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GUV-I 8594GUV information

Sample collection means ofprotection when working inthe field of wastewatertreatment plants

Edition January 2005

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Publisher

Bundesverband the Unfallkassen

Fockenstein Strae 1, 81539

Munich www.unfallkassen.de

Edition January 2005

Prepared by the Section"Disposal" of the Federation the

Accident Insurers (BUK) in

collaboration with the BG expert

committee "chemistry", Subject: 62

explosion, Kurfrstenanlage,

69115 Heidelberg.

Order no. GUV-I 8594 to reflect, vom

competent accident insurance, see

penultimate cover.

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Sample collection means ofprotection when working in thefield of wastewater treatmentplants

Appl ication o f this Sample collection

The Section"Disposal" of the Federation the Accident Insurers (BUK) has this

collection of examples of sewage systems that were previously in the Blue Print(07/2000) listed under point 4.1 in the current collection of examples of the

explosion protection regulations, created as a separate booklet. *)

You gives the entrepreneur a help, its obligation under 5 of the operating

instructions (air) comply dividing hazardous areas into zones.

Explosionsschutzmanahmen

Forto determine the nature and extent of the measures in potentially hazardous

areas is to Annex 4 of the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and the

"Explosion protection rules - (EX-RL) "(GUV-R 104) referenced. This can for

example under the In-ternet www.hvbg.de be viewed at BGR 104th

For some common key terms here the definitions (see 2 of the Ordinance on

Industrial Safety and Section B of the "explosion protection rules") stated:

ExplosionsfhigeAtmosphere:

Explosive Atmosphereist is a mixture of air and flammable gases, vapors, mists or

dusts under atmospheric conditions in which the combustion process after ignition

transfers to the entire unburned mixture ( 2 (8) Industrial Safety Ordinance).

Note: As atmospheric conditions apply Here total pressures from 0.8

bar to 1.1 bar and the mixture temperature of -20 C to +60 C.

*) The above version 07/2000 has been amended slightly editorial. Furthermore, were the No.

3.7 a, 3.10 and 3.11 materially changed.

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GUV-I 8594

ExplosiveAtmosphere:

Explosive atmosphere (pea) is an explosive atmosphere occurring in such amount

(danger threatening amount) that special protective measures for themaintenance of protection of safety and health of workers or others are required

( 2 (9) Reliable safety regulation).

Imminent DangerQuantity:

More than 10 liters of explosive atmosphere as cohesive group have to beconsidered in closed rooms, regardless of the room size is always a hazardousexplosive atmosphere. Smaller quantities can already be potentially hazardous if,

when they are in close proximity to people. Even in periods of less than about 100m3 already a smaller amount than 10 liters must be regarded as hazardous. A

rough estimate can be made by the rule of thumb that in such rooms explosive

atmosphere by more than a ten-thousandth of the space volume must be

considered as potentially hazardous if, eg ina space of80 m3 8 liters. However, this does not infer that

then the entire space as a hazardous applies, but only part of the area, may occur

in which an explosive atmosphere (see Section 1.3.4.1 of the explosion E-rule

[GUV-R 104, previously GUV 19.8]).

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GUV-I 8594

ExplosionsgefhrdeterRange:

A hazardous is an area that may occur in which an explosive atmosphere. Onearea that is not expected to in which an explosive atmosphere in an amount such

that special protective measures are needed shall not be considered a hazardous

area ( 2 (10) Betriebssicherheitsver Regulation).

Ztions classification of hazardousAreas

The following zoning applies to areas where arrangements set out in 3, 4 and

6 of the Ordinance on Industrial Safety must be taken. This classification

provides the scope of the aforementioned measures to be taken according to

Annex 4, section A Regulation.

ExplosionsgefhrdeteRanges of frequency and duration of the occurrence of an

explosive atmosphere in zones:

Zone 0 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture

of air and flammable gases, vapors or mists or for long periods or

frequently.

Zone 1 ist is an area where at times during normal operation form an explosive

atmosphere as a mixture of air and flammable gases, vapors or mists.

Zone 2 is an area in which under normal operation a dangerous explosive

atmosphere as a mixture of air and flammable gases, vapors or mists

or not normally occurs only briefly.

