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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WAUIINBTON, D.C. 20505
30 January 1981
MEMORANDUM FOR: The Director o f Central Intel l igence
FROM John Ns. Mctlahon Deputy Director for Operations
SUBJECT : I l R e p o r t I I
has been
and is t o be used only
1. Enclosed i s a reference by assigned t o the sources o f CIA'S Directorate of Operations. The word LzzJ l e t h i s mater ia l .
is c l a s s i f i e d authorized t o
2 . This repor t must be handled i n accordance with establ ished secu r i ty procedures. any purpose. Requests f o r extra copies of t h i s report o r f o r u t i l i z a t i o n of any p a r t of t h i s report i n any other farm should be addressed t o the or iginat ing o f f i ce .
I t may no t be reproduced f o r
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Dis t r ibu t ion :
The Director of Central In t e l l i gence
Director o f In t e l l i gence and Research Department of S t a t e
The Director , Defense In te l l igence Agency
The Ass i s t an t t o the Chief of Staff f o r In t e l l i gence Department of the Army
Director of Naval In t e l l i gence Department of t he Navy
The Ass i s t an t Chief of S t a f f , In t e l l i gence
Direc tor , National Securi ty Agency
Deputy Direc tor o f Central In t e l l i gence
llirector of t he National Foreign Assessment Center
U. S. A i r Force
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I I 3 L f f I I a Intelligence Information Special Report
COUNTRY Po land FIRDI- 312/00067- 8 1
DATE OF DATE 30 January 1981 INFO. October 1980
SUBJECT
Martial Law .Procedure i n Poland
SOURCE Documentary
Summary :
This report i s a t r ans l a t ion of a SECRET Polish document e n t i t l e d "Official Memorandum Pertaining to a S ta t e o f Martial Law." i n t e rna l t h r e a t t o Poland. Included i n the document is information on mart ia l law objectives and e f f e c t s on mi l i ta ry s e r v i c e , conscript service, c i v i l defense, mi l i ta r ized un i t s , and services performed on behalf of defense. Also included a re three attachments on martial law guidelines of the Chief of the General Staff of t he Polish Armed Forces, a d i r ec t ive of the National Defense Committee Chairman on m i l i t a r i z a t i o n when martial l a w i s i n force , and general information on defense a c t i v i t i e s undertaken during a s t a t e of martial l a w .
[Note:
Martial law may be declared when the re is an external or
For re la ted information, see FIRDB-312/00268-81 and FIRDB-312/00269- 81. J
End of Summary
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SECRET .
Off i c i a l Memorandum Pertaining t o a S ta t e of Martial Law*
I. General Data on Martial Law
' 1. The cons t i tu t ion of the Pol ish Peoples Republic e s t ab l i shes i n a r t i c l e 33, subsection 2, t ha t "the S t a t e Council may introduce mar t ia l law i n a p a r t o r the e n t i r e PPR t e r r i t o r y i f required f o r reasons o f nat ional defense o r nat ional securi ty . For these same reasons the S ta t e Council may proclaim p a r t i a l o r general mobilization."
Martial l a w within p a r t o r the e n t i r e PPR t e r r i t o r y f o r reasons of nat ional defense w i l l be introduced i n the event of an external thr%ZT, and f o r reasons of nat ional secur i ty- - in the event of i n t e rna l t h rea t .
* [Translator 's Note: The expression "martial law" is an a r b i t r a r y t r ans l a t ion of the Polish s t an wo enn , l i t e r a l l y "mil i tary or wartime s ta te ." This i s -* a s t a t e o wartime law, lying between s t an wojny ( s t a t e of war) and s t an atkow ( s t a t e of emergency or mar t ia l law). The teKt-0 appl ies t o c a p i t a l i s t countries or pre-comunisml-is not used i n the present Polish regime, Stan wo'enn i s defined by the Enc klo edia Powszechna (General q c & d & as a s t a t e law, t h e + i n t r o uct ion of which suspends ce r t a in c i v i l r i gh t s , and increases government authori ty and obl igat ions of c i t i zens . Martial law has ce r t a in consequences i n in t e rna l s t a t e conditions, because of external o r i n t e rna l th rea t . In Poland mar t i a l law may be introduced by the Council of S t a t e on p a r t o r a l l of the PPR t e r r i t o r y , i f t h i s i s i n the i n t e r e s t of s t a t e pro tec t ion o r securi ty . Introduction may be i n the form of a Council of S t a t e resolut ion, and the r e s u l t s of this s t a t e may be defined by law.]
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2 . I n accordance with the decis ions of the National Defense Committee, the in t roduct ion of m a r t i a l law within p a r t o r the e n t i r e PPR t e r r i t o r y takes p l ace ,on the bas i s o f a S t a t e Council r e so lu t ion .
3. The moment a s t a t e o f m a r t i a l law i s proclaimed f o r reasons of na t iona l defense, l e g a l a c t s assoc ia ted w i t h t h i s s t a t e w i l l be published i n compliance with the 1979 reso lu t ions of t he National Defense Committee, namely:
a u t h o r i t y and adminis t ra t ion:
opera t ion of organs of s t a t e au thor i ty and administration.when m a r t i a l law i s i n e f f e c t and i n time of war;
a ) per ta in ing t o the a c t i v i t i e s of organs of s t a t e
- a c o n s t i t u t i o n a l law on the p a r t i c u l a r method of
b) per ta in ing t o p reserva t ion o f na t iona l s e c u r i t y and p u b l i c order :
order when m a r t i a l law is i n e f f e c t ;
methods of confinement o f individuals considered a t h r e a t t o na t iona l s e c u r i t y or publ ic order when mar t i a l law is i n e f f e c t ;
- order of t he Minister of I n t e r n a l Affa i r s on compulsory r e g i s t r a t i o n and recording of t h e population when m a r t i a l law i s i n e f f e c t ;
- decree on preserva t ion of na t iona l s e c u r i t y and publ ic
- order of the Council o f Minis ters on p r i n c i p l e s and
c)
- decree on food economy and market supplies, and
per ta in ing t o d a i l y subs is tence of t he population:
subsis tence se rv ices f o r the population, when m a r t i a l law is i n e f f e c t ;
- order of the Council of Minis ters on the r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r d e l i v e r i e s on behalf of t he S t a t e and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c u l t i v a t i o n , and l i m i t a t i o n o f turnover and t r anspor t , of s p e c i f i c a g r i c u l t u r a l products ;
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- order of the Council of Ministers on scope, pr inc ip les , and manner of supply control f o r the population;
d) pertaining t o work obligation:
- - decree on work conditions when mar t ia l l a w i s i n e f fec t ;
obl igat ion when martial law i s i n e f f e c t ;
propert ies :
mart ia l law i s i n e f f e c t ;
- order of Council of Ministers on t h e general work
e ) pertaining t o u t i l i z a t i o n o f premises and
- decree on u t i l i z a t i o n of premises and propert ies when
f ) pertaining t o public finance:
- decree concerning the s ta te f inanc ia l system f o r t he period mart ia l law is i n e f f e c t ;
- resolut ion of the Council of Ministers concerning budget management when martial law i s i n e f f ec t ;
- resolut ion of t he Council of Ministers concerning a social ized economy operating i n accordance with pr inciples of economic accounting, as well as of t h e i r superior u n i t s , when mart ia l law i s i n e f f e c t .
