not plant-wide, reasons being:1) The elements necessary for industrial wireless,

like reliability, real time updates, resistance to environment, explosion-proof requirement, electrical wave interferences and security, were not completely addressed.

2) A wireless infrastructure may consists of two or more networks if the system is constructed with products of different standards (because a common communication standard doesn’t exist), thus making multi-vendor interoperability difficult.

It is thought that the WirelessHART specification of the HART Foundation a nd t he I SA10 0 .11a speci f icat ion of the ISA100 committee will become core wireless communication standards for the process automation. These wireless techno-logies cater to non critical applications where the data collection cycle is comparatively long.

WirelessHART is a specification enhanced to transmit the HART protocol with radio signals, and it was issued as HART specification (Ver 7) by the HART Foundation in September, 2007. This standard is for HART devices only.

On the other hand, the standardisation effort of the ISA100 committee is a democratic development process.

The ISA100.11a standard aims to achieve a wireless network in the field where it can integrate robustly with an existing system for the process automation. It is contemplated to be applied to applications ranging from monitoring to closed-loop control.

The specification of the physical layer adopts IEEE 802.15.4 using the 2.4GHz unlicensed band. The modulation method adopts the DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) method, which has the highly reliable function that decreases the influence of electromagnetic noise. The data link layer has a flexible function to adopt a hybrid method to combine TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) and CSMA

(Carrier Sense Multiple Access). The network layer can easily achieve cooperation with the IT equipment such as mobile sites using IPV6 Internet technology.

As for the application layer, co-existence with existing wired instrumentation system using various

c o m m u n i c a t i o n p r o t o c o l a n d migration to wireless i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n must be considered. Wireless transmission security is improved by data encryption, a n d a n y i l l e g a l invasion to a wireless network is prevented

by a Join Key and Network ID. These are just two of the many security measures being proposed.

Other AreasTo answer the user’s needs beyond the ISA100.11a specification, subcommittees, working groups (WG), and examination groups are discussing the standardisation of various related technologies in ISA100 (Figure 2). The product for the ISA100 standard will also be used in factory automation in future. The other activities are described as follows.

• Wireles sHART/ ISA100.11a integrat ion examination subcommittee: ISA100.12

In ISA100, the ISA100.12 ( WirelessHART Convergence) subcommittee was established to examine the integration of ISA100.11a and WirelessHART. In ISA100.12, the objective is to solve a co-existent problem for the user who has already implemented WirelessHART, and intends to introduce the ISA100.11a product in the future.

A prototype wireless transmitter using the ISA100.11a draft specification exhibited at the ISA100 Kyoto conference

The sTandardisaTion of wireless communicaTion is an imporTanT approach To achieve a mulTi-vendor environmenT.


ENQUIRY NO. 7202

How Can a CHemiCal Plant aPPly wireless teCHnology?

• Wireless backhaul backbone network working group: ISA100.15

Because not only critical information from a wireless sensor but also the traffic of the IT data such as images and files is generated on a wireless backbone network, it is necessary to consider not only the separation of the control and IT traffic, but also the communication priority according to importance of information and a real-time demand of the data. Moreover, the connection point with the communication system for an existing regulating system is recommended to be limited to a minimum to conform to cyber security measures because there is a possibility that an illegal access in wireless communication.

The purpose of this working group is thus to make guidelines to use a wireless plant-wide network more safely, especially in applications with large area remote monitoring or field mobile equipment.

• PowerSourcesinterestgroupforwirelessdevice Many of current industrial wireless devices can

attain a battery life of about five years by installing the primary battery, and updating data at a low-speed cycle. It will be necessary to consider high-speed data update with respect to cost, concern for the environment, and for control application in the future.

The investigation and research on the power supply technology for the radio device are currently in progress.

• Wireless working group for FA: ISA100.16 When the specification was settled in April,

2009, working group WG16 was recruited to help standardise a wireless communication for Factory Automation (Request for Proposal). It differs from the ISA100.11a specification for PA, with the application demanding for high-speed response (Latency: 250msec) for both control and monitoring.

Standard ComplianceTo achieve multi-vendor wireless sensor network environment, ensuring the interoperability of the wireless communication between equipment becomes important. The mechanism (the evaluation of the third party whether each product complies with the wireless communication standard and the compliance) is needed.

As for WirelessHART, the compliance registration only began in the middle of 2009 though HART (Ver.7) was released in 2007.

ISA100 WCI (Wireless Compliance Institute), under the organisation of ISA, was established for this purpose. The preparation of the compliance test environment to do the certification of conformity to the ISA100.11a standard is in an advanced stage now.

Products that pass the compliance test earns the right to display the compliance logo on the main body, and symbolises that it is a ISA100.11a product. The compliance activity is expected to begin in 2010 after the ISA100.11a standard is released.

• Equipment diagnosis By continuously monitoring the

vibrationandtemperatureofrotatingequipmentsuchasmotorsandpumpswith wireless sensors, it becomespossible to switch from currentpreventivemaintenancetopredictivemaintenance,whichcontributetothereductionofthemaintenancecost.

• Process monitoring of transportation container and rotation type reactor

As for the process monitoringof transportation containers andmoving parts such as rotation typereactors, monitoring was difficult

with wired sensors. Wireless sensorsenablemonitoringeasilyandresultinimprovementinproductionefficiency.

• Finer process control by increasing measurement points

Byincreasingthenumberofmeasure-mentpointswirelessly,itenablesustounderstandareactiveprocessingreaterdetail, thus improving the productqualityandreducesoffspecsgoods.

• Temperature monitoring of pipeline The pipeline temperature may in-

crease during the transportation offluidswithhighviscosities.Inthiscase,

wiring for the sensor along a longpipelineisnoteconomicalalthoughitiscriticaltomonitorthetemperatureto evade blocking by coagulation.A wireless temperature sensor canresolvethisproblem.

• Dangerous gas leak detection A lot of hazardous locations exist

in a chemical plant. For this case, itbecomespossibletoobservealotofpointsbyintroducingwirelesssensors.Moreover,fieldoperatorswillbelessexposed to thesehazardsbyhavingtodofewerroundsofmanualchecks.

ENQUIRY NO. 7203


issues & iNsights

R eviewing the excellent recent growth of wireless field communications to monitor or gather data from smart field devices, you may have developed

the notion that the use of wireless is limited to existing process plants. Two recent studies show otherwise; wireless is very well suited to capital projects.

Wireless has already made a substantial impact with hundreds of successful installations in existing plants, but this technology definitely has a place in the design toolbox for new or upgrading of facilities as well. The most compelling reason is that wireless instrumentation can be implemented at a significantly lower cost than traditional wired systems without a loss of control capability or reliability.

Wireless SavingsA study by JDI Contracts of Cohasset, Minnesota (USA), working in conjunction with an engineering procurement contractor (EPC) and a major US chemical company, concluded that wireless devices could replace wired instruments for non-safety related low-speed control and monitoring applications on about 25 percent of the points in a proposed process plant.

A savings of about 10 percent was projected on the overall cost of engineering, construction, and startup when compared with those costs for wired HART enabled devices, the most prevalent method in use today.

According to Roger Hoyum, principal engineer of JDI Contracts, the largest cost contributors with wired systems are the conduit from junction boxes to field devices and labour for terminations, both of which are essentially eliminated with wireless. The cost of constructing wiring trays, cable, and labour becomes more significant in large plants with longer runs.

In addition, the study indicated certain variable time savings, the largest component of which is ‘interest during construction’. For example, starting up a major capital project just one day early can save as much as US$500,000 per day of capitalised interest cost, according to Mr Hoyum. Any improvement in the start-up date

Combining wireless with wired automation systems can save you money without sacrificing control capability or reliability. By Peter Zornio, chief strategic officer, Emerson Process Management

can obviously produce significant savings, and since the automation portion of projects is often subject to delays, reducing start-up and commissioning time is a major benefit.

Mr Hoyum said: “Our study complied with best practices required to meet owner objectives, schedule, and budget, as well as less tangible outcomes such as maintainability and ease of use. With a wireless infrastructure as a key component of new projects, we can simply deliver a better plant.”

Easy ImplementationIn a separate study, Emerson wireless consultants calculated that wireless devices could be used on up to 44 percent of all points. Using data from a near-6000-point actual greenfield project, savings of up to 36 percent on the cost of engineering and construction of the process automation system were made possible by utilising WirelessHART networks. The saving with wireless amounted to as much as US$1,376 per signal, or up to US$3.6 million, on the project under study without a loss of control efficiency.

Of

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EmErson:

Wireless ConduCtivity transmitter

In determining which wireless devices might reasonably replace wired instruments, the Emerson analytical team considered only technology that would be available by the end of 2010, and took the conservative position of including no feedback control points.

A substantial number of field devices met these criteria, including those for pressure and temperature measurements, discrete inputs, vibration monitors, position monitors, inputs from analytical instruments, and ‘stranded diagnostics’ on wired HART devices.

Costs for wireless in this study were based on Emerson’s Smart Wireless self-organising mesh technology, which meets the industry-approved WirelessHART standard. Each wireless device in such a network can act as a router for other nearby devices, passing messages along until they reach their designated wireless gateway. Interference is minimal, and transmission reliability is greater than 99 percent.

Flexible ApplicationNon-quantified savings resulting from the use of wireless on capital projects accrue from simplified engineering and training, less I/O capacity, the ability to mount devices in difficult-to-reach or remote locations, the ease of making temporary installations and late changes, and easy addition of future wireless points.

This study further supports wireless technology as a replacement for wiring to many instruments in an automation system, eliminating certain costs associated with running cables through, around, or under a dense infrastructure while not interfering with the primary process control function.

“Wireless is an important neW tool for use With hart and foundation fieldbus instruments in capital projects. it delivers savings, flexibility, and fast implementation.” RogeR Hoyum

Emerson Process Management has expanded its Smart Wireless analytical field instrument solutions with the WirelessHART contacting conductivity transmitter, the Rosemount Analytical Model 6081-C. Since more than half of end user liquid analytical applications require conductivity measurement, the wireless conductivity transmitter is an important addition to the recently introduced model 6081-P wireless pH/ORP transmitter.

The Model 6081-C is compliant with the WirelessHART communications standard making it fully compatible with a host of other wireless devices. All Emerson wireless devices, including the Model 6081-P and 6081-C, function in a self-organising network in which every wireless device in the network acts as a router for nearby devices.

ENQUIRY NO. 2701ENQUIRY NO. 7205

ENQUIRY NO. 7204

hroughout the industrial process control industry Safety Instrumented Systems are becoming high profile. Most companies have accepted that the

performance-based standards such as ANSI/ISA 84.01, IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 are here to stay and that conformance is not optional.

A growing number of instrumentation manufacturers have recognised the steadily increasing interest that this market has shown in bringing their plants into conformance with the standards. They have responded by introducing a wide range of products that are ‘suitable for use’ in Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). These products include sensors, transmitters, valves and valve positioners and a wide range of logic solvers.

Most users have little concern about being able to select a proper sensor, transmitter or valve positioner but when it comes to choosing from the vast array of logic solvers, they often do not know how to make a proper decision.

The problem is clear when you consider the range of choices for Logic Solvers that range from the relatively simple alarm trip architectures up through the wide variety of safety PLCs offered by about twenty different manufacturers. These PLC architectures cover the scale from simple one-out-of-one (1oo1) architectures up through triple and quadruple redundant systems with differing degrees of self-diagnostics.

With all of these choices, how is a control engineer supposed to pick the ‘best’ system for his project

Evaluation of Safety PLCs based on both technical requirements and commercial requirements are crucial when selecting one. By Mike Scott, VP, process safety, and Bud Adler, director, business development, process safety systems, AE Solutions

Safety PLCs:

ToolsHelpYou Choose

To

and / or plant standard? If he errors on the side of conservatism, he may cost his company tens of thousands of wasted dollars by selecting a more sophisticated system than is warranted by the application. And, even worse, a simplistic system may not be in conformance with the standards and could place human life at unnecessary risk. The problem is exacerbated when all factors of lifecycle costs are considered.

Issues To ConsiderThis paper will highlight a five step methodology, which can be applied to perform economic analysis on Safety Instrumented Systems to ensure the ‘best’ system has been selected.