Zone 20 is an area that constantly in the explosive atmosphere in the form of

a cloud of combustible dust in the air for long periods or frequently.

Zone 21 ist is an area where at times during normal operation form anexplosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud in the air corresponds

haltenem combustible dust.

Zone 22 is an area in which under normal operation a potentially explosive

atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust in air is not

normally occur or only briefly.

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GUV-I 8594

The following sample collection may be used as a decision aid for classifying

potentially explosive areas into zones.

Sample collection(Excerpt from the foreword the explosion protection regulations)

The listed in each example measures are taken into account for the normal

operation, but also failures. They can serve as decision support in the selection of

the nature and extent of the measures for the prevention of explosion hazards.

For first and repeated startup and shutdown of a plant and the explosion

protection in common areas available via openings to hazardous areas in

conjunction, special considerations apply.

Under Section D 1 the explosion protection rules "basis for the assessment of the

risk of explosion", the decision of whether and how likely an explosive

atmosphere may occur, given off by the circum-stances and must always refer to

this particular case. Therefore, when applied to investigate the collection of

examples, always check to be assessed in the case matches the occurrence of

an explosive atmosphere in the amount and the probability with which the

example of the underlying facts of the matter.

Deviations from the Sample collection requirements specified in the amendments

to the zone or its extension is possible.

In the sample collection zone expansions are given in column 5 in meters. It is

assumed that the g.e.A. approximately spherical shape around the discharge

point, wherein the outlet point is propagated to see-as the center of the sphere

radius. Possible deviations are especially mentioned. Proximity is the imme-diate

vicinity of the discharge point. The radius of the immediate area is 0.5 m.

For surface sources the zone is usually caused by an envelope with

Verrundungsradius specified.

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GUV-I 8594

In cases where hazardous areas (zones) measures to E 1 of the explosion

protection regulations (GUV-R 104, previously GUV 19.8) are reduced or

eliminated, consider the following:

In the opinion of the Technical Committee"Chemistry", Subject "Explosion"

mentioned in column 5 of the sample collection extensions of zones shall be

used optimally for the measures to E 1 (column 4). This should be considered

in the required assessment of the individual case.

Particularly clearly this issue is by applying the protective measure

"Technical ventilation" (Section 1.3.4.2 E of explosion protection rules

[GUV-R 104, previously GUV 19.8])

Wie shown in Section E 1.3.4 of explosion protection rules, an optimal design

of the ventilation system is possible only if the expected maximum amount

leaking substances and the other conditions are known or can be estimated

reliably.

In the examples, referring only to the vicinity of the equipment, the interior of the

apparatus requires a separate assessment.

The e specified in sections 1.3.1 to 1.3.3 of the e explosion protection rules

prerequisites of explosion protection must always be met, and they are not in

the examples mentioned.

Notes to tables:

FirstIn the presence mentioned in column 2 of the plant or processes in column

3 shall different apparatus or process-related conditions or features orcomments occur [a), b), c), ..., 1, 2, 3, ...]. Among these points is indicated to

what extent the occurrence of a hazardous explosive atmosphere (pea) is

expected.

Second For the case that, with g.e.A. must be calculated, is mentioned in column

4 whether in the plant protection measures by E 1 (Avoid explosive atmos-

phere) are applied.

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GUV-I 8594

Third Can safeguard measures as E 1 (column 4) are not or not fully carried out,

are protective measures to E 2 (Avoidance of ignition sources), depending on

the applicable zone, necessary.4th Is avoiding g.e.A. and no ignition sources in accordance with the respective

zone possible, protective measures for E 3 (Constructive explosion

protection) necessary and indicated in column 6.

The TLV is generally two to three orders of magnitude below the lower explosion

plosionsgrenze (LEL). If increased health reasons technical measures must be

carried out in areas the probability of occurrence and the extent of a potential

explosive atmosphere are indeed significantly reduced, an at least briefly

exceeded the LEL can there-by but not always be excluded. This is especially

true for dust when dust deposits can form. To that fact in the collection of

examples of the explosion protection regulations referenced.

Explanation of the example used in the collectionAbbreviations

no Protective measures to E 1, E 2 and E 3 are not required. gR

Protective measures for e 2 are carried out throughout the room.