4 . I n conformity with a r t i c l e 237 of t h e law on general obl igat ion t o defend the PPR "when a s t a t e of martial law is i n e f f e c t , regulations t h a t are obligatory during wartime a r e applied, i n the event t h a t the Council of S t a t e i n i t i a t i n g mar t ia l law does no t decide otherwise; these regulations pe r t a in ~
t o the obl igat ion of mi l i ta ry service, service i n c i v i l defense, : service i n mi l i ta r ized un i t s , and services on behalf of defense."
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I n regard t o t h e above t h e following genera l dec i s ions should be adopted:
a) I n t h e event o f a d e c l a r a t i o n of a s t a t e of t h r e a t t o n&io-nal_defe_nsq., no r e s t r i c t i o n s are a n t i c i p a t e d i n applying r e g u l a t i o n s for mobi l iza t ion and wartime pe r t a in ing t o m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e , s e r v i c e i n c i v i l defense, s e r v i c e i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s , and s e r v i c e s on behalf of defense;
f o r reasons of. n a t i o n a l sss-kr-ty, i n s t i t u t e t h e a p p l i c a t i o n of t h e s e same regu la t ions f o r mobi l iza t ion and wartime w i t h c e r t a i n r e s t r i c t i o n s proposed i n p a r t I1 of t h e memorandum.
n a t i o m L . h f sg.se- reasons t h e following r egu la t ions w i l l be appl ied pe r t a in ing to :
b) I n case of a d e c l a r a t i o n of a s t a t e of martial law
5 . I n case of i n t roduc t ion of a s ta te of m a r t i a l law f o r
a) Obligat ion of m i l i t a r y se rv ice :
- Order of t h e Council of Minis te rs concerning t h e d a i l y e f f o r t s o f members of m i l i t a r y f ami l i e s i n time of war ( a d r a f t d i r e c t i v e has been received by t h e Commission of t h e Office o f t h e Council o f Minis te rs ; however, i t r e q u i r e s f u r t h e r e l abora t ion ) ;
- Direc t ive No. 111 o f the Chairman o f t h e Council of Min i s t e r s , dated 2 7 October 1 9 7 1 , concerning wartime r e a c t i v a t i o n of m i l i t a r y r e g i s t r a t i o n of persons sub jec t t o genera l defense duty ( a l so r equ i r e s f u r t h e r e labora t ion) ; - .
- Direc t ive No. 13/MON of t h e Minis te r of Nat ional Defense, dated 7 February 1973, concerning t h e conduct of consc r ip t ion ( t h e r e is a l s o a need t o revise this d i r e c t i v e ) ;
- Direc t ive No. 16/MON of the Minis te r of National Defense, dated 2 2 December 1971 concerning m i l i t a r y r e g i s t r a t i o n during wartime of persons sub jec t t o gene ra l defense ob l iga t ion ;
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- Direc t ive No. 017/MON of the Minis ter of National Defense, dated 30 -December 1971, concerning performance of wartime m i l i t a r y serv ice by e n l i s t e d men and N C O ' s ;
- Direc t ive No. 013/MON of the Minis ter of National Defense, dated 14 Ju ly 1972 concerning wartime m i l i t a r y t r a i n i n g ;
b) Obligat ion of s e rv i ce i n c i v i l defense:
- Resolution No. 111/73 o f t he Council of Minis te rs , dated 18 May 1971 concerning c i v i l defense ( t h i s r e s o l u t i o n i s i n the process of being revised) ;
- Resolution No. 1 1 2 of t he Council of Minis te rs , dated 18 May 1973, concerning t r a in ing of t h e populat ion i n general s e l f -def ens8 ;
- Resolution of the National Defense Committee, dated 2 1 December 1 9 7 1 , concerning the formation of se l f -defense ;
- Minister of National Defense Direc t ive No. 3/MON, dated 15 January 1973, concerning the formation o f s e l f -de fense ;
c ) Obligation of s e rv i ce i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s : . . . - Resolution No. 0 2 / 7 0 of the National Defens-e
Committee, dated 24 March 197[?], concerning m i l i t a r i z a t i o n ( cu r ren t ly a new d r a f t i s being prepared);
- Minister of National Defense Direc t ive No. O l l / M O N , -.. dated 2 5 June 1 9 7 0 , concerning the assignment of organiza t iona l - mobi l iza t ion a l loca t ions t o u n i t s an t i c ipa t ed for m i l i t a r i z a t i o n and mi l i ta r iz .ed u n i t s , as w e l l a s concerning the c a l l u p f o r t r a i n i n g of u n i t s an t i c ipa t ed f o r m i l i t a r i z a t i o n ( the d i r e c t i v e r equ i r e s revision) ;
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d ) Services on behalf of defense:
- order of t he Council of Minis te rs , dated 3 September 1971 , concerning se rv ices on behalf of na t iona l defense: (a new d r a f t of t h e order has been prepared);
dated 1 6 October 1969, concerning the p r inc ip l e s and procedures of t r a n s f e r r i n g t r anspor t means, machines, and equipment ' for na t iona l defense needs ;
- Resolution No. 06/69 of the National Defense Committee, dated 30 October 1969, concerning the du t i e s of l o c a l organs of s t a t e adminis t ra t ion and c e r t a i n work establishments assoc ia ted wi th t h e need f o r immediate augmentation of t h e armed forces ;
- Resolution No. 185/69 of t he Council of Min i s t e r s ,
- Resolution No. 01 /70 o f t he National Defense Committee, dated 1 6 January 1 9 7 0 , concerning t h e fu l f i lmen t by o rgan iza t iona l u n i t s of s t a t e adminis t ra t ion and s o c i a l i z e d economy o f mobi l iza t ion t a sks f o r t h e needs of t he armed'forces;
I n t e r n a l Af fa i r s , and Communications, dated 1 5 December 1 9 7 5 , concerning fu l f i lmen t by l o c a l organs of s t a t e adminis t ra t ion , m i l i t a r y organs, Ci t izens M i l i t i a u n i t s , and postal-telecommunications o f f i c e s , of tasks assoc ia ted wi th t h e need f o r immediate augmentation of t he armed fo rces ; '
- d i r e c t i v e of t h e Minis ters of National Defense,
- d i r e c t i v e of the Minis ter of National Defense issued f o r t he execution of the normative a c t s mentioned above, per t a in ing t o : - t r a n s f e r of t r anspor t means, machines, and equipment
= p r i n c i p l e s , method, and procedures f o r t r a n s f e r r i n g
fo r na t iona l defense needs;
a i r c r a f t and wa te rc ra f t f o r na t iona l defense needs;
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fu l f i lmen t of undertakings a s soc ia t ed with prepara t ion of motor vehic les and machines f o r t r a n s f e r f o r na t iona l defense needs; - in t roduct ion of a m i l i t a r y i n s e r t t o t h e c i v i l i a n r e g i s t r a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e of motor vehic les assigned f o r armed fo rces needs ; - in t roduct ion of a m i l i t a r y i n s e r t t o the c i v i l i a n book of machines assigned f o r de l ive ry f o r armed forces needs.