1. Select an architecture for the SIS for evaluation (sensors, logic solver and final elements)

2. Perform SIL Calculations to determine Probability of Failure on Demand Average (PFDavg) and Mean Time To Fail Safe (MTTFS) based upon a given Functional Test Interval

3. Calculate Lifecycle Cost in terms of Net Present Value (NPV)

4. Calculate Benefit-to-Cost Ratio5. Repeat above steps for each possible SIS architecture

being considered for the project

Steps 1 and 2 represent tasks associated with the Safety Lifecycle and are typically already being per-formed by designers of Safety Instrumented Systems.


control point

Lifecycle CostLifecycle Cost is a technique that allows those responsible for system selection to consider all of the costs incurred over the lifetime of the Safety Instrumented System rather than just the initial purchase costs. This is especially important where the cost of equipment failure can be significant. The intent of this evaluation is to include all costs of procurement and ownership over the life span of the Safety Instrumented System.

Procurement costs represent costs that occur only once during life of the project. Operating costs occur over the life of the Safety Instrumented System and can be repetitive. Costs associated with system failure can dominate overall Lifecycle Costs.

A Lifecycle Cost evaluation can show one how to minimise overall cost of ownership by initially selecting the ‘best’ Safety Instrumented System architecture. The evaluation considers the costs for: design, purchase, installation, start-up, functional testing, energy, repair, a failure event, and lost production.

To obtain the complete Lifecycle Cost, all yearly operating costs are converted to ‘present value’. All future expenses are converted into their current valve, accounting for discount rate (interest / inflation).

Initial costs and the present yearly costs are added to obtain total Lifecycle Cost. The proposed architecture for each Safety Instrumented System should be evaluated for minimum Lifecycle Cost.

Benefit-To-Cost RatioAnother tool to determine if the ‘best’ Safety Instrumented System architecture has been selected is to calculate the ratio of benefits to costs on a financial basis. If the ratio is greater than one, the system is cost effective. For example if a system has a Benefit-to-Cost Ratio of 1.5, for every $1.00 invested, the system will return $1.50.

Therefore, the Benefit–Cost Ratio is as follows:

Where,B-C Ratio = The ratio of benefits to costFNo-SIS = The frequency of the unwanted event

without a SISFSIS = The frequency of the unwanted event with

a SISEVNo-SIS = The total expected value of loss of the

event without a SISEVSIS = The total expected value of loss of the

event with a SISCostSIS = The total lifecycle cost of the SIS

(Annualised)CostNT = The cost incurred due to nuisance trips

(Annualised)

In today’s competitive business environment sound financial justification of a project must be performed during the Safety Instrumented System conceptual design process. This should include a Lifecycle Cost Analysis as well as a Benefit-to-Cost Ratio Analysis. Significant savings could be realised by selecting the ‘best’ architecture.

Figure 1: Economic Analysis Flowchart

YesNo

No Yes

BenefitTo Cost >

1.0

LowestLifecycle

Cost?

SIS Conceptual Design Architecture Options

Perform SILCalculations (PFDavg)

Calculate Lifecycle

Calculate Benefit-to-Cost Ratio

Start

LifecycLe costsProcurement Costs Description

System Design Engineering costs associated with Front End Loading and Detailed Design

Purchase Cost of Equipment including Factory Acceptance Testing and shipping

Installation Construction costs associated with SIS

Start-up Commissioning, PSAT and Initial Functional Testing of SIS

Operating Costs Description

Engineering Changes Engineering costs associated with maintenance

Consumption Power, spares parts, instruments air, etc.

Maintenance Inspection, Functional Testing

Cost of System Failure Description

Lost Production Cost of lost production

Asset Loss Cost of lost equipment


ENQUIRY NO. 7301

Meeting Safety Requirements Designing your safety architecture and developing your safety application should be a simple part of your process.

With today’s technology, dedicated hardware modules (PLC controllers, digital I/O, analogue I/O) with advanced integrated diagnostics inside will help you. The safety PLC controllers of today include two processors of different brands and technologies, in which the program is executed in parallel. In case of any mismatch, the system is automatically shut down to the safe position.

With the same objective, new digital and analogue I/O modules are designed not only to offer a dual acquisition/controlling chain but also to perform continuous integrated self-testing. As a result, there is no need for double cabling or additional modules, nor the need of a specific algorithm.

Fo r m o r e s y s te m a n d architecture flexibility, the system will allow you to mix safety and non-safety related I/O within a single controller’s program, simply distributing the modules in the different remote I/O drops of the system. If even greater flexibility is required, you will also be able to split the safety part from the rest of the process.

Make Your Installation SafeToday’s PLCs feature a hot standby system, which showcase a processor that help meet two uncompromising challenges. Firstly, there is the need to secure people, the environment and your production assets by switching to a safe position in the event of system failure. While at the same time, the continuity of your process is paramount and you are faced with no other choice than to exclude downtime.

These safety systems ensures ma x imum ava i labi l i t y a nd reliability for a host of applications including:• EmergencyShutDown(ESD)• Boiler Protection Systems

(BPS)• FireandGasdetection(F&G)• BurnerManagement Systems

(BMS)

If you are looking for an even higher standard, the most stringent regulation requirements is the TÜV Rheinland SafetyCertificationExpert.Suchexpertscan be invited to join the whole R&Dintestingphase.

T he race to increase and maintain your competitiveness, is a fine balance between greater

productivity and safety factors such as the safety of personnel, plant/production tools, and also protection of the environment.

Over and above the statutory context, this approach is quite simply your duty as a responsible company.

Now, to face these challenges, it is essential that you select safetyPLCs,whichare IEC61508compliant, for use in critical processes to ensure the safety of personnel, plant and production tools, as well as the environment.

Certified

YourSafetY!Designing a safety architecture and developing a safety application is an integral part of the process. By Christophe Cornillon, product manager, Quantum Industry Business, Schneider Electric


cONtrOl pOiNt

ENQUIRY NO. 7302

MF SIAF10 ad Ind Auto Asia.indd 1 9/9/09 16:35:45

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software & Networks

O ne of the most critical topics to consider when it comes to supporting service providers

who utilise third party networks in buildings, is the remote manage-ment of the building network infrastructures. When discussing networks in buildings, there is a large spectrum of devices that may need to be monitored.

Many of these services may fall on one of the following categories: data services, Voice over IP (VoIP) services, or Television over IP (IPTV). There are other subcategories such as wireless communications, alarm systems, virtual tunnels and more.

The primary goal of remote management is to reduce cost, enhance service delivery, improve network uptime and standardise the processes and procedures in managing a network in a building.

Organisations that monitor these sites or buildings may also be known as Network Operation Centres (NOC) among many other names. The main purpose of a NOC is to provide support to the service provider’s end users and monitor all network infrastructure equipment. In this case, the net-work infrastructure company acts of behalf of the service provider by providing NOC support.

Network Operations CentreThe Network Operations Centre (NOC) provides around the clock services such as alarm surveillance for buildings, switches, data, and transport equipment, change control, performance analysis, software configuration, equipment testing and translations trouble shooting for contracting telco, enterprise, and end users (the service provider’s customers).

The NOC responds to troubles or alarms that are called in directly from the end user or its agents. Switch, transport, optical, VoIP, and data trouble conditions are resolved either by NOC’s remote

diagnostics and restoration capabilities or by referral to the end user- identified agents or by field technicians. The NOC monitors and controls all aspects of alarm/trouble recognition and resolution.

NOC procedures include:

• Event Notification The NOC tool prov ide s

automated, timely delivery and notification of network events. The network operations analyst receives indication of the status polling or network trap report

• Problem Identification The NOC attempts to identify the

problem by separating resulting symptoms from the source of the problem. In response to the event, the analyst will first develop a clear understanding of the type of problem involved.

• Fault Isolation The NOC will next determine the

point of failure or fault for the identified problem. Information is then gathered from multiple sources such as the network management system, element

Networks In Buildings:

A Central RoleRemote management of building network infrastructures is critical when it comes to supporting service providers who utilise third party networks. By Daniel Santos, (ATOG) network engineer, and Don Winn, VP, network operations centre, Connexion Technologies


ma na ge r to o l s or u se r hypotheses. This information is then analysed in an attempt to isolate the problem. Once fault isolation is determined, the NOC can proceed with steps necessary or escalate to the appropriate resources to resolve the problem.

• Problem Resolution A resolution is achieved when

the source of the problem has been accurately identified, corrected and no other failures or symptoms arise as a result of the correction, repair and/or replacement made.

The NOC becomes the central point of expertise, access, control and correlation of incidents to identify problems in the network that could affect end users in the building. NOC support is typically separated into two functions: incident and problem management.

• Incident Management The Incident Management

Team follows a troubleshooting met ho dolog y to ensu re consistent, reliable steps are taken to isolate network proble m s a nd e x p e d ite problem identification and resolution. In order to identify and isolate network problems, troubleshooting guidelines utilised by the NOC are based upon product technology.

The Incident Management Team supports provisioning of services; end user reported troubles and alarms provided through the operational support systems (OSS).

It is further divided by technologies and expertise and subdivided into end user touch and back office support positions. Both positions are built by skill set (tier I-III). Lower tier handles physical layer problems and single call failures

and the higher tier handles logical and transport layer problems and more complex outage issues.

The goal of the Incident Management Team is to restore the end user’s system to pre-outage performance levels in the shortest time possible, using all available means at their disposal.

• Problem Management The objective of the Problem

Management group is to ensure end user networks and network elements provide the highest possible grade of service by observing trends, monitoring service performance and degradations, resolving trouble indications and ensuring timely and accurate software configuration changes, backups, and routine patch application.

Each site’s performance and software status is reviewed routinely and compared to the operational objectives. Any exceptions are identified and documented for corrective actions.

The Problem Management Team focuses on root cause analysis and providing a fix to the problem that caused the initial incident. The team

will leave no stone unturned to ensure a final resolution is found by looking at the process and procedure around supporting the equipment along with analysing the logs, traps and alarms to determine how to fix the problem. They also work closely with the vendors and service providers to drive them to provide software and hardware repairs.

• NOCTools A nu mb e r o f d i f fe re nt

operational support systems (OSS) and element managers are connected to end user equipment to electronically collect and analyse various systems outputs and to report any anomalies and/or alarms as they occur.

A l l O S S s r e t a i n t h e collected data for a specified interval. Analysts monitor this information and systems generated reports for trends and indications of service or performance degradations that could identify developing maintenance issues before they affect end user service or SLA components.

A l l p otent ia l t rouble conditions are recorded and tracked in NOC’s trouble

Arm

in H

anis

ch, G

erm

any

Security management is one of the most critical areas of managing a building in a network


software & Networks

management system (TMS). The troubles are resolved by remote diagnostics, referral to the end user, referral to the vendor, or referral to end user’s service provider. The NOC monitors and controls all aspects of trouble recognition and resolution.

Each level of ser v ice a ssu ra nce ha s sp e c i f ic amounts of time to work on network element problems before the problem must be escalated. Escalation intervals are dependent on the severity of the trouble and are detailed in the appropriate end user interface documentation. A building will contain servers, applications, switches, routers, hubs, printers, faxes, wireless access points, video equipment and call servers.

One of the most innovative aspects of this system is that these sites are monitored remotely. There are many tools that have been developed for the network management and remote administration of these network infrastructure devices. Some of these tools may include Remedy, Clarify, Intermapper, Netcool, NAS, HP Openview and TTI-NetTrac.

To ensure the NOC is aware of the physical and logical inventory of equipment and protocols, a database and inventory system are critical to remote management.

The inventory has a portal to the Operational Support System (OSS) platforms which maps the equipment logically and physica l ly from the building and into the tools. Rules, thresholds and business logic can be built to allow for fault automation. World-class NOCs leverage tools and technology to correct faults remotely with little human intervention.

Remote ManagementThere are four major factors that are needed to ensure proper service is provided to monitor and provide the necessary support for the networks in multiple buildings.

1. A Network Operation Centre (NOC): Building infrastructure where all the subject matter experts in various technologies may monitor and support end user needs with the necessary resources to resolve any issue.

2. Network tools and resources: The tools and resources are the software and hardware required to ensure that all the subject matter experts can effectively monitor and troubleshoot network infrastructure devices. Resources may include access to vendors, manufactures and other subject matter experts in the industry. These resources may require valid contracts for technical support.