Expansion The Numerical data for the extension of the zone is always in meters

to

zones vpurchase. Provided that no particular form of words From the

geometric expansion of the zone is made, the number means the

radius of a sphere around the source for the formation of explosive

atmospheres (exit point of flammable substances or the like).

g.e.A explosiveAtmosphere.

b) as a) means in column 3 (features, comments / conditions) the same factsas in a) specified. In column 4, but another protective measure is

provided and thus investments in column 5 in a different zoning than

a); may they can even be omitted.

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GUV-I 8594

The term the individual protective measures (E ...) corresponds to the contents list

of the EX-RL and is used in the following table.

I 1.1 Vermeiden or restriction of substances, The explosive

Mixtures to are able to form

Preventing E 1.2 oder limiting the formation of explosive

Mixtures inside of appliances

E1.2.1 Konzentrationsbegrenzung

E1.2.2 Inertisieren

E1.2.2.1 Inerting explosive atmosphere of flammable gases and

vapors

E1.2.2.2 Inerting flammable STube

E1.2.2.3 Inerting hybrid MixturesE1.2.3 Application ofVakuum-/Unterdruckfahrweise

E1.3 Verhindern or restricting the formation of a hazardous explosive

atmosphere in the vicinity of equipment

E1.3.1 Vexperienced technical measures design and spatial

Arrangement the operating systems

E1.3.2 Tightness of equipment

E1.3.2.1 Permanently technically tightApparatuses

E1.3.2.2 Technical density equipment

E1.3.2.3 Apparatuses with operational spills of flammable substances

E1.3.3 Pheck the equipment for tightness

E1.3.4 Ventilation measures

E1.3.4.1 Natural Ventilation

E1.3.4.2 Technical ventilation (ventilation) E

1.3.4.3 Object extraction

E1.4 Monitoring the concentration around

Apparatuses

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GUV-I 8594

E1.4.1 Gaswarnanlagen which trigger an alarm

E1.4.2 gas detection systems with automatic triggering of circuits

E1.4.3 Gaswarnanlagen with automatic triggering of emergency functions

E1.5 Measures for eliminating dust in the area

Sdeaf leading equipment and container

E2.3.6 Statische Electricity

E3 Konstruktiver explosion

E3.1 Explosionsfeste Method of construction

E3.1.1 Explosionsdruckfeste Method of construction

E3.1.2 Explosion pressure shock resistant design

E3.2 Explosion pressure relief

E3.3 Explosionsunterdrckung

E3.4 Verhindern of explosion propagation

E3.4.1 Flame arresters for gases, vapors and mists

Explanations are comprised the "explosion protection rules" (GUV-R 104,

previously GUV 19.8). This can for example on the Internet at www.hvbg.de BGR

104 are under eingese-ing.

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GUV-I 8594

Breakdown ofSample collection

1 Abwater drainage

1.1 Enclosed spaces, where waste is stored, and the interior of vessels,

tanks and pipes closed derivation of systems (eg pumps templates,

sumps, tunnels, rain basins, storage sewers, manholes, are vented

to the pressure tubes, Dkerbauwerke)

1.2 From Wastewater-carrying Means (e.g. channels, Pressure pipelines Run

through manholes, crash structures, deep open channels [T> 2

m])

1.3 Facilities, which can be brought about with the openings mentioned

in 1.1 devices in combination (eg rooms with dry-installed sewage

pump-set or closed drainage systems, access to rainwater tanks or

reservoirs)

2 Sewage treatment

2.1 Aboveground Facilities in the inlet area of waste water treatment

were that flows through wastewater (eg intake structures,

computational building sand traps in buildings)

2.2 The interior of vessels, tanks and wires and umschlos Sene-spaces

that are traversed by sewage sludge or waste water or sewage

sludge which is located (eg, encapsulated by the investor parts,

enclosed basins and channels, sumps, valves and distribution

structures)

2.3 Rooms,Tuese can be brought about with the openings under 2.2

devices mentioned in conjunction (eg building with closed channelsand sealed system parts, engine rooms on completed covered

sumps, rooms with opening sludge template containers)