11, _The A i m s and Effec ts of Introduct ion of a S t a t e o f Mar t ia l Law i n a P a r t or i n the E n t i r e PPR T e r r i t o r y for Reasons of National Secur i ty i n the F ie ld of Mi l i t a ry Serv ice , Al te rna te Conscript Service, Service i n C i v i l Defense, Serv ice i n Mi l i t a r i zed Units, and Services on Behalf of Defense . 1. In the F ie ld of- Mi l i t a ry Service
The in t roduct ion of a s t a t e of m a r t i a l law f o r reasons of na t iona l s e c u r i t y i n the f i e l d of m i l i t a r y serv ice should l ead t o app l i ca t ion of regula t ions o f the law on t h e general ob l iga t ion t o defend the PPR, per ta in ing t o m i l i t a r y se rv ice , i n t h e event of an announcement of mobil izat ion and i n time o f war ( a r t i c l e s 1 1 0 - 1 1 7 and a r t i c l e 133, subsection 1).
The PPR Const i tu t ion , i n a r t i c l e 33, subsect ion 2 ,
The adoption of such a provis ion gives r i s e t o :
au thor izes the app l i ca t ion of these ru l e s . . . .
a) replacement, by v i r t u e of t he law, of b a s i c m i l i t a r y se rv ice , m i l i t a r y t r a in ing o f s tudents and graduates of higher schools, m i l i t a r y exerc ises , and pe r iod ic m i l i t a r y serv ice- -wi th ac t ive m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e i n the event of announcement of mobi l iza t ion and i n time of war. charac te r ized by the f a c t t h a t it is of unl imited dura t ion and served under a system of more severe penal sanc t ions f o r m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e v i o l a t i o n s ;
Active m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e i s
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b) m i l i t a r y se rv ice , m i l i t a r y r e f r e s h e r t r a in ing , m i l i t a r y exe rc i se s , and per iodic mi l i ta ry . s e rv i ce u n t i l cance l l a t ion of t h e proclaimed s t a t e ;
c) r e s e r v i s t s and motor vehic les from the na t iona l economy i n q u a n t i t i e s according t o operat ional needs d i c t a t e d by t h e cu r ren t i n t e r n a l s i t u a t i o n of t h e country. The c a l l u p of r e s e r v i s t s t o ' a c t i v e duty and the r e q u i s i t i o n of motor vehic les would be accomplished i n accordance with the general p r i n c i p l e s mandatory during mobil izat ion, t h a t is, with d is regard f o r t he yea r ly e s t ab l i shed quotas o f conscr ip ts and r e s e r v i s t s c a l l e d t o m i l i t a r y se rv ice , and quotas of motor vehic les r equ i s i t i oned f o r the designated time. t i o n of t r anspor t means would be conducted i n a s e l e c t i v e and concealed manner, i n amounts according t o requirements. Mi l i t a ry u n i t s s e l e c t i v e l y es tab l i shed could be expanded i n t o t o or i n p a r t through mobil izat ion, depending on the necess i ty emanating from the i n t e r n a l domestic s i t u a t i o n and the tasks . Notices for c a l l u p o f r e s e r v i s t s and owners o f t ranspor t means would b e forwarded, i n p r inc ip l e , through p o s t a l - telecommunications o f f i c e s . The permanent loca t ion of m i l i t a r y u n i t s would serve , i n t h i s ins tance , a s t he place of mobil izat ion as wel l as t h e p lace f o r repor t ing f o r duty and r e q u i s i t i o n of t r anspor t means;
d) changes i n the organizat ion and conduct of conscr ip t ion , depending on t h e provinc ia l m i l i t a r y headquarters
' taking over these tasks from the l o c a l organs of s t a t e adminis t ra t ion . I n the event t he in t roduct ion of a s t a t e of martial law coincides with t h e conscr ipt ion t ime-- the Minis te r of National Defense issues the order f o r conscr ipt ion, and it is conducted by reg iona l and provinc ia l conscr ip t ion commissions appointed by t h e c h i e f s of provinc ia l m i l i t a r y headquarters , t h e composition of which i s spec i f i ed by the Minis ter of National Defense ;
h a l t i n r e l e a s e of personnel completing b a s i c
mobil izat ion augmentation o f m i l i t a r y u n i t s with
The ca l lup of r e s e r v i s t s and t h e r e q u i s i -
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e ) in t roduct ion of p r inc ip l e s for deferment of consc r ip t s from m i l i t a r y se rv ice only f o r h e a l t h reasons. g ran t ing o f deferment because o f , providing d i r e c t ca re f o r a member of the family, s o l e support of t he family, educat ion, profess ion , and farming becomes inva l id by v i r t u e of t he law. This does not mean, however, t h a t such consc r ip t s would be immediately c a l l e d f o r a c t i v e duty i n the event of in t roduct ion of mobi l iza t ion and i n time of war;
covered by [defense work] deferment. of m a r t i a l law, because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y , t h i s may be appl ied without an exemption c e r t i f i c a t e prepared i n peacetime.
on ob l iga to ry duty a f t e r cance l l a t ion of m a r t i a l law would be made by au tho r i ty of t he Minister of National Defense. not exclude the p o s s i b i l i t y of exempting personnel during a s t a t e of m a r t i a l law because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y , which would a l s o be done by au tho r i ty of t he Minis ter of National Defense.
The
f ) exemption from m i l i t a r y se rv ice of r e s e r v i s t s I n t h e event o f d e c l a r a t i o n '
g) exemption from ac t ive m i l i t a r y se rv ice of personnel
This does ,
Fulf i l lment o f measures i n the f i e l d of m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e would proceed on the basis of the law on general ob l iga t ion for defense of the PPR, s p e c i f i c normative a c t s i n poin t Sa of t h e f i r s t s e c t i o n of t he memorandum, and i n t h e f i e l d o f conscr ip t ion based on the au tho r i ty of c h i e f s of p r w i n c i a l m i l i t a r y headquarters t o e s t a b l i s h reg iona l and p rov inc ia l d r a f t boards, and no t i ces on conscr ip t ion i n the area of t he m i l i t a r y replacement command.
Minis te r of National Defense i n m i l i t a r y t r a i n i n g which i n a s t a t e of m a r t i a l law, because of na t iona l s ecu r i ty , should continue according t o p r inc ip l e s an t i c ipa t ed i n peacetime.
I t would be expedient t o suspend only the au tho r i ty of the
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I n add i t ion , new laws on t r ade unions should guarantee undis turbed f u l f i l m e n t of tasks stemming from the law on the genera l ob l iga t ion of defending .the PPR a t t he time of str ikes. This would mean t h a t persons pledged t o f u l f i l l t h e i r ob l iga t ion of defense o r c a l l e d t o perform serv ices on behalf of defense, including m i l i t a r y se rv ice , during a s t a t e of m a r t i a l law cannot be p ro tec t ed from f u l f i l l i n g t h i s ob l iga t ion by the r i g h t t o s t r i k e .
I n t h e event of t he in t roduct ion and ex is tence o f m a r t i a l law due t o n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y , in tens ive e f f o r t should be undertaken i n the armed forces t o c l a r i f y t h e substance and na ture of the m a r t i a l law introduced a s wel l as t he du t i e s and a u t h o r i t y of personnel r e su l t i ng ,from t h e changes i n the method of performing a c t i v e duty. This e f f o r t should be conducted on the b a s i s of t h e guide l ines of the Chief of the. General S t a f f o f the Pol i sh Armed Forces.
2. In t h e F ie ld of Al te rna te Conscript Service
Al t e rna te conscr ip t se rv ice , i n conformity with the general ob l iga t ion for defense of t he PPR, is performed by conscr ip ts only i n peacetime.