3. Subject matter experts: The personnel that work in the NOC and have different technical expertise.

4. Processes and procedures: The process which has taken the forefront in enterprise management is the information technology infrastructure library (ITIL). This process incorporates nine different methodolog ies that w i l l improve the mean time between failure (MTBF) and reduce the mean time to repair (MTTR). However, the following are five primary areas which have the largest impact on networks in buildings:

• Incidentmanagement is aservice interruption reported from either an alarm or end user trouble.

• Problem managementidentifies the root cause and fixes the problem so it does not create another incident, including building control measures into the process to ensure the fix action remains valid and working.

• Release management istypically a team of experts that can design, plan and ensure a change is implemented in a concise manner with limited or no.

• Cha nge ma na gementpertains to the enablement, deletion or movement of the service in the building. There are many types of authorisations that are required at this level to ensure the affect on the end user is minimised.

• Securitymanagementisoneof the most critical areas of managing a building in a network. This would include the policies and or rules designed to protect the end user, the alerts and how to deal with them and the advisories that are announced by the various vendors.

Network infrastructures in buildings have many parts that are necessary from its inception through its delivery up through the entire operation and maintenance phases. There may be many ways to manage a network infrastructure.

However, ensuring that there is a central operational location such as the Network Operations Centre (NOC) requires the dedication of many subject matter experts, a good infrastructure with the proper tools and resources that are dedicated in maintaining the organisations success.

ENQUIRY NO. 7303

too high for most of the potential in Wireless Sensor Networks WSN where energy harvesting is needed. For this reason, other, lower power standards have gained traction in WSN.

These other standards organisations in Europe and the USA are progressing standards that encompass such things as piezoelectric and vibration harvesting.

Here the only major success has been the EnOcean Alliance with about 150 companies involved with interoperable devices, mainly for use in buildings, and well over 500,000 of them installed.

• ZigBeeZigBee is already the leading standard for parts of the smart grid and the in-building wireless network market, and it already has the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) seal of approval. Almost all ZigBee applications rely on batteries. This is why the ZigBee Alliance will amend its standard to work with more energy-harvesting devices, possibly even battery free ones.

• EnOceanThe EnOcean Alliance, like the ZigBee Alliance, is a consortium

of companies whose energy-harvesting standard, also like ZigBee, is open, interoperable with existing standards — from TCP/IP to ZigBee itself. EnOcean has applied to the IEC to become an official global standard for energy-harvesting devices and, following great success in Europe, has started to gain traction in North America,

The ArgumentNot surprisingly, the ZigBee announcement has not been welcomed by the EnOcean Alliance. Even if ZigBee cannot lead to such low power long life devices, it can muddy the water and, in the view of EnOcean, perhaps infringe patents.

However, we are not neces-sarily seeing direct competition here. Zigbee Alliance is not standardising or developing harvested energy techniques. It is only creating extensions to the existing ZigBee stack that would permit OEMs to use a greater selection of available energy-harvesting solutions. Both sides agree that you cannot get enough power from energy harvesting to do all of the things that make ZigBee ZigBee.

Bottom LineEnergy harvesting can only become a multibillion dollar business if standards are created and interoperable equipment becomes more widely available. We see highest volume potential for multiple energy harvesting in single devices without batteries and offering twenty year life. For example, affordable, long-lived WSN networks with much more than 10,000 nodes are sorely needed.

Wireless Sensor Networks & Energy Harvesting Standards

ThEpotentially huge market for wireless sensor networks (WSN) that could involve billions of sensors needed on trees for forest fires, utility assets, buildings, pollution monitors and much more is being enabled by energy harvesters, new energy storage solutions and new ultra low power electronics. This can realise 20 year life sensors with no maintenance which is a typical target specification for the biggest potential applications.

However, critically, these systems need to be appropriately standardised for the industry to move beyond niche applications. The standardisation involves those making the various forms of energy harvesters - such as piezoelectric, thermoelectric and photovoltaic, to the new low power circuitry to wireless protocols. Standardisation is being approached from these different angles.

The ZigBee Alliance an-nounced in July 2009 that it will draft a standard for energy harvesting devices. ZigBee is a short range wireless protocol that uses less power than alternatives such as WiFi and Bluetooth but it has two limitations for energy harvesting - so far many devices are interoperable and secondly, the power consumed is still often

Energy harvesting can only become a multibillion dollar business if standards are created and interoperable equipment becomes more widely available. By Raghu Das, CEO, IDTechEx


ENQUIRY NO. 7304


instrumentation & measurement

D ue to the continuous cost pressure on the process industry less maintenance

people have to take care of much more analytical equipment in today process plants than in the past. Therefore, analyser equipment with no need for manual adjustments, regular inspection and frequent data validation is preferred.

Despite the requested hands-off operation, the analyser availability must be high and the data quality and integrity must be ensured, at any time. As the number of measuring points in a process plant is increasing the complexity to handle complex analytical systems consisting of several analyser technologies and their related sample conditioning systems is a challenge of its own.

Here, a consistent system interface for the parameterisation and operation of complete analyser systems reduces the demand on training on the individual technologies and offers a digital interface which allows for remote observation and control via a data network.

Modern Gas AnalysisGas analytical methods based on photometry and spectrometry are well established tools to derive precise concentration data of particular gaseous compounds in complex process gas mixtures even under very harsh process or environmental conditions, in real time.

Recent innovations lead to process gas analysers designs able to operate hands-off over months without any need for maintenance or calibration. Internal validation and adjustment routines allow to check and compensate for any zero and span drifts during operation. As a result maintenance intervals of several months can be realised before there is a need for calibration with test gases or by a reference method.

In the following two principle examples of modern gas analysis by means of photometry and spectrometry are given.

Modular Gas AnalyserThe fully modular design of extractive gas analysers allows an easy way towards customised solutions for almost any application

in process gas analysis. Analysers in 19” rack mount version field housings are available in particular for applications in hazardous areas, ex-zone 1 or 2. Here, the electronics are separated by a gas-tight seal from the analysis section.

The risk of damage to the electronics caused by any corrosive or aggressive gases that are being

New process gas analysers designs are able to operate hands-off over months without any need for maintenance or calibration. By Dr Michael Markus, manager business unit analysers, Sick Maihak

Gas Analysers:

Workers


analysed is thus ruled out from the start. A separate case purging system can optionally be used for even more ‘cleanliness’.

System housings without individual displays and keyboards offer a cost efficient option to integrate several analyser modules in a system cabinet which are parameterised and controlled via a central system controller device.

The basic 4-20 mA analogue outputs extractive gas analyser offers several binary I/Os as well as various digital data interfaces like a CAN-Bus for the link to the individual analyser modules and to I/O-modules for external com-munication, an Ethernet interface for the connection to an existing data network infrastructure or Modbus via a RS485 serial interface.

In-Situ AnalysersThe less maintenance the analyser technology itself needs the more the sample probe and conditioning system is the major source of cost over the lifetime of an analyser system.

Hence, analyser systems measuring in-situ directly in the process gas stream have an intrinsic advantage as they do not need any probing or sample conditioning system, at all. Additionally, they are mounted directly at the duct or stack and do not ask for analyser houses or shelters or heated sample lines to transport the process sample stream which reduces the total invest, significantly.

Process analysers measure in real time as any delay in the information on process relevant changes in the composition of a process gas can cause severe quality or safety problems. In-situ analysers are virtually free of delay times and allow fast loop process control.

I n e m i s s i o n monitoring sulphur

dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the tricky candidates to measure as they can react or become bonded with other concomitant substances while being transported through dirty filters or through extraction lines that are not optimally heated. This results in memory effects and reduced measuring values.

The focus of new in-situ gas analysers, however, is not just emission monitoring. The analyser also takes on a key role in process gas monitoring, additionally measuring ammonia in raw and scrubbed gas.

T he qu ick a nd pre c ise measurements enable optimum regulation of flue gas scrubbers even when there are high levels of dust. The in-situ gas analyser fulfils high demands in terms of measuring ease, is low in maintenance and takes on very difficult measurement conditions.

For DeNOx plants in particular the NO content is used for setting the NH3 injection levels and other parameters. Measurements are taken on the raw gas side in the 1,500 ppm range and on the clear gas side in around the 100 ppm range.

However, the measuring

conditions of a DeNOx plant are not particularly helpful. High temperatures and dust load levels of over 30g/m3 are the norm. A measuring probe perfectly shaped for gas flows and with a built-in optical analysis section is inserted from one side into the duct. Just a small measuring gap in the probe is enough to record the gas concentration levels.

For applications with high dust content the measuring gap is shielded with a ceramic filter. This keeps the measurement section free of dust and allows measurements to be taken even where dust concentration levels are extremely high. Probe-based measurement achieves response times of just a few seconds - ideal for regulating DeNOx plants.

The in-situ gas analyser utilises the gas duct as a measuring path. By using probe or cross-duct analysis a much more representative measurement is achieved than from a single spot sampling. As a result of doing away with any delays or undesired reactions during transport, the gases are analysed quickly, precisely and with no distortion.

This analysis strategy naturally also means that the analyser has to be installed right at the spot where measurements are to be taken. The in-situ gas analyser is equipped with automatic self-alignment in order to keep the analysis beam optimal on the detector even when faced with unsteady flues or changes caused by thermal movements.

Mounted up in the stack well above the process facility itself the in-situ gas analyser can often be operated without the need for explosion protection although a hazardous area is defined around the facility on the ground level. Anyway, explosion protection can be achieved by means of overpressure protection.

Fig 1: Two examples of system housings


iNstrumeNtatiON & measuremeNt

ENQUIRY NO. 7402

UV SpectrometryThe signal analysis is done across a broad spectral range in the UV region. Using the DOAS principle (differential optical absorption spectroscopy), the optimised analysis procedure seeks out in each case the best spectral lines for the measurement range and components concerned. This achieves a very high degree of measuring precision and signal dynamics.

It is possible to measure both small and large measurements extremely accurately using the identical device. In this way the in-situ gas analyser can also record higher measured values, eg in the event of a purification facility failing.

The device is equipped with a maximum of four gas components and can optionally also measure temperature and pressure. All in all, 16 outputs can be serviced.

The required measurement ranges for emission components can be mapped and at the same time other, differently scaled ranges can be used for control purposes.

This in-situ gas analyser is the first UV in-situ analyser for SO2 and NO to have been certified to be fully compliant with the European quality direct ive EN15267-3. The key factor here is that for the regularly required QAL3 tests the analyser needs no test gas. An integrated filter wheel automatically tests drift and function.

The built-in Ethernet interface of the in-situ gas analyser enables a service engineer to check the device from the desktop PC in his office or from any other Laptop PC in the corporate network or via modem and portal.

All of the most important data, status reports and measurements can be accessed over the network link. Technical support by means of remote diagnosis and the new modular product concept for fast on-site servicing are two genuine innovations that bring major customer benefits.

Sick’s Defor utilises gases’ optical characteristics within

the ultraviolet spectral range and analyses up to three measured components like SO2, NO2, CL2, NH3, CS2, H2S und COS, simultaneously, even in very small ranges. There are no cross sensitivities in respect of CO2 or H2O.

Sick:

ExtractivE Uv Gas analysEr

It utilises an electrode-less discharge lamp which emits both NO-specific and other wide-band rays. Using interference and gas filters, optimum measurement and comparison wavelengths related to the gas component are then selected inside the thermostatic filter wheel

Fig 2: The modular concept

ENQUIRY NO. 7401

UV lamp

Filterenclosure

Collimatorlense Beam

splitter Mirror

Referencecuvette

Measuringcuvette

Calibrationunit

Detector

DetectorFilter wheels

Gas supplymodule

Sensor module 3 eg DEFOR

Sensor module 2 eg OXOR-P

Sensor module 1 eg THERMOR

s module

CANopen

SCU (System Control Unit)

I/O modulePower supply unit

unit. These rays are directed onwards to detectors via the analysis and reference cells. A quotient is formed per detector from the obtained signal levels and these are then compared with each

other. This double quotient formation compensates not only for any proportional signal drifts, but also any symmetric drifts.

ENQU

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SECTOR SPOTLIGHTSECTOR SPOTLIGHT

PROCESS

SAFETYIn Specialty Chemicals

New standards offer more choices for integrating safety and process control. By Art P Pietrzyk, Rockwell Automation


h e sp e c i a l t y c h e m ic a l industry is facing a number of difficult challenges, including

increasingly stringent safety and compliance mandates, higher energy and feedstock prices, and aging plants and equipment – all intensified by global competition. Compounding these challenges is the expanding breadth of specia lty chemical product categories, forcing manufacturers to dedicate major resources and continuously innovate to maintain market share and capitalise on new opportunities.