2.4 Open-end parts outdoors

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GUV-I 8594

3 Sludge

3.1 Closed digester

3.2 rooms, which are filled with sludge or septic or water flows through these

media (eg Faulschlamm/Faulwasser- bay, thickener)

3.3 Facilities, the digester gas leading technical equipment included (eg

Gasleitungen, fittings, Meters)

3.4 Faulgasleading technological equipment, the operation or

WMaintenance be opened (eg, gas filters, desulfurizer, Dryer)

3.5 Facilities, The traps contain

3.6 Areas open into the gas pressure relief

3.7 Gasbehlterfor biogas

3.8 Gasfackeln

3.9 Gasentschwefler

3.10 FaulgasbetriebeneDevices (e.g. gas machines Brenner)

3.11 Fan and compressors for biogas

3.12 pressure regulator for biogas

3.13 Facilities, where sludge is de-watered

3.14 Areas is stored in which dewatered sludge

3.15 Sludge dryerand spaces in which dried sludge is stored

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Lfd. No Exampl Features / Notes / Requirements

(Sp.1) (Sp. 2) (Sp. 3)

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Abw assertechnischeFacilities

1 Drainage

To Scope and definitions laid see UVV"Sewage Plant" GUV-V C5 (previously GUV7.4).

In the sewerage systems in normal operationwith the occurrence of geA expected (eg,vapors from flammable liquids [adoption to100 gallons of gasoline or other relevant

materials], digester gas formation).For extreme interference or addition ofpure oxygen, additional protectivemeasures are required.

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1.1

1.2

Enclosed spaces in w hichwaste water is stor ed, andthe interior of vessels,tanks and pipes closedpurge systems (egPumpenvor documents,sumps, tunnels, stormtanks, storage sewers,manholes te be in thepressure pipes vented,culvert construction -

works).

Vom wastewater durchflosSene-devices (egchannels, Druckrohrleitun-tions Run throughmanholes, Absturzbau-works, deep openchannels [T>2 m]).

a) Above the liquid with the up-take is a geAexpected (eg, vapors from flammableliquids and / or biogas)

b) as a)

c) as a)

In carrying Abwasserein municipal facilitiescan plant and operating equipment will beflooded as intended:

a) in non-ventilated facilities above the liquidwith the occurrencea g.e.A. expected (eg, through vapors offlammable liquids). Natural ventilation isobstructed (eg by gas-tight or Surface watsealed manhole covers);

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b) adequate natural ventilation

is given. The formation of a g.e.A. e.g. byvapors from flammable liquidsnot or only briefly is ex-pected;

c) The ventilation system is designed so thatabove the liquid with the occurrence of ageA to be expected.

1.3 Spaces that can beopenings associated withthese faciliti es under 1.1combined (eg sewagepump-rooms with dry-positioned or closedpurge systems, accessto rainwater tanks orStorage areas).

When Open as mentioned under 1.1 Adevices is the formation of a geA not beexcluded.When repairs or maintenance(See Section E 5):

a) The opening is intended tightly closed andopened only with special auxiliary agents;

b) The opening is closed as intended;

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c) The opening is closed as intended,but not sealed;

d) as c);

e) as c);

f) as c) but with the suction underMentioned in paragraph 1.1 devices.

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2 Sewage treatment With the occurrence of a g.e.A. by vapors fro

flammable liquids can be expected especiallythe inlet areas of wastewater treatment plantsThe formation of a g.e.A. by vapors fromflammable liquids can be excluded after awastewater treatment (eg in aerated gritchambers, aeration tanks or other facilities wiintensive technical or natural ventilation) hasbeen performed.

Digester gases by long-distance transport inthe sewer or long residence times of thewastewater or Klrschlam-mes in thewastewater treatment plant occur.

2.1 Aboveground fac il it ies inthe entry area ofwastewater treatmentplants, which flowsthrough wastewater (eg,intake structures,computational buildingsand-catches inbuildings).

