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Michael Ungar, Ph.D.
Canada Research Chair in Child, Family and Community Resilience,
School of Social Work, Dalhousie University
Twitter @MichaelUngarPhD www.michaelungar.com
www.resilienceresearch.org
I Still Love You: Nine Things Troubled Kids Need from their
Parents, Caregivers, and Community Service
Providers
Nine Things Troubled Kids
Need From Their Parents
Percent Prevalence of Depressed Affect vs ACE Score
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 >=4
Percent Affected Percent Unaffected Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner, J. D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C., Perry, B. D., … Giles, W. H. (2006). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 256, 174–186.
Percent Non-Prevalence of Depressed Affect vs ACE Score
81.6 74.8 65.9 61.2
51
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 >=4
Percent Affected Percent Unaffected
In the context of exposure to significant adversity resilience is our capacity to navigate and negotiate for the resources we need to do well.
Resilience is…
Contextual Risk Individual Risk
Service Use Experience
Resilience
Func9onal Outcomes
.37*
-‐.30*
-‐.17* -‐.38* .33* .07
-‐.03
-‐.21* .53*
.18* -‐.14 .13
Life 9me
Service Use Accumula9on
Ungar, M., Liebenberg, L., Armstrong, M., Dudding, P., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2012). Patterns of service use, individual risk factors and contextual, and resilience among adolescents using multiple psychosocial services. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37(2-3), 150-159.
Service Use Experience
Resilience
Func2onal Outcomes
.37*
.33*
Nine Things All Children Need 1. Structure 2. Consequences 3. Parent-child
connections 4. Lots and lots of
strong relationships 5. A powerful identity
6. A sense of control 7. A sense of
belonging/culture/spirituality/life purpose
8. Rights and responsibilities
9. Safety and support
© Michael Ungar, 2011 www.michaelungar.com
8
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
% C
hang
e re
lati
ve t
o 20
06-0
7
Patients in the ED for Mental Disorders
Mental Disorders Other
Increase in health service use: % change in rates per 100,000 population since 2006-07. Rate of ED visits for children and youth aged 5-24 for mental disorders is up 44% since 2006-07. Rate of hospitalizations for children and youth aged 5-24 for mental disorders is up 30% since 2006-07 – this is compared to a 13% decrease in all other hospitalizations.
Source: Discharge Abstract Database, CIHI, 2014. Hospital Mental Health Database, CIHI, 2013 National Ambulatory Care Reporting System, CIHI, 2014 Note: Based on Main Problem and MRDX
Structure: “There are people in my life who expect me to ____________.”
Consequences: “When I don’t meet expectations, I know that ____________ will happen.”
Parent-Child, and Other, Relationships: “I can reach out to my __________ to get help when I need it.”
Exercise: Assessing my resources for resilience:
Identity: “I feel respected for what is special about me when I’m with/at/doing ____________ .”
Power and control: “In my ____________ I get to participate in making decisions that affect my ___________.”
Belonging, spirituality (sense of cohesion): “At my ____________ people miss me when I’m not there.”
Sense of culture “There are places such as __________ where I can celebrate my culture and beliefs.”
Rights and Responsibilities (social justice): “When I’m with others at my ____________ I feel treated fairly.” “When I’m with ______________ I am responsible for myself/others.”
Safety and Support: “I am well-cared for by __________.” “I feel safe when I’m with/at ___________.”
The greater a child’s exposure to adversity, the more these 9 Protective Factors and Processes matter
The principle of Differential Impact
Exposure to Adversity
Differential Impact of Protective Factors and Processes
LOW
-
HIGH
Help Line
Mentors
+
Impa
ct o
n D
evel
opm
ent
0
Exposure to Adversity
Differential Impact of Protective Factors and Processes
LOW
-
HIGH
+
Impa
ct o
n D
evel
opm
ent
0
Parentification
Foster Care
Michael Ungar, Ph.D.
Canada Research Chair in Child, Family and Community Resilience
School of Social Work, Dalhousie University
Twitter @MichaelUngarPhD www.michaelungar.com
www.resilienceresearch.org
Thank you! Nine Things Troubled Kids
Need From Their Parents