Despite the size of the industry and the increase in worldwide

A spill of a toxic agent or explosion could be hazardous to a population within a plant or the surrounding area. One growing area of focus in recent years is the critical value of safety in protecting people, and helping safeguard the environment and plant assets, as well as reducing lifecycle costs.

This article explores how changes in industry standards and technology developments are expanding how safety systems are applied in specialty chemical applications. It also examines the operational and competitive advantages driving the trend toward separate yet interoperable safety

typically take a life-cycle approach in clarifying how to implement an effective process to identify hazards. This is where the HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) analysis often plays an important role in the process design.

Central to the HAZOP is assessing the risk associated with the hazard. Unlike machinery assessments, risk assessments in specialty chemical applications employ a vaster, more encompassing focus due to the potential for accidents to impact a much wider area, such as an entire facility or community.

Performed by a multidisciplinary team, the HAZOP analysis identifies

demand for all types of specialty chemicals, margins must be managed closely due to rising costs, more demanding customers, and the fact that all products – no matter how innovative – eventually go off-patent and face stiff competition.

While operating a chemical plant is tough business, opportunities exist for companies to optimise their investments and improve both productivity and their financial performance.

Value Of SafetyRisks prevail wherever people store, process or handle hazardous or toxic materials. In the specialty chemical industry, these risks are compounded because the hazard has the potential to impact numerous people.

and process control platforms with common development tools. These benefits include reduced life cycle costs, expanded access to process data and improved plant-wide integration.

Changing Requirements Safety is not a new issue for specialty chemical manufacturers, but industry standards, such as IEC 61511, include specific performance and life-cycle criteria that quantify system reliability through failure rates. These failure rates are based on three key criteria: fault detection, fault tolerance and PFDd (Probability of Failure on Demand), which quantifies dangerous undetected failures.

Risk assessment processes defined within these standards

hazards and operability problems, and investigates and considers how the plant might deviate from the design intent. This systematic, highly structured assessment relies on HAZOP guide words and team brainstorming to generate a comprehensive review and help make sure proper safeguards against accidents are in place.

A risk analysis is integral to this process to quantify the level of risk in terms of severity of consequence, frequency of exposure and probability of avoidance. The risk

Until recently, users had little choice other than to use separate, independent and diverse systems for control and safety


sectOr spOtlight

assessment quantifies the risk into one of four possible Safety Integrity Levels (SILs). The designated SIL represents the amount of safety that must be available to mitigate the risk.

Once the different hazards have been identified, the next step is to determine a way to help reduce the risk within those hazards to a tolerable level. A variety of ways exist to do this as outlined in standard IEC 61511.

For example, one effective way to reduce risk is through Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA). The method starts with data developed in the HAZOP and accounts for each identified hazard by documenting the initiating cause and the protection layers that prevent or mitigate the hazard.

T he LOPA methodolog y allows the determination of the appropriate SIL for the Safety Instrumented Function (SIF).

Safety Control Challenges Specialty chemical manufacturers employ many types of control systems that continuously manage parameters, such as temperature, flow, pressure, weight and viscosity. Plants need to keep some processes going for practical and financial reasons.

For example, shutting down a distillation column could cause the liquid to fall to the bottom and solidify, damaging expensive process equipment. Therefore, critical devices – such as exhaust fans, pumps, valves and motors – must remain on if the Basic Process Control System (BPCS) fails.

Since processes can create hazardous situations when they are out of control, the BPCS – historically a DCS, but today possibly a Process Automation System (PAS) – may not be able to keep the process under control in the event of a failure. This is where the Safety Instrumented System

(SIS) comes into play. The goal of the SIS is to maintain

control, and if necessary, shut down the process in an orderly way that protects the people, equipment, and plant, as well as helps minimise production losses. Common types of safety systems include emergency shutdown, fire and gas monitoring, critical process control, burner management, and turbo machinery control.

Since the goal is to maintain process control , ma x imum availability is a core requirement of safety instrumented systems. High availability from a process controls perspective simply means that the control system will be available to perform its function. This is regardless of changing conditions or operational malfunctions.

The system is designed to tolerate failures, allow changes, repairs and replacements without significantly affecting the mission. The designer must accept the fact that components and system might fail, and design the application around this assumption.

However, even the most robust system might not be the most available. To achieve maximum availability, a system must be easier

to troubleshoot, modify and repair during the life of its mission, which could exceed a decade or more.

Additional features that can keep the control system on its high availability mission, such as state-based control and self-learning diagnostic routines, improve the controller’s ability to detect, annunciate and describe problems within the process.

For many applications, the ability to maintain and revise the system without shutting down offers an acceptable level of availability, especially if the change or repair can be made quickly.

Cr it ica l process control applications are those in which the process must be maintained during a fault state to help minimise the potential for loss of life, damage to the environment or loss of production.

Triple Modular Redundant ( TMR) technolog y of ten is employed to achieve the highest level of fault tolerance and safety. These systems are designed with three parallel systems running in a redundant design. All three systems process the input information and vote to affect a result.

That is, a two-out-of-three vote is required to effect a change or stop a process. The system is capable of running in a reduced safety state if under a faulted

condition and must be repaired, or if the process must be systematically shutdown.

The redundancy require-ments encompass more than

the logic solver. They include all of the elements that make up the SIS

including input devices (sensors, switches, instrumentation) and output devices (pump motors, valves and other actuators).

All must be selected to meet the required SIL level for the safety loop or function Safety instrumented system must include measures that can detect a failure of one of the critical control elements.

The desire for better informa-tion sharing and coordination is driving specialty chemical companies toward more inte-grated platforms


ENQUIRY NO. 7501

Measures such as redundancy, self-monitoring, crosschecking, testing and diagnostics typically are employed in the SIS.

More Control Choices The primary function of a BPCS is to hold specific process variables and parameters to predetermined levels in a dynamic environment. An SIS, on the other hand, is static, waiting to take action to bring the process to a safe state when the process is out of control and the BPCS is unable to do so.

As a result, manufacturers traditionally implemented BPCS and SIS as separate systems, with separate operator interfaces, e ng ine er ing work stat ion s , configuration tools, data and event historians, and network communications. Life-cycle costs, such as spare parts, support, training, maintenance, and service usually are higher with this approach.

Nevertheless, many good reasons remain to put safety and control functions in different controllers. They include: • Independent failures: minimising

the risk of simultaneous failure of a BPCS along with the SIS

• Physical separation: preventing changes in a BPCS from causing any change or corruption in the associated SIS

• Different requirements: an SIS is normally called on only in the event the BPCS fails. An SIS needs to have higher levels of security and typically doesn’t change much once it’s implemented, unlike a BPCS, which is usually designed for accommodating changes

For years, DCSs have been the staple platform for process control, delivering powerful, reliable service. But as these systems age, manufacturers are faced with the arduous task of maintaining proprietary, dedicated hardware

and software platforms. These systems lack multi-disciplined control capabilities.

To meet e f f ic iency a nd profitability goals, companies need systems that can help meet the diverse control applications within their facilities, including sequence, process, batch and drive control, along with the ability to integrate with informa-tion systems.

Until recently, users had little choice other than to use separate, independent and diverse systems for control and safety. Some users even required the BPCS and SIS be supplied from different vendors.

Today, however, users are finding a number of business and financial reasons for using more integrated platforms for safety and process control in their plants.

For example, PASs offer a more cost-effective solution because of their ability to provide a common infrastructure with common bases or tag bases, alarms and events, networks, software and development tools. This helps simplify asset management and reduce operation, maintenance and training costs.

Specialty chemical manu-facturers today need improved information flow across the enterprise, with the ultimate goal of controlling or reducing life-cycle costs. Perhaps the biggest advantage of integrating the process control platform is the potential for expanded information sharing capabilities between BPCS and SIS.

The ability to leverage the data streaming from the plant floor is increasingly critical in today’s competitive environment – particularly in the specialty chemical sector where production must be tightly integrated as part of the supply chain so companies can be as efficient and productive as possible.

The Technology Forefront Advances in control technology now allow companies to combine the reliability advantages of DCS technology and safety control without the historic limitations tied to each. Some BPCS and SIS suppliers offer common systems for both functions that incorporate the same configuration tools, programming software and components.

The key is to help make sure the two systems are functionally separated, but share common hardware, software, and networks. This allows users to achieve the operational benefits of a common platform while meeting the functional safety requirement for separation.

The desire for better information sharing and coordination is driving specialty chemical companies toward more integrated platforms. But not all control platforms are created equal. Likewise, not all specialty chemical companies are at the same stage in their control system lifecycles where one solution will meet their diverse needs.

Still, it’s important that the BPCS and SIS you deploy offer the necessary attributes to contribute to a more cost-efficient, information-enabled environment.

One growing area of focus in recent years is the critical value of safety in protecting people


ENERGY

A green building is a structure that is designed, constructed, renovated, operated, or

reused based on a philosophy of ecological and resource effi ciency (energy, water, and materials), while reducing overall impact to the environment and protecting occupant health, throughout the building’s lifecycle.

According to the United Nations Population Fund, more than half the world’s population now live in cities, with five billion urban dwellers by 2030.

Most of the new urban growth will occur in smaller towns and cities, which have fewer resources to respond to the magnitude of the change. Seen in this perspective, green buildings have become popular in recent years due to heightened environmental

consciousness amid rapid global urbanisation.

High Energy ConsumptionBuildings in the US and European Union used 40 percent of the total energy consumed, according to various estimates. Of the total amount of water consumed per day in the United States, 38 percent of the total amount of carbon dioxide and 12.2 percent can be attributed to buildings.

According to the Asia Business Council (ABC), buildings account for 30 percent of the world’s total energy consumption and a similar percentage of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. Asia’s buildings share of global energy consumption doubled in 30 years, but more than half of all future growth will occur in China and India.

The ABC also estimates that green buildings can reduce 1.8 billion tonnes of CO2 per year, close to three times the amount scheduled for reduction under the Kyoto Protocol. Considering these statistics, reducing the amount of natural resources buildings consume and the amount of pollution given off is seen as crucial for future sustainability.

Green building is a concept that incorporates a wide spectrum of solutions, best-practices and technologies. Green building brings together a vast array of practices and techniques to reduce and ultimately eliminate the impacts of buildings on the environment and human health. It can use renewable energy technologies such as solar photovoltaics and wind turbines, or less sophisticated techniques such

With the rising tide of environmentalism, green buildings will be the norm in eco-cities of the future. By Augustine Quek

Green Buildings:

PROTECTINGT

HEEnvironment


as plants and trees on green roofs to beautify and cool buildings.

Green SoftwareMuch of the work involved in realising a green building is during the design and planning stage, where the various green components are integrated without conflict and functioning smoothly after construction is completed.

Dedicated software is available for specialised modeling of green building designs. Building information modeling (BIM) is a process to create and analyse design alternatives and better predict performance in terms of energy use, water use, daylighting, and other key factors. Visualisation of the model provides insight into the effect of design decisions on the actual experience of the space in terms of light and thermal comfort.

The United States Department of Energy (DOE) has a webpage dedicated to green building modelling tools. US DOE’s Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy division has a building software tools directory of building analysis software, with scores of programs covering everything from whole-building analysis to fenestration, life-cycle analysis, hydronic heating, and multi-building analysis.

Automating Green BuildingsSimulating a building before it’s built is only the beginning. The next crucial step is to ensure that its usage, operation and maintenance have minimal environmental impact. While many different components are involved in a green building, one tool that can help ensure that a building remains green after it is built is a building automation system (BAS).

A BAS automatically controls systems within a facility that use energy and/or affect the indoor environment. When properly integrated into a facility, a BAS can help to optimise energy,

automation companies such as Honeywell, Rockwell, Siemens, Advantech etc.

BACnet was originally developed by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) in 1987. It is an open standard protocol that can easily be extended to new devices and has now become an American national standard, a European standard, and an ISO global standard. Many vendors’ systems can now be integrated into BACnet in a green building automation system.

Green vs Energy EfficiencyA common misconception is that energy efficient buildings are also green buildings. While energy efficiency is an integral part of a sustainable building, other methods of reducing t he environmental impacts such gardens, rainwater

Case study 1:

Poh Ern Shih TEmPlE

Poh Ern Shih, a 55 year old temple in

Singapore, uses at least three forms of renewable energy, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, and wind.