For flume closed and sealedPlant parts, see 2.2:

a) In the inlet area of wastewater treatmentplants above the liquid with the occurrenceof geA (Eg due to vapors from flammableliquids and / or digester gas) is expected;

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b) as a);

c) as a);

d) as a);

2.2 The Interior of vessels,tanks and pipes andenclosed spaces that areof wastewater and sewagesludge by-incorporated orin which wasteor sewage sludge-beingdet (eg encapsulated plantcomponents, closedbasins and channels,sumps, slide anddistribution structures).

a) Above the liquid with the up-take is a geAexpected (eg, vapors from flammableliquids and / or biogas);

b) as a);

c) as a).

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2.3 Spaces that brought about

openings with t he under2.2-mentioned institutionsin connection is to (egbuilding with closed Gerin-tion and sealed systemparts, machinery spacesover covered sumps,rooms with opening

sludge templatecontainers) can.

see Case examples in 1.3

2.4 Open parts of the plantin Free

Yourch the given ventilation, formation of ageA not expected.

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3

3.1

3.1.1

Sludge

Closed septic tank

The produced in enclosed digesters biogas iscollected in septic tanks and head derived, anpossibly processed, stored, used or flared. Foopen digester is 3.2.

A g.e.A. may occur in the digester through aiinfiltration and its environs by leakage ofsewer gas.

In the normal range a slight positive pressureto prevent the digester head penetration of aiand thus the formation of a geA in the digeste

a) during the lowering of negative pressurecan

Sludge level arise;

b) The formation of negative pressure(penetration of air) is prevented (forexample, through normal operation of mudand overflowPressure or level monitoring with

triggering emergency functions, eg Closeof indulgences).

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3.1.2 Escape digester gas through pipes leadinginto the digester is prevented. (eg levelmonitoring with triggering emergencyfunctions or permanently effective closure ofthe lines with water or mud)

3.1.3 After opening of the septic tank or part-completely emptied with a g.e.A. the digestio

container and can be expected in the

Internally a) After opening, or if the airDraining of slurry (e.g. about the

Emergency overflow or floating scumdeliver can occur);

b) as a), for natural ventilation;

c) as a), with technical ventilation;

d) During the repression of g.e.A. by newlyformed sewer gas into the atmosphere.

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In the surrounding area a) opening directly to the outside;

b) opening into rooms;

c) as b)

d) opening to open shafts outdoors(E.g. scum pit);

e) as d).

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3.2

3.3

Spaces that are filled withsludge or septic or w aterflowed-through from thesemedia (eg digesterschlamm/Faulwasser- bay,thickener).

Rooms, the digester gasleading technicalequipment included (eggas lines, fittings,gauges).

It must match the outgassing and formation oa g.e.A. expected to be:

a) enclosed spaces;

b) as a);

c) open pits or tanks.

Digester gas leading technical equipmentare technically tight and mechanically,chemically and thermally stable:

a) in unventilated rooms;

b) in rooms with continuous naturalVentilation.

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3.4 Digester gas Leadingtechnical equipment to beopened for operation ormaintenance (eg, gasfilter-entschwef LER,dryer).

In the Is the formation of a inner g.e.A.expected by inflow of air:

a) after the opening;

b) as a) but after inerting beforeOpen;

c) as a) but after eliminating g.e.A. byaeration;

d) During the repression of g.e.A. byFermentation gases into the atmosphere.

Is in the area with the formation of a g.e.A.expected by leakage of sewer gas.

e) opening directly to the outside;

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3.5 Faciliti es, the steamtraps contain

f) Opening to rooms;

g) as f);

h) as f) but inerting before opening;

i) After closing an g.e.A. in theInterior with sewer gas into the open

displaced.

When drainage valves open or What serverclosures with the formation of ag.e.A. occur as a result of breakdown or dryinout of the water as a result of closures ormisuse:

a) for discharge into enclosed spaces;

b) as a);

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c) discharge into the open air;

d) The use of closed drainage systems, lockswith dual check valves or drainage point isa gas outlet prevented.

3.6 Areas in the gas Which opens directly to the outside overpressure reliefsmerge

reliefs.