I t seems t o be meaningless t o suspend t h i s s e r v i c e the moment a s t a t e of m a r t i a l law is declared f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y reasons. This problem can be resolved in two ways:
the moment mar t i a l law i s declared t h i s type of s e r v i c e can be replaced by a work obl iga t ion , which would b e introduced on t h e basis of a decree of the Council of S t a t e and an order of t he Council of Minis ters pe r t a in ing t o t h i s ma t t e r (point 3, page Z--Part I of t h e Memorandum). A t t h a t time t h e conscr ip ts performing a l t e r n a t e conscr ip t s e rv i ce would become employees of t he same p lan ts ; however, they would be covered by a a r t i c u l a r work obl iga t ion . This p r inc ip l e should be included i n
goth t h e decree mentioned above on work condi t ions when m a r t i a l law i s i n e f f e c t and the order of t he Council of Minis te rs concerning the genera l work obl iga t ion when martial law is i n e f f e c t ;
a)
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b ) I n the event t h e general work ob l iga t ion i s not introduced during t h e per iod of mar t i a l law f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y reasons, no o ther changes should b e made i n the manner of performing a l t e r n a t e conscr ip t se rv ice ; it should not be suspended, but continued i n accordance with p r i n c i p l e s e s t ab l i shed i n peacetime. This i s i n conformity with the p r i n c i p l e t h a t m a r t i a l law f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y reasons w i l l be , dec la red as a r u l e during peacetime, whereas t h i s same s t a t e f o r defense reasons can be declared by law during peacetime when the re a r e ind ica t ions of ex te rna l t h r e a t .
3. In C i v i l Defense Service
In t roduct ion of a s t a t e of mar t i a l law i n the a r e a of c i v i l defense se rv ice , because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y , should be brought about by applying regula t ions on the general ob l iga t ion for defense of t h e PPR per ta in ing t o a c t i v e se rv ice i n c i v i l defense i f mobi l iza t ion i s declared, and i n wartime ( a r t i c l e 142 po in t 2 , a r t i c l e 157 , and a r t i c l e 167 subsect ion 3) .
following:
a ) s u b s t i t u t i o n , by v i r t u e of t h e l a w , o f bas ic s e r v i c e i n c i v i l defense and exerc ises i n t h i s defense--with a c t i v e c i v i l defense se rv ice if mobil izat ion is declared, and i n wartime. Active se rv ice i n c i v i l defense denotes the following:
. The adoption o f such d i r e c t i v e s w i l l br ing about t h e
I I - conscr ip ts i n bas i c c i v i l defense se rv ice w i l l remain with no t i m e - l i m i t being f ixed . How these conscr ip ts should be employed, and organiza t iona l ly d ra f t ed i n t o u n i t s i n which they w i l l se rve , should be determined by a Council of Minis te rs r e so lu t ion on c i v i l defense, both i n p a r t per ta in ing t o c i v i l defense u n i t organizat ion, as well as i n p a r t def in ing r egu la t ions on a c t i v e c i v i l defense se rv ice f o r the per iod when mobi l iza t ion is declared, and i n wartime;
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- r e s e r v i s t s , and other ind iv idua ls who have received t h e i r o rganiza t iona l mobil izat ion assignments t o service i n c i v i l defense, a r e obl iga ted t o perform t h i s se rv ice f o r the du ra t ion and i n a capac i t The essence
combat readiness f o r performing c i v i l defense t a sks , a s wel l as being obl iga ted t o appear f o r every ca l l of c i v i l defense organiza t ion commandants, manager of the work place, o r town c h i e f , i r r e s p e c t i v e of t he time of day and o the r circumstances, as w e l l a s f o r t h e purpose of performing tasks i n connection with p ro tec t ion of t h e population and places of employment and a l s o a s s i s t i n g vict ims. C i v i l defense formations c o n s i s t of p l a n t ,
der iving from c i v i l defense tasks . of service f o r t K ese ind iv idua ls cons i s t s i n being i n cons tan t
reg iona l and s p e c i a l c i v i l defense u n i t s ; /- - ..._.- -..-
b) confining c e r t a i n c i v i l defense u n i t s t o barracks I for opera t iona l purposes, as ordered by the competent min i s t e r or p rov inc ia l governor;
c) bear ing penal r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r offenses committed i n connection with t h i s s e rv i ce , i n accordance with r egu la t ions pe r t a in ing t o personnel on a c t i v e duty i n case mobil izat ion i s dec lared and i n wartime.
Act ive duty i n c i v i l defense on a na t iona l s c a l e can includt as many a s m i l l i o n people, about 40;OOO of which a r e conscr ipt : (about 20,000 ' in the cu r ren t 2-year term serv ice) who, p r i o r t o in t roduct ion of the s t a t e o f mar t i a l law would be i n b a s i c c i v i l defense se rv ice .
Implementation of these measures would have t o be on t h e basis of t he law on general ob l iga t ion f o r defense of t h e PPR, and also normative documents spec i f i ed i n poin t Sb--page 4 - - p a r t I of t h e memorandum,
A l l r e so lu t ions spec i f i ed i n t h i s po in t w i l l be superseded a newly prepared document on c i v i l defense, and the Cb-ief o f b
organiza t ion and manner of serv ice . t K e National, .Civil Defense w i l l def ine the d e t a i l e d c i v i l defensc
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r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r not performing i h e i r du t i e s i n a c t i v e c i v i l defense se rv ice . I t is assumed t h a t such guide l ines should be compiled i n advance by the National C i v i l Defense Inspec tora te and urgent ly de l ivered t o p l a n t managers or l o c a l leaders a s soon as the s t a t e of m a r t i a l law i s p u t i n e f f e c t .
4 . I n t h e F ie ld of Service i n Mi l i t a r i zed Units
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I n case a s t a t e of m a r t i a l law i s proclaimed because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y , i t would be necessary t o c a r e f u l l y update o rgan iza t iona l mobi l iza t ion assignments of ind iv idua ls envisioned f o r performing a c t i v e se rv ice i n c i v i l defense u n i t s i n coordin- a t i o n w i t h competent m i l i t a r y replacement headquarters on numbers and ca tegor ies of conscr ip ts and preconscr ip ts , as well as r e s e r v i s t s prescr ibed by t he Minis ter of National Defense ( a r t i c l e 150 subsect ion 2 of the law on general defense ob l iga t ion ) , depending on requirements, t o form new u n i t s , o r increase personnel s t r e n g t h of e x i s t i n g formations.
In add i t ion , simultaneously with the in t roduct ion of t h i s s t a t e , t h e r e would be t h e i s s u e of guidel ines o f the Chief of National C i v i l Defense on t h e matter of conducting an explanatory campaign among consc r ip t s , r e s e r v i s t s and persons assigned t o c i v i l defense se rv ice , on the type and essence of m a r t i a l law i n a c t i v e se rv ice wi th in the c i v i l refense system, r i g h t s and ob l iga t ions of persons i n se rv i ce , quar te r ing of these ind iv idua ls during s e r v i c e , d u t i e s when executing orders of super iors , as wel l a s t h e i r penal
The in t roduct ion o f t h e s t a t e of m a r t i a l law f o r na t iona l
eacetime organizational-mobilizational assignments a r e not made.
s e c u r i t y i n the f i e l d of s e rv i ce i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s should apply only t o u n i t s proposed f o r m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , t o which i n
!hese a r e the organiza t iona l u n i t s and components c i t e d i n Attachment 2 of National Defense Committee Resolution No. 02/70 , dated 2 4 March 1 9 7 0 , and subordinate t o the Minis ters o f : Transportat ion; Forestry and Timber Industry; Communications; Administration, Local Economy and Environmental Pro tec t ion ; Foreign Trade and Maritime Economy; Agr icu l ture ; Light Indus t ry ; and Domestic Trade and Services; and a l s o [subordinate] t o t h e Chairman of t he S t a t e Council of Mater ia l Economy.