I t s so l a r photo -voltaics, a combination of crystalline, amorphous and thin-film, spread across various roofs, produces a combined power of

15 megawatts (MW) of electricity annually. Seven solar water tanks also provide hot water at 70°C for showering and cooking. It also has plans to install micro-hydro generators to capture energy from the flow of water from 25 metres of elevation.

In addition, passive lighting is used in the

temple’s lower levels during the day through solartubes that contains magnifying mirrors. Other features include treatment of rainwater from its many storage tanks through a reverse-osmosis and ultraviolet system, and recycling of urine as fertilisers for its butterfly gardens.

ENQUIRY NO. 7601

operations and indoor comfort over the entire lifetime of the building. Besides minimising the building’s environmental impact, such benefits can also minimise operation and maintenance costs and improves occupants’ comfort and productivity.

A typical BAS comprises three major components: workstations, supervisory controllers and application controllers. The workstations function as a control centre, which can monitor and intervene in the facility operations.

The supervisory controllers communicate to the field devices and handle such actions as interlocking, scheduling, trending (obtaining data on energy use throughout the building, etc) and other forms of programmed functions, while the application controllers, also called device level controllers, control the functions of the various systems throughout the building based on input from the supervisory controllers.

These components require very little space and can typically be integrated into any building design without any special design requirements.

Examples of BAS include BACnet, a data communication protocol for building automation and control networks, and other BAS from

Energy efficient light bulbs are one way of lowering energy consumption

Jason Antony, C

anada


eNergy

only one percent of all buildings in Singapore are currently green buildings. Of these, only 31 out of 307 rated buildings achieved a platinum rating, the highest possible Green Mark category. One possible reason is the issue of costs.

A recent survey by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development finds that green costs are overestimated by 300 percent, as key players in real estate and construction estimate the additional cost at 17 percent above conventional construction, more than triple the true average cost difference of about five percent.

Therefore, the Building and Construction Authority in Singapore has released a slew of initiatives this year to boost the proportion of green buildings in Singapore to 80 percent by 2030.

ENQUIRY NO. 7602

harvesting and waste recycling are also important.

Worldwide, about two dozen countries have already had green building assessment standards, such as the LEED in the US, Green Star in Australia and Green Mark in Singapore.

According to Dr Ken Yeang, a Malaysian architect and ecologist, a green building is not just about eco-technology or accreditation. Green buildings need to integrate human activities with the natural environment in a seamless and benign way. His ideal building is modelled on the dynamics of nature, generating energy from the sun and wind, be increasingly efficient with energy use and support an increasingly diverse ecological system.

One of Yeang’s work, Solaris, a 15-storey multi-tenanted facility in Singapore, is a sustainable building. A solar shaft brings light into the building, with a day-lighted grand

Green buildings can use technologies such as solar photovoltaics

A survey by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development finds that green costs are overestimated by 300 percent

ENQUIRY NO. 7603

Case study 2:

PTm GrEEn EnErGy officE BuildinG

A good example of a green building that

uses passive and active energy efficient elements and renewable energy is the PTM Green Energy Office Building (GEO) in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Its energy consumption of 65 kWh/m2year is much lower than a typical con-ventional office building in Kuala Lumpur of 250 to 300 kWh/m2year.

The design of the building includes double glazing, twin-planed glass windows installed on facade, facing north and south. These windows filter heat from both infrared

and ultraviolet rays from the sun radiation before entering the building interior, providing natural light while reducing heat.

The building’s cooling system is a combination of radiant cooling and air convection system. The radiant cooling comes from the low temperatures of the floor slabs, which are cooled by the air at night. Ice is also accumulated at night in ice storage tanks. During the day, these provide cooling sources, distributed by the building’s control system to the radiant cooling and air convection system respectively.

The Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system provides almost 50 percent of the building’s electrical needs. Energy efficient T5 tube electrical lighting was installed for the entire building.

Energy efficient office equipment is used such as shared centralised printers, wireless network and energy efficient centra l ised servers . The entire building is controlled with a Building Energy Management System where all building’s system operat ion is controlled automatically.

atrium and sun shading devices on the exterior. Its continuous spiraling landscape includes gardens that start from the ground floor and end in roof gardens, reducing solar gain and improving its rainwater harvesting. Natural ventilation, waste separation and recycling and a BAS system are also incorporated.

According to The Straits Times,

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Frost & sullivan’s end-user study, Voice of the Customer: Perceptions and Behaviors toward Building Illumination Markets research measures APAC consumers’ brand awareness, brand perceptions, current usage, consumers’ willingness to pay for building illumination p ro d u c t s , a n d f e a t u re s deemed important in building illumination/light bulb products. This research surveyed building illumination owners/consumers within Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, and Thailand.

Although this research surveyed air conditioner owners within seven countries of the APAC region, many manufacturers of air conditioners distribute across APAC and beyond, whilst some do not distribute their products within all surveyed countries. Some brands heavily influence the entire region findings by individual country awareness, preferences and ownership results.

Brand AwarenessThe most commonly known and owned building illumination

brand in the APAC region is Philips. However,

in Japan and South Korea, Panasonic and O s r a m a r e

brands known and preferred respectively. Other top brands like Panasonic, GE and Osram are known, preferred, and owned according to country analysis, though not necessarily across the entire APAC region.

Overall, unaided awareness is low among all building illumination product brands surveyed although a preferred communication mode is through in store displays, which allow

building illumination features surveyed similarly, as most features are perceived as being at least ‘somewhat important’. Energy efficiency and long life are rated most important.

It is noteworthy that APAC consumers consider energy efficiency and long life as important considerat ions as the basic function of light bulbs – to provide light. This indicates that APAC consumers are environmentally and/or cost conscious. Conversely, brand name is of little importance to most consumers.

Overall, it appears most APAC consumers have transitioned from incandescent light bulbs to more energy efficient fluorescent light bulbs (fluorescent tubes/bulbs and compact fluorescents, known as CFL bulbs). However, fluorescent tubes/bulbs are more popular than CFL bulbs.

Most APAC consumers are

APAC consumers consider energy efficiency and long life as important considerations when buying light bulbs. By Tonya Fowler, global director, customer research team, Frost & Sullivan

Shedding Light On The Building Illumination Market

consumers to see the effects of building illumination products first-hand.

What Consumers WantAmongst important building illumination features surveyed in this study included energy efficiency, brightness, long life, price, availability and brand name.

According to the survey, consumers consider the various

willing to pay up to 10 percent extra for energy efficient light bulbs. Specifically, the majority of consumers surveyed in Indonesia, Malaysia, and South Korea with the exception of Thailand, are willing to pay extra for energy efficient light bulbs. Beyond 10 percent however, significantly fewer consumers appear willing to commit.


ENQUIRY NO. 7604

“It Is InterestIng that In our other aPaC Consumer researCh of varIous other In-home use ProduCts suCh as aIr-CondItIoners and aIr PurIfIers, energy effICIenCy emerges as the toP feature sought by Consumers.” Tonya Fowler


eNergy

IAA: What are the major factors that contribute to energy wastage in buildings?

Christoph Conrad: The problem starts during the design and build phase. In most cases, life-cycle costs are not a consideration during the procurement process.

Investing in an effi cient heating and lighting system right from the beginning might be more expensive. But here, we are talking about a 3-5 year ROI phase, and a reduced energy consumption of up to 40 percent, compared to using ‘normal’ heating and lighting.

The amount of energy consumed by any equipment or system is very much dependent on its operation, and the interaction between different components within the building. In order to make the right decisions on how to counteract the energy wastage in a building, it is essential to fi rst have a full transparency of the energy fl ow within the building. This is the basefl oor to optimise the energy effi ciency in a building.

Christoph Conrad, senior VP, Building Life Cycle Management, Building Technologies, Sector Industry, Siemens tells IAA why maximising energy effi ciency in buildings is so important. By Derek Rodriguez

All new Siemens buildings, such as The Siemens Center in Beijing, China, will consume 25 percent less energy than local standards

Building Towards ASustainableFuture

Christoph Conrad



IAA: What are some of the ways to maximise energy efficiency in buildings? Is energy efficiency more dependent on the types of instruments/lights/ products used or is it more than that?

CC: To maximise energy efficiency in buildings, it is absolutely necessary to have a building life-cycle cost consideration at the start of the building project, instead of trying to minimise the initial investment. In addition, to reach maximum energy efficiency, it is a must to create an ongoing transparency of monitoring the building. Based on that we can decide if energy efficient equipment (eg new lighting systems requires up to 80 percent less energy) ought to be installed, or if a total building energy management process is required.

To have a green and sustainable building concept, we need more than just green products. We can liken this to an orchestra – where the key element is not just the performance of a single musician. It is the integration and collaboration of all the musicians, guided by an excellent conductor. This is how we perceive building automation to be and why we invest a lot in the implementation of ‘total building solutions’ to optimise the building behaviour.

IAA: How much savings, in terms of energy and money, can customers expect in employing energy efficient techniques?

CC: This depends of course on status quo, age, technical equipment of the building, and the possible investment and efficiency approach. Additional considerations are the operator qualification, user motivation and the intended energy concept.

In some cases, we have seen savings of up to 40 percent. The average value is in the range of 25 percent. In some cases we have been able to optimise the energy consumption in a 3 year old building by 30 percent, just by adjusting the installed equipment.

In total we have completed more than 1,500 energy efficiency projects worldwide over the past 10 years and helped our customers achieve close to €2 billion (US$2.9 billion) in energy savings. Worldwide, we have significantly reduced energy consumption and CO2 for hospitals, schools, public facilities, multi-unit housing complexes, etc.

IAA: Considering the cost of your services and other costs, what is the estimated time frame that customers can recoup their investment in?

CC: From an economic standpoint, it usually depends on the cost of energy from the original source such as the main power grid, coal, oil, etc. If the original cost is

Assisted by Siemens, the

Shanghai Yangpu government building has

achieved a CO2 emission reduction

of close to 600 tonnes a year

very high, then the economics of green technologies may be more appealing.

On the other hand, from a climate protection standpoint, using green technologies is sometimes dependent on the desire of the private sector to model a sound environmental policy versus public sector organisations that need to adhere to certain legislation or mandate to reduce the carbon footprint of their facilities.

IAA: Is it difficult to convince someone of the need to be energy efficient, especially in Asia where customers might not be receptive to the idea?

CC: Our clients all have concerns and focus on ecological issues regardless of country of origin. It is of course always a question of investment and payback. That is why we offer from the beginning a total life-cycle-cost consideration and see ourselves as a partner to the customer in this process.

Some countries have more strict mandates or legislation regarding CO2 emissions and energy efficiency while others provide the framework for their corporate citizens within which to operate. IAA: What other barriers are there in employing energy efficiency?

CC: Regardless of the economic conditions, we believe customers and the general public continue to be concerned about the environment and climate change. And in general, many businesses will weigh the economics of doing a green or energy efficiency project with the return on their investment.

But there are also many corporations committed to doing whatever is necessary to minimise their carbon footprint, reduce energy consumption, and lessen the impact to the environment. And we are convinced that today’s technical solutions available can solve the climate challenges to a large extent.


eNergy

ENQUIRY NO. 7603

IAA: How can large technology companies such as Siemens promote awareness for the need to save energy, not just because it makes sense economically, but also to be more environmentally conscious?

CC: Innovation is the strongest lever to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Many of the technologies needed are already available today. And the best way of promotion is always to show proof that they work.

Siemens launched a ‘Green Building Initiative’ which ensures that all new Siemens buildings will consume 25 percent less energy than local standards, and reduce energy-consumption by 20 percent reduction by 2011. The long term goal is to develop a zero-energy standard for our buildings in the future.

IAA: Which countries will the CoC in Singapore cater to?

CC: The CoC in Singapore is an expertise hub and offers professional consulting and implementation support for energy efficiency in buildings and gives guidance and support to local Siemens representatives dealing with energy efficiency. It is closely interlinked with all CoCs worldwide to ensure top quality for our global customers.

From the Singapore hub we will support South Korea, China, Taiwan, Australia, Hong Kong and India. The CoC does not replace the need of a local presence in the country. The CoC will provide trainings and special know-how to guarantee and to expand this know-how in the countries it serves.