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3.7 Gas tanks for biogas a) Outdoor established membrane gas holdewith steel casing.Steel casing in the upper container-range (above the diaphragm) with pressurequalizing openings provided, butotherwise technically permanently sealed.The membrane being grounded. Yourresistance is 10 8 Ohmits thickness

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3.8

3.9

Gas flares

Gasentschwefler

a) The flashback of the flame in the gassupply line is prevented by a flame arresto

b) continuing to flow of gas into theenvironment with non burning flame isprevented by an automatic shut-off devicein conjunction with self-acting ignition andflame control;

c) In the gas torches with enclosed flame

space is ensured that before ignitionsufficient Luftsp-ment of the flame spaceis achieved and that the gas supply is notopened by said ignition-effective.

a) Entschweflern that are opened formaintenance, see 3.4;

b) Entschweflern with added air is theformation of a geA prevented byappropriate control and surveillance of theair supply;

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c) with a mass Entschweflern which heatsduring the regeneration itself, the ignitionis prevented by Temperatur-monitoringand interruption of the air supply;

d) desulfurizer, which may be a source ofignition, and in which an inflow of geA notexcluded. In the

Inlets and outlets by flame-failsafe valvesare available. Explosion resistant (6 bar).

3.10 Digester gas-poweredmachines and gasburners

3.10.1 Affairs von machines andgas burners

Formation of g.e.A. by special designmeasures to prevent (eg Gasmaschi machinewhich meet the requirements of Annex I toDirective 98/37/EC (formerly 89/392/EEC gasburner) and that / the requirements of Annex of Directive 90/396 EC or the DIN EN 746-2"Industrial Thermoprozessan documents"match). In the gas line, in front of the institutiois one flame-proof equipment.

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3.10.2

3.11

3.11.1

Environment established inareas of gas engines andburners

Blowers andcompressors forfermentation gases

Affairs of fans andVerpoetn

as 3.10.1

Inside, with the formation of a g.e.A.

expected by sucking air (eg the vacuumsafety).

a) blowers and compressors that therequirements of category 2 of Directive94/9/EC.

b) fan and compressor do not fully meet therequirements of category 2 of Directive94/9/EC.Explosion resistant (6 bar).In the inlet and outlet lines flame-failsafevalves are available.

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3.11.2

3.11.3

Environment established inareas of blowers andcompressors

Near set up outdoorsblowers and compressors

a) Plant technically permanently sealed.

b) Investment technically tight, directed flowof cooling air to the engine againstpossible exit points.

c) system can not be as close to technically

seen.Gas Detector coupled with technicalVentilation.

d) system can not be seen to be technically-tight.

How 3.11.2, but:Outdoors can as a result of weathering ratesagainst similar situations in rooms generally azone with low Geren requirements set or zonnenausdehnung be reduced.

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3.12

3.13

Pressure regulator forbiogas

RoomsWhere sludge isde-watered

a) Gas can leak from defective membraneinto a room;

b) as a);

c) as a), but discharge into the open air;

d) in addition to the safety diaphragmWorking diaphragm.

The formation of a g.e.A. is not expected.

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3.14

3.15

Areas, wh ich is storedin correspondingwsserter sapropel

Sludge dryer and space, isstored in which of driedmud

It with continued gas production torechnen, unless the sludge is conditioned witlime:

a) Outdoor storage e.g. (Sludge storage bin or openContainer);

b) storing in a container (e.g. silo);

c) as b);

d) storing in a room (e.g., in anHall);

e) as d).

In sludge drying plants with a g.e.A. likelydue to dust.

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Note:

Since October2002 is the BRE rules "health and safety" restructured and provided with

new names and part numbers. In coordination with the Main Association of theprofessional trade association publications were all the categories of "safetyregulations", "r ules for safety and health," "Information" and "princip les" category.

In upcoming revisions or reprints the publications to the new names and part numbersare changed. Thereby facilitating a transition period of approximately 3 to 5 years, thenew order numbers the previous order number i s added.

Furthermore, the transition to the new name and numbering of a so-called transfer listare removed, including the is published in the document directory and on the websiteof the Federation of Accident Insurance (www.unfallkassen.de).

The obligations underDirective 98/34/EC of the European

Parliament and of the Council of 22 June 1998 establishing an

information procedure in the field of technical standards and

regulations (OJ L 204, p 37), as last amended by Directive

98/48/ECof European PARLIAMENT and Council

20th July 1998 (OJ L 217, p 18), have been observed.

Documents

i-8594.de.en