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The in t roduc t ion of the s t a t e of m a r t i a l law would not apply t o e x i s t i n g organiza t iona l u n i t s of s t a t e adminis t ra t ion and n a t i o n a l economy, newly formed spec ia l i zed organiza t iona l u n i t s of c i v i l defense formations, cit 'ed i n attachment No. 1 of t h i s Resolution, t o which, i n peacetime, organi za t iona l -mobi l iza t ion assignments a r e made.
i n m i l i t a r i z a t i o n c e r t a i n of these u n i t s , t o which i n peacetime organizational-mobilizational assignments a r e made, it would be necessary t o au thor ize the Chairman of t h e National Defense Committee t o make these decis ions on the bas i s o f proposals from t h e min i s t e r s o r provinc ia l governors (pres idents of p rov inc ia l - l e v e l c i t i e s ) , a s wel l as on the b a s i s of a proposal o f the Minis te r o f National Defense i n reference t o u n i t s sub jec t t o t r a n s f e r t o t h e armed forces f o r a given per iod o f time, o r designated t o perform s p e c i f i c missions on t h e i r beha l f .
t h e requirements of the law of un iversa l ob l iga t ion for the defense of t h e PPR appl icable to m i l i t a r i z e d serv ice would be appl ied i n the event of a proclamation.of mobil izat ion and i n time of war ( a r t i c l e s 183, 186-189, 191-198 and 234 of the law on the un ive r sa l ob l iga t ion for the defense of t he PPR).
Nevertheless, i n the event the need should a r i s e t o include
In connection with the f i r s t group covered by m i l i t a r i z a t i o n ,
The app l i ca t ion of such a course o f ac t ion would cause:
a )
b)
The c a l l u p of persons employed i n these u n i t s t o
t h e in t roduct ion in to worg condi t ions f o r ind iv idua ls
s e r v i c e i n m i l i t a r i z e d un i t s on the b a s i s o f law;
assigned t o such se rv ice , o f forms and methods approximating organized se rv ice and m i l i t a r y d i s c i p l i n e ;
c ) the appl ica t ion , i n connection with such ind iv idua l s , of a s p e c i a l work ob l iga t ion , which s p e c i f i e s t h a t ind iv idua ls c a l l e d up f o r such serv ice cannot u n i l a t e r a l l y terminate t h e s e r v i c e r e l a t i o n s h i p and e s t ab l i shes t h e r i g h t t o : e s t a b l i s h t h e du ra t ion o f t h e i r s e rv i ce according t o requirements stemming from the defense assignment; l e g a l l y ass ign them t o another p o s i t i o n , t o t r a n s f e r them t o o ther u n i t s , and, depending on requirements, p lace time i n b i l l e t s .
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d ) t h e i r assumption of penal r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r of fenses committed i n connection with t h i s s e r v i c e , according t regu la t ions appl icable to personnel on a c t i v e m i l i t a r y duty i n the event of a proclamation of mobil izat ion and i n time of war.
0
r- On the b a s i s of proposals described above, t h e number of
c i t i z e n s who would be involved i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s e r v i c e f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y under m a r t i a l law would approximate 1 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
Implementation of these proposals would be on the b a s i s of the law of universa l ob l iga t ion f o r t he defense of t h e PPR, and on t h e b a s i s of documents, appl icable i n the event of the . i n t roduc t ion of a s t a t e of mar t i a l law i n the i n t e r e s t of . na t iona l defense, spec i f i ed i n Pa r t I of the Memorandum (poin t SC) .
I n addi t ion , i n the Council of S t a t e r e so lu t ion on the d e c l a r a t i o n of mar t i a l law i n the i n t e r e s t of s t a t e s e c u r i t y , i t would be necessary t o au thor ize the Chairman of t h e National Defense Committee t o designate s p e c i f i c a l l y u n i t s pro jec ted f o r m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , which a re t o be m i l i t a r i z e d during m a r t i a l law.
On t h i s b a s i s , i t i s e s s e n t i a l t o prepare an appropr ia te Nat ional Defense Committee order which would accomplish t h e following: determine u n i t s t o be included wi th in m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , and o b l i g a t e minis te rs and provinc ia l governors t o n o t i f y workers em loyed i n subordinate work establishments t h a t the p l a n t s a r e
m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s , t o suspend ex i s t ing work condi t ions , advise on ob l iga t ions and r i g h t s of persons on duty i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s , . as w e l l a s on r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s i n the event of f a i l u r e to meet ob l iga t ions r e s u l t i n g from t h i s se rv ice . Defense Committee order , together with da t a on consequences of
su E j e c t t o m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , t o c a l l up workers f o r s e r v i c e i n
A d r a f t f o r a National
introducing m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , i s i n Attachment No. 2. i
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Services on Behalf of Defense
Declarat ion of a s t a t e of mar t i a l law because of s t a t e s e c u r i t y should a l s o determine the b a s i s for promulgating l e g a l r egu la t ions on the general ob l iga t ion f o r defense of t h e PPR per t a in ing t o personal and mater ia l s e rv i ces ( a r t i c l e s 203-207) , t r a n s f e r of t r anspor t means, t o o l s , machines and equipment f o r n a t i o n a l defense needs ( a r t i c l e s 208-213), and s p e c i a l s e rv i ces a t t h e time of dec la ra t ion of mobil izat ion and i n wartime ( a r t i c l e s 214-216).
Acceptance of such an assumption would permit mobil izat ion of combat u n i t s t o take advantage of planned personal and m a t e r i a l s e rv i ces i n case of mobilization. This would c r e a t e a bas i s f o r r equ i s i t i on ing f rom t h e na t iona l economy, as needed, t r anspor t means, t o o l s , machines and equipment by m i l i t a r y u n i t s undergoing mobil izat ion, a s wel l as m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s . In necessary cases i n t h i s s t a t e s p e c i a l s e rv i ces f o r t h e armed fo rces could a l s o b e c a r r i e d out , such as de l ive ry of ca l lup papers t o r e s e r v i s t s , and performing cour i e r and messenger se rv i ce with personal vehic les f o r l o c a l government adminis- t r a t i v e organs, forming of m i l i t a r y u n i t s based on s t a t e i n s t i t u t i o n s and en te rp r i se s , as well a s c o l l e c t i v e organiza t ions .
adminis t ra t ive organs and c iv i l defense u n i t s , e spec ia l ly s p e c i a l i s t CD u n i t s , may b e used on t h i s same basis.
These measures would be based on laws on the genera l ob l iga t ion f o r defense of the PPR, and normative documents appl icable a t t h e time mar t i a l law i s declared because of na t iona l defense, mentioned i n p a r t I of t h e memorandum (poin t 5d).
Declarat ion o f mar t i a l law because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y r equ i r e s in t roduct ion of an extensive i n t e r p r e t i v e e f f o r t f o r t h e e n t i r e publ ic .
In add i t ion , f o r personal and ma te r i a l s e rv i ces , s t a t e
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This e f f o r t should explain t o t h e publ ic t h e e f f e c t s and var ious aspec ts o f t h i s s t a t e , about which they should be informed and with which they should comply.
