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I. Bonding
A. Compounds consist of atoms of two or more elements that are joined by chemical bonds
B. Types of Bonds1. A covalent bond is formed
when two atoms share electrons.
Chapter 2
2. An ionic bond is formed when one atom gives up an electron to another. The positive ion is then attracted to a negative ion to form the ionic bond.
Remember…..Chemical Reaction
1. reactant + reactant productsbefore change after
change
Bell work
Explain how a covalent bond is formed and then explain how an ionic bond is formed.
B. Law of Conservation of Mass
• MASS IS NEVER CREATED OR DESTROYED!1. Balancing chemical equations helps the # of
reactant atoms = # of product atoms. (Reactions keep all the atoms and rearrange
them!)
How do you count atoms?
CO₂ = 1 carbon and 2 oxygen atoms2CO ₂ = 2 Carbon and 4 oxygen atomsCa(OH) ₂= I calcium, two oxygen, and two
hydrogen atoms2Ca(OH) ₂= 2 calcium, 4 oxygen, and 4 hydrogen
atoms
How about this hard one!
• 3 Al ₂(CO₃) ₃ –How many Aluminum?
3 x 2 = 6 aluminum atoms-How many carbon atoms3 x1 x 3 = 9 carbon atoms-How many oxygen atoms?3 x3 x3 = 27 oxygen atoms
Now that you can count the atoms are they even on both sides of the reaction?
_____ H₂ +_____ O ₂ _____ H ₂O
b. 3O ₂ ___O₃
c. ____ NO(g) ____ N₂O(g) + ____NO ₂
K+
NO -3
A carbon gives away an electron
Oxygen gains an electron
O-2 gains two electrons