Singapore: Siemens has unveiled a Centre of Competence (CoC) Asia Pacific for Building Life Cycle Manage-ment. Based in Singapore, the CoC provides expertise to monitor and navigate through the entire life-cycle of buildings to help building owners to maximise the performance, efficiency and sustainability of buildings.

The team of energy experts at the CoC will provide coaching and support for the promotion and implementation of energy efficiency. They will help building owners maximise efficiency for all facilities

by focusing on entire building life cycle, from initial design and build, through operate and maintain, to renew and revitalise.

A key feature of the CoC is its Advantage Operational Center (AOC), a remote energy monitoring and analysis facility where energy data of multiple building sites are continuously collected for expert studies and reviews. The first centre of its sort in Asia Pacific, the AOC runs on a web-based platform that allows for energy usage and building automation system information to be conveniently

and securely accessed and analysed. With the information collected,

the AOC makes recommendations to customers to help them maximise their energy savings. Following the analysis and recommendations, the CoC can support customers in the implementation of energy saving programs. The team of energy experts can even structure appropriate financing schemes for customers’ energy saving projects. The comprehensive portfolio of the CoC helps facilities achieve maximum efficiency.

IAA: Does opening the CoC signal an intent to get more of a foothold in the region?

CC: It is the responsibility of an innovative company like Siemens to be even more attractive to its customers in Asia Pacific due to significantly enhanced position in the field of outstanding customer support.

The CoC is a commitment of our long term investment in the field of energy expertise for buildings in Asia Pacific. It will continue to evolve and expand, in close alignment with our customer needs.

IAA: What, in your opinion, is the energy technology that is the most promising at the moment?

CC: The future in Building Automation belongs to Smart Buildings. It will be a challenge to consider the building as an active energy component within the total concept of smart production, smart grid and smart consumer.

Growing customer demands for open, interoperable subsystems, along with widely available, high-speed information-technology networks, have fueled the transformation of the building- automation sector.

And in the face of the mega trends of demographic change and urbanisation, an intelligent energy management system in a building will play a very central role in the management of new and existing cities.

ENQUIRY NO. 7605

ENQUIRY NO. 7606

SiemenS SetS Up Centre Of COmpetenCe

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features

W hen Christopher Columbus made his f irst voyage to the new world in 1492,

he was travelling in a carrack, a sailing ship. A lot has changed since then. In shipbuilding, metal, especially steel has overtaken wood as the main material for construction.

The modern shipping industry is large. This industry involves huge capital, wide workforce and technology. The process of shipbuilding is also lengthy in terms of time taken and there are many other ancillary industries associated with shipbuilding as suppliers.

As such, from the technology point of view, modern shipbuilding has adopted new techniques and technology to make the process a more e f f ic ient one. The industry also saw most activities transferred to Asia with South Korea emerging as the powerhouse of shipbuilding.

Shipbuilding CapitalAccording to Korea Times, South Korea has retained its number one position in shipbuilding nation in terms of new orders, order backlogs and volume of vessels built in 2008.

Home to seven of the world’s top 10 shipyards, some 17.5 million compensated gross tonnes in new orders were won last year, accounting for 41.1 percent of all global new orders. Chinese shipbuilders took the second spot with orders totalling 14.9 mill ion Compensated Gross Tonnes (CGTs) last year, outpacing Japanese rivals, which won a combined 4.89 million CGTs.

Clarkson, a London-based market researcher said that South Korean shipbuilders’ combined order backlogs totalled 67.7 million CGTs, making up nearly 35.8 percent of 189.2 million CGTs in global backlogs. China followed with 60.73 million CGTs.

Metalworking processes are a big part of shipbuilding as the industry undergoes the process of renewal. By Joson Ng

The Work To Sea WorthinessLike anywhere else in the world, with metal as the chief building material for shipbuilding, the relationship between metalworking and shipbuilding is a very close-knit one. Not just that, improvements in metalworking also creates benefit in shipbuilding.

For instance, weld seam facing tools can reduce or eliminate the need for manual grinding of weld reinforcements on the DDG 1000 class of ships (military vessel).

The manual weld removal is slow, which increases shipbuilding costs, and the repetitive nature of hand grinding causes frequent injuries (eg, carpal tunnel, eye, back) and costly medical expenses. The cost savings from using weld seam facing technology for removal of butt welds alone on DDG 1000 is estimated at US$750,000 per hull.

The preproduction tools remove the weld automatically at a minimum rate of 20 feet per hour

StayingShipbuilding:

Afloat


features


The relationship between metalworking and shipbuilding is a very close-knit one

ENQUIRY NO. 7701

versus the current rate of three feet per hour. The tool is capable of removing the majority of weld reinforcement height with minimal or no further hand grinding.

Apart from grinding, tube bending is another process found in shipbuilding. With tubes in today’s shipyard ranging up to 220mm in diameter and 12mm in wall thickness, a variety of large CNC bending machines are required to support the demand of the ship building industry.

Bending tubes with thick wall bending requires applying pressures in tones down the column of the pipe while bending. This is done in order to prevent unnecessary wall thinning of the pipe wall on the various types of material used.

Though machining is heavily featured in the construction of marine engines and shipbuilding, metrology is also a big part of that industry. Structural analysis

is an important step before commissioning a ship.

These simulations incorporate pressures causes by waves and the movement of the ship as well as the hydrostatic pressure applied to the ship. Climatic conditions are taken into considerations as well.

In addition, stress concentrations are studied using a finite element analysis model to complement structural analysis.

Whether is it design, assembly, pre-outfitting and other shipbuilding processes, metalworking has a stake every step of the way.


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features

he FDI concept is based on the client-server architecture model. In an architecture of this

kind, a server provides services that various clients (usually distributed) access. A popular client-server architecture is the Internet, for example.

In the F DI c l ient- ser ver architecture, an FDI server provides access to the ‘information model’. The information model maps the communication topology of the automation system by representing the ent i re communicat ion infrastructure and the field devices as objects. In concrete terms, this means that the data, functions and user interface of field devices are mapped in the information model.

FDI clients then access the information model via the FDI server in order to load the user interface of the field device and display it on the client side, for example. If the user now uses the user interface to change parameters of the field device, the client transfers these back to the information model. In addition, FDI clients can also access the device parameters in the information model without a device-specific user interface (eg for condition monitoring).

The data, functions and user interfaces of the FDI server that have to be represented in the information model are defined by the device manufacturer by means of the FDI device package with the following contents: Device definition, business logic, user interface descriptions and user interface plug-ins. The device definition describes the field device data and the internal structure (eg blocks). The business logic primarily ensures that the device definition remains consistent. User interface descriptions and user interface plug-ins define the field device user interfaces.

Device definition, business logic and user interface description are based on EDDL (IEC 61804-3). The

FDI combines the advantages and tried-and-tested concepts of both EDDL and FDT. By Daniel Grossmann, research engineer, ABB Corporate Research and Achim Laubenstein, manager, fieldbus standardisation, ABB Process Automation Division

Guaranteeing

With StandardisationSuccess


user interface plug-in offers the advantages of freely-programmable user interfaces familiar from FDT/DTMs. Other FDT concepts that are being seen in FDI are nested communication, ie the open integration of gateways, and the inte-gration of communication drivers over communication servers.

Ultimately, of course, what counts is the advantages for device manufacturers, control system manufacturers and, in particular, customers.

For device manufacturers, FDI reduces effort and saves costs because in future, only one FDI device package with clearly delimited protocol-specific parts will have to be created, instead of the current three EDDs and three DTMs. Another advantage is the scalability of the device package.

For control system manufac-turers, the client-server architecture simplifies the use of device data and functions in powerful, distributed control systems. In addition, transparent access to device data and functions facilitates the integration of other applications (eg connection of MES).

For the customer, the main benefit of FDI lies in the stand-ardised integration of field devices through a future-proof standard. One basic prerequisite for this is the unrestricted interoperability of device packages from a wide variety of device manufacturers with FDI systems from a wide variety of control system manufacturers.

One Standard, Multiple ImplementationsThe description language EDDL is specified in full in IEC 61804-3. Because of the different com mu n icat ion proto cols , FF, HART and Profibus, there are necessarily a few protocol-specific language elements. In the specification, this fact is reflected in the EDDL profiles. These define which language elements of EDDL

are permitted for a device with a specific type of communication. While some of the differences are indeed due to the differences in the protocol features, far more are due to the history of the language in the various fieldbus organisations. This leads to the problem of a device manufacturer being unable to write a protocol-independent ‘core EDD’ for a device type because• The language constructs are

mapped differently in the profiles for FF, HART and Profibus

• Theprofilesarenotimplementedin full by the various hosts

The FDI team has looked into this point and will ensure that EDDL mapping for FDI is fully standar-dised apart from the necessary communication-specific factors.

Further expense is generated as a result of the different ways the fieldbus organisations have implemented EDDL over time. There are different binary formats and each of the organisations maintains its own tools and components for creating, testing and processing EDDs (reference interpreter). The tools and components vary significantly in their structure, functional scope and quality. Additional tools are needed for FDT implementation.

From a technical point of view,

there is no need for this variety. However, it is clear that more costs than necessary are generated (Fig 2).

If we were to continue with this approach, the implementation of FDI would generate expense in each of the three fieldbus organisations in order to carry out the same enhancements for the tools and components. The resulting costs are indirectly paid for by the members of the organisation, ie the manufacturers.

For the host manufacturers, additional expense arises for the integration and maintenance of three interpreter components. Integration is made more difficult because the implementation concepts and the scopes of delivery in the fieldbus organisations differ considerably. Each interpreter component has its own development cycle. This needlessly increases the complexity on the host side and is a potential source of interoperability problems.

Additional expense arises for the device manufacturers because they must create different EDDs for the same application depending on the particular fieldbus standard. For this, they use different development and test tools. Finally, host-specific modifications are also required. All variants need to be maintained over many years.

Fig. 1: The FDI concept

Device Package

Information Model

DeviceDefinition

BusinessLogic

UserInterface

Description

UserInterface

plugin

Topology

Device

Device

Network

Server Engine

FDI Server

OPC UA

FDI Client


FEATURES

ENQUIRY NO. 7702

Customer demands for a standardised, low-cost solution and good interoperability can scarcely be met because of the variety of EDDL implementa-t ions. Problems in dev ice integration are ultimately an obstacle to the use of fieldbus technology.

The introduct ion of FDI offers the unique opportunity to increase the acceptance of FDI in particular and the fieldbus in general through the standardisation of EDDL and its implementation.

Genuine Standardisation ‘G e nu i ne’ s t a nda rd i sat ion requires that the FDI standard is fundamentally independent of communication protocols, but can be adapted for communication protocols. It should be possible for a device manufacturer to create a device package per device type without host- specifi c or interpreter-specifi c modifi cations.

A standardised workflow and standardised tools and components for the implementation of FDI are decisive for achieving these aims (Fig 3).

The standardisation of FDI tools and components will signifi cantly reduce the complexity and thus costs for device and system manufacturers:

Parallel development and maintenance expense in the fi eldbus organisations is avoided.

Host manufacturers have lower expense because they only have to procure, integrate and maintain one standardised interpreter component.

The expense for dev ice manufacturers is lower because a significant part of the EDD is proto col - i ndep e nde nt a nd can therefore be used multiple times. Host-specific variants are not required. Standardised development and test tools reduce training expense and increase effi ciency in development.

T he ma nu fac tu rers ca n concentrate on improving their applications instead of having to deal with different versions of the same technology.

The development times for host and device manufacturers are reduced. New products reach the market more quickly.

Interoperability is improved because protocol-specifi c or host-specific variants are no longer required. The behavior of an EDD in a standardised interpreter component is always the same.

For these aims to be achieved, it

is necessary for a standardised binary format to be defi ned for the use of EDDL within the FDI tech-nology on a protocol-independent basis. Based on the tools that exist today, it is necessary to provide standardised development and test tools that can be used for the development of FDI device packages for all communication protocols. A standardised EDD interoperabil ity component should be downwardly compatible with the EDDL formats that currently exist.