The proper means f o r conducting t h i s work should be the mass media. I t appears t h a t these media should begin t h i s i n t e r p r e t i v e e f f o r t a f t e r a pronouncement of t he r ep resen ta t ive of t h e supreme government au tho r i ty o f t h e PPR, i n which he would expla in t h e d e c l a r a t i o n of a s t a t e of mar t i a l law because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y , and a l s o the p r inc ipa l reasons f o r t h i s d e c l a r a t i o n and i t s e f f e c t s .
only defense ob l iga t ions which e x i s t i n consequence o f the d e c l a r a t i o n of mar t i a l law because of na t iona l s e c u r i t y , designed for use by t h e mass media.
Attachments:
Attachment 3 i s a d r a f t of general information concerning
I
1. Guidelines o f t h e Chief of General S t a f f of t he Pol i sh Armed Forces Aimed a t C l a r i f i c a t i o n of Consequences Aris ing from Introducing Mar t ia l Law Based on Concern f o r National Secur i ty i n Regard t o Mi l i ta ry Service Obligation.
2. Draf t Di rec t ive of National Defense Committee Chairman No .... dated ..... 19. . on Scope o f M i l i t a r i z a t i o n i n the Period when Mart ia l Law i s i n Force which was Proclaimed for National Secur i ty Reasons, and Guidelines on No t i f i ca t ion o f Individuals on Callup t o Service i n Mi l i t a r i zed Units i n Connection with a Proclamation of Mart ia l Law i n the I n t e r e s t of National Securi ty .
3. General Information on Measures i n the Defense of t h e PPR During t h e Period when Mart ia l Law i s i n Force for Reasons of National Secur i ty (for Mass Media).
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Attachment 1
GUIDELINES of t h e Chief o f General S t a f f o f t h e Po l i sh Armed
Forces on A c t i v i t i e s Aimed a t C l a r i f i c a t i o n of Consequences Ar is ing from Introducing Mar t i a l Law Based on Concern f o r National Secur i ty i n
Regard t o Mi l i t a ry Service Obl iga t ion
In t roduc t ion by t h e Council o f S t a t e of m a r t i a l law due t o concern f o r s e c u r i t y requi res t h a t we conduct i n t h e armed fo rces u n i t s i n t e n s i v e explanatory a c t i v i t y with a l l t h e m i l i t a r y personnel on a c t i v e m i l i t a r y duty as well as r e s e r v i s t s c a l l e d t o a c t i v e duty. employees and among persons performing personal and material s e rv i ces on behalf o f m i l i t a r y u n i t s .
personnel concerned t h e reasons t h a t m a r t i a l law was introduced and remains i n f o r c e out of cons idera t ion f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y , t o c l a r i f y t h e consequences which foll$ed in t roduc t ion o f martial law, p a r t i c u l a r l y those pe r t a in ing t o mil i tary duty to famil iar ize them with ob l iga t ions and r i g h t s of m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e r e s u l t i n g from performing it during m a r t i a l law as well as t o inform them abaut more severe penal l i a b i l i t y f o r v i o l a t i o n o r inadequate performance of defense ob l iga t ion during t h e pe r iod martial law is i n fo rce .
by mass media cen te r s i n connection w i t h i n t roduc t ion and a p p l i c a b i l i t y of m a r t i a l law out o f cons idera t ion f o r n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y ; i t should a l s o be based on positions and principles e s t a b l i s h e d by these guide l ines .
This work must a l s o be done among c i v i l i a n army
The aim of t h i s work i s t o c l a r i f y f o r m i l i t a r y and o t h e r
The explanatory work should be based on m a t e r i a l s publ ished
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P r i n c i p l e s of t h e explanat-ry work a r e
1. On the bas i s of a r t i c l e 33, subsect ion 2 o f Cons t i tu t ion of t h e Pol i sh Peoples Republic the Council of S t a t e es tab l i shed , through t h e r e s o l u t i o n of ..... 19.., m a r t i a l law because of concern f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y for a l l (or p a r t ) o f the na t iona l t e r r i t o r y . Discuss causes given i n mass mdia centers .
2 . In accordance with decis ions of t h e above-mentioned r e s o l u t i o n and provis ions contained i n a r t i c l e 237 o f 2 1 November 1967 on General Obligation t o Defend the Po l i sh Peoples Republic--persons performing t h e i r conscr ip t s e r v i c e , m i l i t a r y r e t r a i n i n g , m i l i t a r y exerc ises , and temporary m i l i t a r y duty have become s o l d i e r s during t h e i r a c t i v e m i l i t a r y duty upon the proclamation of mobil izat ion o r i n time of war. This s e r v i c e i s o f unlimited dura t ion and ceases when the s t a t e o f m a r t i a l law i s l i f t e d .
3. medical m i l i t a r y commission when they a r e declared t o be
personnel on ac t ive duty may be released:
temporarily incapable of performing m i l i t a r y duty;
Personnel on ac t ive duty nay be re leased only by a
. permanently incapable of performing m i l i t a r y serv ice . Thus,
a) when a medical m i l i t a r y commission dec lares them
b) a s a r e s u l t of deferment;
c )
Conscripts, declared capable of m i l i t a r y duty as wel l a s
upon order of t h e Minister of National Defense.
4 . r e s e r v i s t s , regard less of t h e i r former designat ion wi th in c i v i l defense o r in militarized units, may be called at any time to ac t ive mi l i t a ry duty under mar t ia l law occasioned by nat iona l security.
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5 . Family members who a r e dependents of personnel on a c t i v e m i l i t a r y duty during a period of t h r e a t of war proclaimed f o r na t iona l s e c u r i t y reasons a r e sub jec t t o s p e c i a l en t i t l ements def ined i n the Council o f Minis ters decree of ..... 19 . . deal ing with mat te rs of m i l i t a r y benef i t s .
proclamation o f mobil izat ion o r i n time of war who have not repor ted f o r t h i s duty i n t h e spec i f ied time and p lace , wi th i n t e n t t o avoid t h i s duty f o r a longer time o r permanently, and f o r offenses connected with t h i s duty, a r e subjec t t o penal l i a b i l i t y ranging from depr iva t ion of freedom up t o and including the dea th penal ty .
6. Individuals c a l l e d t o a c t i v e m i l i t a r y duty upon
. .
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Attachment 2
DIRECTIVE OF NATIONAL DEFENSE COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN NO ...., dated ..... 1 9 . . On the Scope of M i l i t a r i z a t i o n
i n the Period when Mar t ia l Law is i n Force for National Securi ty Reasons
On the b a s i s of Council of S t a t e r e so lu t ion of ..... 19.. on Proclamation of Mart ia l Law for National Secur i ty Reasons, t h e following d i r e c t i v e i s issued:
Sect ion I
1. Units planned f o r m i l i t a r i z a t i o n spec i f i ed i n Attachment 2 of Resolution No. 02 /70 of the National Defense Committee o f 24 March 1970 On Matters of M i l i t a r i z a t i o n (Committee of National Defense B u l l e t i n No. 20-1 item 1 0 8 and No. 24-A item 122) a r e herewith cons t i t u t ed as m i l i t a r i z e d un i t s .
2 . Expanding m i l i t a r i z a t i o n procedures t o include u n i t s planned t o be m i l i t a r i z e d as spec i f i ed i n Attachment No, 1 of t h e r e s o l u t i o n r e f e r r e d t o i n subsection 1, may depend on needs consonant with proposals of min is te rs o r p rov inc ia l governors (pres idents of c i ty-provinces) as wel l as proposals of t h e Minis ter of National Defense i n regard t o u n i t s subject t o t r a n s f e r t o the armed fo rces f o r a s p e c i f i c period of time o r designated t o perform. s p e c i f i c tasks f o r the armed f o r c e s - - a l l t h i s i n accordance with the decis ion of the National Defense Committee Chairman.
Sect ion 2
1. Minis ters and provinc ia l governors (pres idents of c i ty -provinces) w i l l inform d i r e c t o r s of subordinate u n i t s envisaged f o r m i l i t a r i z a t i o n of the fact t h a t these units a r e s u b j e c t t o m i l i t a r i z a t i o n ; they w i l l also ensure t h a t employees of work establishments covered by m i l i t a r i z a t i o n a r e informed on c a l l u p t o se rv i ce i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s , on du t i e s and r i g h t s connected with t h i s s e rv i ce , and on the l i a b i l i t y of punishment f o r of fenses committee i n connection with t h i s se rv ice .
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2 . Noti f icat ion of employees on matters referred to in’ subsection 1 should be made in accordance with guidel ines i n the annnex t o t h i s d irec t ive .
Section 3
The d irec t ive comes into force as of ...... 1 9 . .
Chairman o f the National Defense Committee
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Annex t o Attachment 2 --1 Defense
, Committee Chairman)
GUIDELINES On Not i f i ca t ion of Individuals of t h e i r Callup
t o Service i n Mi l i t a r i zed Units i n Connection w i t h a Proclamation of Mar t ia l Law i n the
I n t e r e s t of National Secur i ty
1. Indiv idua ls c a l l e d t o serve i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s i n . -
connection with proclamation of mar t i a l law i n the i n t e r e s t of na t iona l s e c u r i t y should be n o t i f i e d of t h e f a c t t ha t t h i s law was proclaimed, t h a t the given organized u n i t i s subjec t t o m i l i t a r i z a t i o n and of t h e consequences f o r ind iv idua ls concerned.
organiza t iona l u n i t envisaged f o r m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , and he becomes a s of t h a t moment d i r e c t o r o f the m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t .
information, makes use of the guiding p r inc ip l e s presented below.
2 . This information i s forwarded by t h e d i r e c t o r of t h e
3 . The d i r e c t o r o f t h e m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t , forwarding t h i s
Topics o f Information
1. The Council o f S t a t e of the Po l i sh Peoples Republic has proclaimed on the bas i s of a r t i c l e 33 subsect ion 2 of the Cons t i tu t ion of the Pol ish Peoples Republic, by r e so lu t ion dated ..... 1 9 ..., m a r t i a l l a w i n the i n t e r e s t of na t iona l defense and.. s e c u r i t y i n a par t ( i f s o , which) or the whole t e r r i t o r y of the nat ion. Discuss reasons for proclamation o f mar t i a l law.
proclamation of mar t i a l law and i n connection with provis ions of a r t i c l e 237 o f the r e so lu t ion o f 21 November 1967 on t h e general ob l iga t ion to defend the Pol i sh Peoples Republic during the per iod m a r t i a l law is i n force , ind iv idua ls employed i n u n i t s sub jec t t o m i l i t a r i z a t i o n a r e l e g a l l y c a l l e d t o perform s e r v i c e i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s .
2 . I n accordance with the CounCil of S t a t e r e so lu t ion on
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3. (Our) or (use name of) ............. p l a n t i s hereby m i l i t a r i z e d on the b a s i s of Resolution No. 02/70 of the N a t i o n a l . Defense Committee of 2 4 March 1 9 7 0 on the sub jec t of m i l i t a r i z a t i o n , and on the bas i s of d i r e c t i v e of the National Defense-Committee No .... o f ..... 19.. on t h e scope o f m i l i t a r i z a t i o n i n t h e per iod when m a r t i a l law, proclaimed f o r na t iona l s t a t e s e c u r i t y reasons, is in e f f e c t .
This means t h a t persons employed a t t h i s p l a n t have been c a l l e d t o se rv i ce i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s .
4 . Callup for se rv ice i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s suspends f o r the dura t ion of m a r t i a l law t h e present work r e l a t i o n i n i t i a t e d on t h e b a s i s o f labor code provis ions, and se rv ice (present work) i n these u n i t s becomes henceforth m i l i t a r y se rv ice both i n regard t o erformance of t a sks (work) as well as i n r e s p o n s i b i l i t y for
!reach of ob l iga t ions connected with t h i s service.
5 . . Performing se rv ice i n m i l i t a r y u n i t s means t h a t :
a) t h e ind iv idua l ca l l ed t o this se rv ice and performing t h i s s e r v i c e may not u n i l a t e r a l l y sever t h e se rv ice r e l a t i o n with the u n i t ;
b) r e l e a s e from duty i n m i l i t a r i z e d - u n i t s may occur only i n case o f loss of capab i l i t y f o r performance of work, or a t t a i n i n g t h e age of 6 5 by men o r 60 by women. However, even i n these cases , t h e d i r e c t o r of a m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t may r e t a i n the se rv ices of persons with p a r t i c u l a r q u a l i f i c a t i o n s who have a t t a i n e d the age mentioned above but whose hea l th allows them t o cont inue performance of duty;
non-barracks form. c ) t h i s duty may be performed i n barracks or
Not i f i ca t ion should b e given t o the p l a n t regarding t h e form i n which se rv ice i s performed as decided by the appropriate min i s t e r o r p rov inc ia l governor (pres ident o f c i ty -p rov ince ) ;
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d) t r a n s f e r r e d they may be t r ans fe r r ed from one m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t t o another i n accordance wi th a dec is ion by a super ior organ.
6. On t h e bas i s of a dec i s ion by a minis te r (provincial governor) our u n i t i s sub jec t t o the following work schedule. Discuss he re t h e work hours, r e s t breaks, p r inc ip l e s f o r discharge from work, and o ther r u l e s o f t h i s type-.
u n i t s :
t o follow orders of t h e i r super iors i n duty mat te rs ;
s p e c i f i c tasks of the work establishment as defined by super ior u n i t s o r a uni t d i r e c t o r .
t h e r e i s a p o s s i b i l i t y t h a t ind iv idua ls may be o a d i f f e r e n t type of work i n the same u n i t , o r t h a t
7 . Duties of persons subj'ect to se rv ice i n the m i l i t a r i z e d
a )
b)
persons serving i n m i l i t a r i z e d un i f s a r e obl iga ted
o ther d u t i e s and instruct i .ons r e s u l t i n g from
8 . as fol lows:
rece ive pay less than t h a t whic K they received p r i o r t o t h e i r c a l l t o duty;
ind iv idua ls l i v ing i n barracks a r e e n t i t l e d t o a l e v e l of subs is tence defined by the National Defense Committee. Service ind iv idua l s l i v i n g i n barracks should be given d e t a i l s on t h i s mat te r ; - ..
Rights of persons serving i n the m i l i t a r i z e d units are
a ) persons c a l l e d t o erform t h i s s e rv i ce may not
b)
c ) other r i g h t s based on performance of s e r v i c e i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s (bonuses, leave, e t c . ) .
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9. Penal l i a b i l i t y .