Fig 3: Standardised device integration

Fig 2: Device integration today

Standard

FDT IEC 62453FF HARTPROFIBUSPlus 9 moreprotocols

Control system

Device“driver”

Testedpackage

Test

HCFDesign

tool

HCFTesttool

HART

Interpreter

HARTEDD

format

HARTEDD

format

EDDL IEC 61804FF HART

PROFIBUS

PNODesign

tool

PNOTesttool

PNO

Interpreter

PNOEDD

format

FFEDD

format

PNOEDD

format

FFDesign

tool

FFTesttool

FF

Interpreter

FFEDD

format

FFEDD

format

FFEDD

format

MicrosoftDesign

tool

FDTDTMtester

FDT frameapplication

DTMFF

EDDformatDTM

Device vendor

FDIDesign

tool

Standard Control system

Device vendor Device“driver”

Testedpackage

Test

EDDL IEC 61804*FF HART

PROFIBUS

UI plug-inFF HARTPROFIBUS

FDI

FDIEDD

format UIP

FDITesttool

FDIEDD

format UIP

*with FDI specifi c enhancements

UIengine

FDIInterpreter

FDI Client

FDI Server

OPCUA

World demand for desalination products and services is projected to increase 9.1 percent annually to US$13 billion in 2013. Areas with scarce or compromised water supplies will increasingly turn to thermal or membrane desalination techniques to supply water to households, industrial users and, to a lesser extent, commercial consumers such as tourist destinations and agricultural interests.

Much of the expansion of desalination resulting from technological advances will be in the form of membrane-based technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO), although similar improvements will allow multiple-effect distillation (MED) to increase its share of the thermal desalination segment.

Last Resort No LongerTraditionally, desalination has been considered a last resort, mainly as a result of costs. When desalination first became a commercially significant technology in the 1960s and 1970s, it was restricted to areas with no viable alternatives: areas with essentially no fresh water supply, as is the case in some parts of the Middle East, North Africa and the Caribbean; or where local water supplies were so compromised that they could not be rendered useful by conventional water

treatment techniques such as sedimentation and filtration.

But technological advances have brought improved equip-ment, energy savings and, as a result, cost reductions that have allowed desalination techniques to become more accessible.

Worldwide GrowthAlthough the desalination industry has outgrown the limited ‘no choice’ areas, the Middle East and North Africa will continue to dominate the desalination market, accounting for well over half of the world’s desalination capacity, and demand for desalination products and services.

There will be significant gains in the region’s largest markets – Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates – but growth will be faster yet in countries which have

World Demand For Water Desalination To Reach US$13 Billion In 2013

Market Report

only recently added significant desalination capacity, such as Algeria, Israel and Libya.

Gains are also expected to be healthy in some of the areas where desalination is seen as one among a number of water solutions (along with conservation and recycling).

The Asia/Pacific region is expected to be the fastest growing region through 2013. Australia is in the process of adding substantial seawater RO desa lination capacity along its coasts, and the Chinese government has made desalination a high-priority facet of its broader efforts to address decades of neglecting and abusing its water resources in the interest of economic modernisation.

Technological advancements have encouraged the proliferation of desalination techniques. By The Freedonia Group


ENQUIRY NO. 7703

WORLD WATER DESALINATION DEMAND(million dollars)

% Annual Growth

ITEM 2003 2008 20132003-2008

2008-2013

World Water Desalination Demand 3946 8425 13000 16.4 9.1

Africa/Mideast 2660 5895 9025 17.3 8.9United Arab Emirates 750 1595 2310 16.3 7.7Saudi Arabia 740 1590 2360 16.5 8.2Other 1170 2710 4355 18.3 10.0United States 440 750 1090 11.3 7.8Asia Pacific 279 735 1345 21.4 12.8Other Regions 567 1045 1540 13.0 8.1


products & services

ABB: Multipurpose Industrial Robot

Adlink: Rugged I/O Platforms

Enquiry no. 7804

Enquiry no. 7802

Enquiry no. 7803

Enquiry no. 7801

Aerotech: Linear Motor Drive

The ANT130-L employs a centre-driven, non-cogging, noncontact linear motor and encoder as the driving element. Since the linear motor is a direct-drive device there is no backlash, windup, or ‘stiction’ normally associated with a lead- or ball-screw drive.

The linear motor drive also offers the advantage of higher speeds and accelerations. The compact yet powerful linear motor drives the ANT130-L to a peak unloaded acceleration of 1 g and a maximum velocity of 350 mm/s.

The direct-drive linear motor allows the ANT130-L to make precise, small resolution steps, which is particularly important in alignment applications where step accuracy is critical.

ABB’s small multipurpose industrial robot, the six-axis IRB 120, is available with a compact version of the popular IRC5 controller. The robot weighs 25kg and can handle a payload of 3kg (4kg with vertical wrist) with a reach of 580mm.

The model also has a stroke of 411mm and the ability to reach 112mm below its own base.

The IRB 120 can be mounted at any angle, either in a cell, on top of a machine or close to other robots on the manufacturing line. The compact turning radius on axis 1 ensures the robot can be mounted in close proximity to its application.

Adlink’s Matrix MXE-1000 and MXC-2000 series of rugged and fanless I/O platforms are based on the Intel Atom N270. The MXE-1000 provides embedded I/O functions and the MXC-2000 series offers configurable PCI and/or PCI Express slots.

These platforms are the result of combining ADLINK’s expertise in x86 platform design, versatile I /O function development, and thermal design to push fanless systems to a higher standard, including 5G vibration and cable-free durable structure. They include a specifically-designed single board computer to fit the respective fanless chassis that all heat-producing components come in direct contact with the aluminum shell.

Basler: New Firmware For Cameras

Basler Vision Technologies is adding new features to all scout and pilot area scan cameras produced from September 2009 on. The more than 50 different scout models and 10 different pilot models will be fully equipped with the new firmware during production.

The additional features include: very short exposure times, a trigger delay feature, a combined auto-gain and exposure feature, and a mirroring function at full grabbing speed. Multicast support that makes camera image data available on more than one PC will also be added via the free pylon driver package.


products & services

Enquiry no. 7808

Enquiry no. 7806

Enquiry no. 7807

Enquiry no. 7805

Beckhoff: Ultra Compact Industrial PC

The C6930 control cabinet PC from Beckhof f combines a 3½-inch motherboard designed for Intel Core Duo or Core 2 Duo, a wide range of PC interfaces, up to three Ethernet ports. The C6930 offers high data security through an integrated RAID system for mirroring hard disks. Cooling fins behind the right-hand side panel enable fanless operation of the PC at temperatures up to 55 °C (131 °F).

The C6930 has an on-board SATA RAID controller for mirroring two hard disks. It can be used for convenient configuration of RAID applications supported by TwinCAT automation software.

GarrettCom: Ethernet Switch

GarrettCom’s Magnum 6KL managed edge switch is a compact, environmentally sealed 10-port Ethernet switch with an ambient temperature range of -40ºC to 85 ºC. The base unit includes four 10/100Mb copper ports (regular or PoE), plus up to six additional ports which can be combinations of Gigabit, 100Mb, and 10Mb fibre ports and copper ports.

The 6KL switch is packaged in a hardened, convection-cooled sealed metal box, with optional conformal coating, and offers high EMI noise immunity.

Flow Technology: PD Flow Meter System

Flow Technology’s DC-F/IM (Ingredient Measurement) positive displacement (PD) flow meter system. Featuring a bearingless design with only two moving parts, the DC-F/IM is ideal for measuring high-viscosity fluids in food applications where batch repeatability is desired.

The DC-F/IM is suitable for measuring flow rates as low as 0.001 Gallons per Minute (GPM) and is designed for applications involving high pressure and pulsating flow streams. Due to its unique geometry, the PD meter can be utilised in the optimal line size, which minimises pressure drop and enables accurate measurement across the entire desired flow range.

Baumer: Capacitive Sensors

In quite a number of fill level applications there are liquids to be detected which require sensor housings and media containers to be made of materials of strongly improved properties due to their chemical reactivity. Baumer capacitive sensors provide innew approaches to many of these challenging cases.

Since the sensors’ electrical field of detection is capable of penetrating through insulating materials such as plastics, glass, cardboard etc, non invasive detection of both liquids and solid matter is possible from the outside. Capacitive sensors can therefore monitor fill levels in closed containers whilst being attached to the outside container wall.


products & services

Enquiry no. 7812

Enquiry no. 7810

Enquiry no. 7811

Enquiry no. 7809

Ixxat: Industrial Ethernet Module

Ixxat’s FPGA based Industrial Ethernet Module (IEM) now integrates a high-capacity Switch-IP which enables customers to implement powerful and economic line topologies.

The IEM is based on a powerful Altera Cyclone III FPGA which includes, besides an integrated 32-bit CPU, PHYs, magnetic modules and RJ45 jacks, the new 3-port switch IP for Profinet, EtherNet/IP and Modbus-TCP.

The IP implements a store-and-forward switch and is explicitly designed for real-time Ethernet networks. An implementation as cut-through switch is already in preparation.

OmniVision: High Definition Sensor

OmniVision Technologies’ 1080p high definition (HD) CMOS image sensor OV2715 is built on a 3-micron OmniPixel3-HS pixel, delivering low-light performance of 3300 mV/(lux-sec) and a peak dynamic range of 69 dB.

It is a no-compromise 1080p HD sensor that offers the HD video format with a display resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels and operates at 30 frames per second. Offering a zero degree chief ray angle, the OV2715 is capable of operating within a temperature range of -30°C to +70°C.

The company’s OmniPixel3-HS pixel technology has already been proven in high quality surveillance applications and is also available in the 720p format in the OV9715.

Omron: Micro Programmable Controller

Omron’s CP1E series micro programmable controller provides approximately 20 to 160 I/O points. All CPUs can be connected to a computer via commercially available USB cable and support software with ‘smart input’ intuitive operation for faster programming.

Two types of CPU Units are available: E-type Basic CPU Unit is economical with basic functionality whereas the N-type Application CPU Unit supports Programmable Terminal connection, position control and inverter connection. The CP1E Series shares the same architecture as other Omron’s CP1 series but with a smaller yet powerful instruction set. This allows easy upward migration across all platforms.

Harting: Rugged Connectors

PushPull is a family of rugged connectors for transmitting optical and electrical communication, as well as signals and power with IP65/IP67 protection class.

Han PushPull Power is a compact five-pole power connector up to 690 V and 16 A. A complete connector family in metal and plastic design is available for signal and power transmission. Assembly is carried out by crimp technology or the Han-Quick Lock rapid termination technology.

Panel feed throughs bring the power into the switch cabinet or directly into the device. Straight or angled male inserts conduct the power to the PCB for device integration.


products & servicesproducts & servicesproducts & services

Wago: System Bus

Witte: Automatic Loading System

PI: 24 Bit Nanopositioning Stage Controllers

Physik Instrumente (PI) is switching to a generation of 24-bit resolution interfaces for its nanopositioning stage controllers. The new interfaces will allow better than 100 picometers command resolution even on the latest generation long travel piezo nanopositioning stages (1 mm and up) such as the PIHera series closed-loop flexure stages.

The controllers come in a variety of bench-top, rack-mount and OEM card versions from single-channel units for simple linear actuator applications to multi-axis system controllers with 12 channels per rack.

The piezo controllers come with Windows installation software, DLLs and LabVIEW drivers.

A developed coupler for the Wago I/O system opens up the entire spectrum of Sercos III services for users. With this third generation, Sercos, originally a pure drive bus, has become a full-fledged system bus with a uniform I/O profile and the ‘CIP safety on Sercos’ safety protocol. All of the real-time characteristics have also been retained.

The Wago coupler is integrated into the overall system via the Sercos III-I/O profile using SDDML device description files. All features, such as the redundant ring topologie, synchronous slave-to-slave communication (CC), hot plugging, as well as the independent Ethernet IP channel are supported by this coupler.

To accelerate the entire process of workpiece exchange and reduce standing times of measuring machines to a minimum, Witte has developed an automatic loading system. It can be equipped with three, four, five or more pallets and/or preparation/parking areas as application demands. Depending upon requirements and space conditions the system can be circular, shelf, paternoster, shuttle or bridge type.

Transfer from preparation/park position to measuring machine is possible via turntables, transfer tables and leveling systems. Depending upon type of measuring machine pass-through systems for in line measuring operations can be integrated.

Enquiry no. 7816

Enquiry no. 7814

Enquiry no. 7815

Enquiry no. 7813

Turck: Cylinder Position Sensors

Turck has expanded its line of BIM-UNT cylinder position sensors with a 2-wire DC version, along with a NAMUR option for intrinsically safe applications. The cylinder position sensor’s wear-free design and short circuit protection make them a viable alternative to electromagnetic switches in the automotive industry. To further their applicability in this industry, Turck has integrated a weld resistant TPU cable.

With a total length of only 28 mm, the BIM-UNT is one of the most compact cylinder position sensors on the market. The active sensing faces are located directly at the end of the sensor to safely detect the piston rod’s end position on compact, short-stroke cylinders.


EVENT PREVIEW

ENQUIRY NO. 7901

CIA2009, the process engineering, controls instrumentation and scientific equipment exhibition, gathers the latest technologies and solutions that caters to industry demands to enhance product quality and expand production capacity while improving process safety and plant availability. The event boasts a 30 year track record and will return to Suntec Singapore from December 1–4, 2009.

T h e e v e n t co n s i s t s o f ControlsAsia2009, InstrumentAsia2009 and AnaLabAsia2009. Ongoing infrastructure developments within the energy, downstream petroleum and chemical sectors in Asia continue to be the key drivers of process technology demand on show at ControlsAsia2009 & InstrumentAsia2009.

A na L abA sia 2 0 0 9 br i n gs key analytical instrumentation solutions from across the globe to the growing petrochemical, biodiesel, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries in this part of the world. Robust growth in China and other Asia Pacific areas over the last few years have contributed significantly to the US$36 billion (S$50.8 billion) global market for analytical instrumentation.

Strong Exhibitor ParticipationGlobal market and technology leaders will seek to gain a larger foothold in Asia by participating in CIA2009.

The Singapore pav i l ion, spearheaded by The Singapore Manufacturers’ Federation (SMa) and supported by IE Singapore, returns with a strong presence of 35 companies this year.

Other national and regional group pavilions returning after a good showing in 2007 include China, France, the German State of Baden Wurttemberg, South Korea and the Gambica group from UK, which is expected to be repre-sented by even more companies this year.

Special EventsCIA2009 will also see prominent presence and support from well-regarded regional industry associations l ike CHWMEG, Japan Analytical Instruments Manufactures Association (JAIMA) and Korea Scientific Instruments Industry Cooperative (KSIIC).

The JAIMA Forum, organised by JAIMA and held in conjunction w ith A na L abA sia 20 0 9 w i l l investigate critical issue of

chemica l contaminat ion of products in some Asian countries.

The seminar on Responsible Waste Stewardship organised by CHWMEG will address the apparent lack of regulatory requirements for soil and groundwater standards in many Asian countries and how industry can benefit from regulatory schemes implemented by the USA’s CERCLA (Superfund) law. Delegates will also be introduced to the newest hazardous waste technology being deployed in the region.

Held alongside CIA2009 at the same venue is EnviroAsia2009, t he fou r t h e nv i ron me nta l technologies exhibition and con-ference. EnviroAsia addresses the international concerns of sustainable development through water, env i ronmenta l a nd sustainable energy management solutions.

December 1 – 4, 2009SuntecSingapore

CIA2009

CIA2009


ENQUIRY NO. 7902

EPM Linkage Vietnam 2009

INDUSTRIAL plant efficiency continues to be a fundamental concern for process plants in key sectors such as chemical processing, petrochemical and oil and gas refining and production. Margins for corporations are challenged by recessive economic pre ssu re s a nd t he soc ia l responsibility to reduce their carbon footprint, prompting them to look towards deploying more environmentally-friendly practices.

The Industrial Bus and Wireless Technology Conference, to be held for the first time from December 3 – 4, 2009 at Suntec Singapore, aims to address these challenges, to enable greater robustness, safety and dependability of plant operations.

Bus Deployment BenefitsThese operational gains stem from the efficient design of plants for long-term operability based on

of wireless networking, allows for remote access to status and diagnostic information, enables predictive maintenance strategies via continuous condition monitoring and sees major cost savings in reduced point-to-point wiring and associated equipment.

Implementing Wireless TechnologyThe conference is designed by industry leaders for industry professionals from multiple levels within plant design and operations. The conference will address critical underlying challenges on interoperability and the increasing reliability of wireless architecture. Industr y and technology experts will give detailed perspectives into case studies of various bus and wireless technology implementations.

The two - day conference comprises two tracks which will run in parallel - Plant Operations & Maintenance and Control Systems & Design. The technical panel, responsible for shaping the conference programme and ensuring that the topics are the most relevant and comprehensive, comprises top executives from the major industry bodies, technology providers and technology users.

December 3 – 4, 2009SuntecSingapore

Industrial BusWireless Technology

Conference

andThe

industrial bus technology, an all-digital industrial network system for real-time distributed control, connecting microprocessors-based control and field devices bi-directionally.

Bus deployment benefits can be seen throughout the processes of installation, maintenance and commissioning. The technology, together with the deployment


EVENT PREVIEW

Machine Tool Builders Association and Tokyo Big Sight, the purpose of the event is to contribute to the development of the industry and promote trade through increased international transactions and technical exchanges of machine tools and their related equipment.

October 28 – November 2, 2010Tokyo Big SightTokyo, Japan

COUPLING signs of an upturn in the world economy with Indonesia’s robust domestic market, demand for space at Indonesia’s largest Machinery Trade Exhibition, Manufacturing Indonesia 2009 is high.

The Manufacturing Indonesia series of trade exhibitions, incorporating Machine Tool Indonesia, Industrial Automation Indonesia and Vehicle Manu-facturing Indonesia will be held for the 20th time, December 2 – 5, 2009, at the Jakarta Exhibition Centre, Jakarta.

As with prev ious years, Machine Tool Indonesia will be the

biggest component of the show, encompassing over 9,000 sq m of exhibition space in hall A. National groups from China, Germany, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan will be present.

International AffairThis year for the fi rst time, over one hundred companies from India under the auspices of the Engineering Export Promotion Council of India will be participating. The Indian government will be organising INDEE, the Indian Engineering Exhibition alongside Manufacturing Indonesia. In addition, Plastics and

Rubber and ProPak Indonesia will once again be held in conjunction with Manufacturing Indonesia.

In addit ion, the Ta iwa n Machinery Builders Association will be bringing a number of their members alongside TAMI, the Taiwan Association of Machinery Industry. Over 200 companies from Taiwan are expected to showcase the latest machinery equipment.

Hall D will feature products for Industr ia l Automat ion, Vehicle Manufacturing as well as mainstream manufacturing. A high level conference and a large number of individual exhibitor seminars will be held in conjunction with the exhibition.

December 2 – 5, 2009Jakarta Exhibition CentreJakarta, Indonesia

Indonesia 2009Manufacturing

JIMTOF 2010, the 25th Japan International Machine Tool Fair, will be held at Tokyo Big Sight in Tokyo, Japan for a six-day period from October 28 – November 2, 2010.

The previous show in 2008 showcased integrated machine tools, software and peripherals. With some 80,000 sq m of exhibition space, it housed a total of 851 exhibitors using 5,233 booths and 142,408 registered visitors.

Says Toshiomi Shono, president of Japan Machine Tool Builders Association: “We predict that a lthough current economic situation is very tough but come next autumn when JIMTOF 2010 is being held, many machine tool makers will get back on a recovery track. We are very confi dent that for the exhibition, we will receive applications from European machine tool makers as well as the makers from East Asia including China.” Mr Shono continues: “We are also expecting about 142,400 visitors as a whole and about

10,000 overseas visitor without multi-entries count.”

Indoor exhibition space is expected to be 82,660 sq m at the event next year. Exhibits include machine tools (metal cutting, metal forming), machine tool accessories, high speed steel tools, cemented carbide tools, precision measuring machines and controller and related software.

Organised by the Japan

JIMTOF 2010ENQUIRY NO. 7903

ENQUIRY NO. 7904

Of

OCTOBER

5 – 8 SCM Logistics World 2009 Raffl es City Convention CentreSingaporeTerrapinnEmail: [email protected]: www.terrapinn.com

7 – 10 Manufacturing Technology World

SMX Convention CenterPasay City, PhilippinesGlobal-Link MPEmail: [email protected]: www.globallinkph.com

7 – 11 Bangkok RHVAC 2009 Impact Arena Exhibition & Convention Centre Muang Thong ThaniThailandRoyal Thai Government Offi ce of Trade Fair ActivitiesEmail: [email protected]: www.bangkok-rhvac.com

8 – 11 Taiwan RFID TWTC Nangang Exhibition HallTaipei, TaiwanTaiwan External Trade Development Council (TAITRA)Email: rfi [email protected]: www.rfi dtaiwan.com.tw

13 – 15 Wire Southeast Asia BITECBangkok, ThailandMesse Düsseldorf AsiaEmail: [email protected]: www.wire-southeastasia.com

14 – 16 JEC Show Asia 2009 Suntec SingaporeJEC CompositesEmail: [email protected]: www.jeccomposites.com

14 – 17 Oil & Gas Indonesia 2009 Jakarta International Expo KemyoranJakarta, IndonesiaPT Pamerindo Buana AbadiEmail: [email protected]: www.pamerindo.com

15 – 17 EPM Linkage Vietnam 2009 Saigon Exhibition & Convention CenterHo Chi Minh City, VietnamChan Chao InternationalEmail: [email protected]: www.epmlinkage.com

22 – 25 Metal Technology Show 2009

Putra World Trade CentreKuala Lumpur, MalaysiaFairs & Events ManagementEmail: [email protected]: www.femsb.com/MTS2009

26 – 27 Carbon Forum Asia Raffl es City Convention CentreSingaporeInternational Emissions Trading Association (IETA) and KoelnmesseEmail: [email protected]: www.carbonforumasia.com

26 – 29 CeMAT Asia Shanghai New Int’l Expo CentreShanghai, ChinaDeutsche MesseEmail: [email protected]: www.cemat-asia.com

27 – 31 Korea Metal Week 2009 Korea International Exhibition CenterSeoul, South KoreaKorea Trade FairsEmail: [email protected]: korea-metal.com/english

28 – 31 Advantech World Partner Conference

Suzhou International Expo CenterSuzhou, ChinaAdvantechEmail: [email protected]: www.advantech.com

NOVEMBER

11 – 12 Rockwell Automation Fair Anaheim Convention CenterCalifornia, USARockwell AutomationEmail: [email protected]: www.automationfair.com

16 – 20 Singapore International Energy Week

SingaporeSingapore’s Energy Market Authority (EMA) & Energy Studies Institute (ESI)Email: [email protected]: singapore.iew.com.sg

18 – 20 Clean Energy Expo Asia Shangri-La HotelSingaporeKoelnmesseEmail: [email protected]: www.cleanenergyexpoasia.com

CalendarOfCalendarOfCalendar 2009Events

Korea International Exhibition Center

18 – 20 NDE Tokyo 2009 Tokyo Big SightTokyo, JapanJapan Management Association (JMA)Email: [email protected]: www.jma.or.jp/nde/en

19 – 22 Metalex 2009 BITECBangkok, ThailandReed TradexEmail: [email protected]: www.metalex.co.th

DECEMBER

1 – 4 CIA 2009 Suntec SingaporeSingapore Exhibition ServicesEmail: [email protected]: www.cia-asia.com

2 – 4 Semicon Japan 2009 Makuhari MesseChiba, JapanSemiEmail: [email protected]: www.semiconjapan.org

3 – 4 Industrial Bus and Wireless Technology Conference

Suntec SingaporeSingapore Exhibition ServicesEmail: [email protected]: www.cia-asia.com/conf_prog.htm


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NOTES

64 Advertising Index | IndustrialAutomationAsia

ADVERTISER PAGE NO ENQ NO

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ABB INDUSTRY PTE LTD 7 066

EXXON MOBIL ASIA PACIFIC 1 036

FLUKE 25 073

FUJI ELECTRIC FA SINGAPORE PTE LTD 3 070

GUANGZHOU GUANGYA MESSE FRANKFURT 33 069

LINKVUE SYSTEM PTE LTD 11 074

MITSUBISHI ASEAN CC-LINK PROMOTION CENTRE IBC 007

MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC ASIA PTE LTD OBC 059

MOXA INC 29 064

MP ASIA PTE LTD 15 075

NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS 9 067

N-TRON 13 072

ROCKWELL AUTOMATION SEA PTE LTD IFC 041

SINGAPORE EXHIBITION SERVICES PTE LTD (BUS & WIRELESS) 41 068

SINGAPORE EXHIBITION SERVICES PTE LTD (CIA) 53 052

VIPA 19 071

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