Persons obl iga ted t o perforpl s e rv i ce i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s who do not r e p o r t i n a s p e c i f i c time and a t a s p e c i f i c p lace f o r duty, o r who f o r a longer time o r permanently attempt t o avoid . t h e se rv i ce obl iga t ion , o r who do not execute or r e fuse t o accept orders of t h e i r super iors i n regard t o duty m a t t e r s - - a l l a r e sub jec t t o punishment by deprivat ion of freedom including f o r 2 years and up t o the death penal ty , as spec i f i ed i n cr iminal regula t ions .
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Attachment 3
GENERAL I NFORMAT ION On Measures Taken f o r Defense of the Pol i sh Peoples Republic During the Period Mar t ia l Law is i n Force
f o r Reasons of National Secur i ty ( f o r mass media cen te r s )
Due t o the appearance of a se r ious i n t e r n a l t h r e a t t o n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y the Council o f S t a t e of t h e Po l i sh Peoples
’ Republic has proclaimed by i t s r e so lu t ion No.... of ..... 19.. based on a r t i c l e 33 subsection 2 of Pol i sh Peoples Republic Cons t i t u t ion m a r t i a l law i n p a r t of the (or the whole) t e r r i t o r y of t he nat ion.
I t is pub l i c ly announced t h a t proclamation of m a r t i a l l a w has the following consequences i n regard t o defense obl iga t ion , funct ioning o f organs of au thor i ty and adminis t ra t ion, safeguarding na t iona l s ecu r i ty and publ ic order , p rovis ion of basic food and i n d u s t r i a l a r t i c l e s , l abor ob l iga t ion , f i n a n c i a l management, . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( w e should l i s t a l l economic, p o l i t i c a l and o the r f a c e t s of l i f e which w i l l undergo changes and about which the pub l i c should be well informed).
genera l ob l iga t ion t o defend the Pol i sh Peoples Republic i n connection with the proclamation of a s t a t e of war t h r e a t , t h e r e w i l l be appl ied regula t ions normally i n fo rce in wartime p a r t i c u l a r l y i n connection with the ob l iga t ion of m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e , c i v i l defense se rv ice , and se rv ice i n m i l i t a r i z e d uni ts , . as well as se rv ices on behalf of defense. regulat ions--and p a r t i c u l a r l y du t i e s and r i g h t s of c i t i z e n s r e s u l t i n g from t h e i r promulgation--is being discussed i n t h i s por t ion o f t he [general] information.
In accordance with a r t i c l e 237 of t he r e so lu t ion on the
The essence of t hese
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I n connection with the defense ob l iga t ion and as a r e s u l t of proclamation o f the s t a t e o f - war.-t_hxw t he following changes w i l l be made i n regard t o T u l l i l l m e n t o f t h i s ob l iga t ion by t h e c i t i z e n s of our country.
1. I n t h e f i e l d of m i l i t a r y se rv ice ob l iga t ion t h e
1)
proclamation w i l l br ing about:
service, m i l i t a r y t r a in ing of s tudents and graduates of higher schools, m i l i t a r y exercises, as well as per iodic m i l i t a r y se rv ice , with a c t i v e m i l i t a r y se rv ice as soon as mobi l iza t ion is announced and i n wartime. Active m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e i s considered unl imited i n dura t ion and performed under a system of more severe penal sanc t ions appl ied f o r breaches. of m i l i t a r y se rv ice ob 1 iga ti ons ;
suspension o f discharge of personnel on bas i c '
m i l i t a r y duty, i n m i l i t a r y r e f r e she r t r a i n i n g , m i l i t a r y exerc ises o r per iodic m i l i t a r y serv ice u n t i l such time as t h e e x i s t i n g m a r t i a l law i s l i f t e d ;
s p e c i f i c number of r e s e r v i s t s , and r equ i s i t i on ing from t h e na t iona l economy an es tab l i shed amount o f t ranspor t means and machines ;
National Defense ( i f t he conscr ip t ion order i s simultaneous with t he proclamation of mar t i a l law). conscription has been c a r r i e d out by l o c a l organs o f s t a t e
~
a a i f i I S t r a t i o n ; but i t w i l l now be c a r r i e d out by reg iona l and p rov inc ia l conscr ip t ion commissions whose composition i s determined by t h e Minis ter of National Defense, and which a r e ac t iva t ed by t h e chief9 of t h e provinc ia l m i l i t a r y headquarters;
replacement, based on the law, o f b a s i c m i l i t a r y
2)
3) c a l l u p to a c t i v e m i l i t a r y se rv ice i n each case of a
4 ) car ry ing out conscr ipt ion by t h e Minis t ry o f
Up t o now, i n time o f peace,
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5 ) int roGact ion of t..e p r i n c i p l e of deferment from m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e of conscr ip ts only for reasons of heal th . Deferments granted up t o now because consc r ip t s provide d i r e c t ca re for t h e i r family members, a re the so l e supporter o f t h e i r f ami l i e s , a t t end educational i n s t i t u t i o n s , a r e i n t r ade or do farm work--al l l o se t h e i r l e g a l v a l i d i t y ;
6) discharge from ac t ive m i l i t a r y se rv ice of personnel now i n se rv ice a s t he r e s u l t of t h e i r normal m i l i t a r y ob l iga t ion w i l l occur a s a r u l e a f t e r mar t i a l law i s l i f t e d on order o f t h e Minister of National Defense.
Variant I , per ta in ing t o a l t e r n a t e conscr ip t s e r v i c e
2 . Al te rna te se rv i ce of conscr ip ts i s performed only i n peacetime, A s soon as m a r t i a l law i s proclaimed, the s e r v i c e form i s replaced with the work ob l iga t ion which is introduced simultaneously with mar t i a l law promulgation on t h e b a s i s of t h e Council of S t a t e decree and Council o f Minis te rs order i s sued on the sub jec t of work obl iga t ion . a l t e r n a t e se rv i ce become a t t h i s moment employees o f the same work establ ishments with the d i f fe rence t h a t they a r e now sub jec t t o a s p c i f i c work obl iga t ion . consc r ip t s and of persons sub jec t t o i t s p e c i f i e s t h a t t hese persons may n o t u n i l a t e r a l l y d isso lve the se rv ice r e l a t i o n , and creates the p o s s i b i l i t y of e s t ab l i sh ing t h e i r work time t o s u i t needs r e s u l t i n g from defense t a sks , o f f i c i a l assignment t o o the r p o s i t i o n s , t r a n s f e r t o o the r u n i t s , and, i f necessary, qua r t e r them i n barracks. - ..
Conscripts performing t h e i r
The work ob l iga t ion of these
Variant I I , per ta in ing to a l t e r n a t e conscr ip t s e rv i ce
Proclamation of m a r t i a l law does not n e c e s s i t a t e introduction of changes i n the manner of performing a l t e r n a t e consc r ip t duty, except for i t s dura t ion which is now unl imited, i . e . u n t i l m a r t i a l law is l i f t e d . Discharge from t h i s s e rv i ce w i l l be a t t h a t time i n a manner determined by Minis ter of National Defense d i r e c t i v e .
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3. I n t h e f i e l d of c i v i l defense se rv ice the following w i l 1 occur:
1) replacement by force o f law of bas i c c i v i l defense se rv ice and exerc ises with ac t ive m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e i n c i v i l defense as soon a s mobil izat ion is announced and i n t i m e of w a r . Active s e r v i c e i n c i v i l defense means t h a t :
i n d e f i n i t e l y ;
mobi l iza t iona l assignments t o c i v i l defense se rv ice a r e obl iga ted during the time, and i n the capac i ty c a l l e d for, by c i v i l defense t a sks . The essence o f t h i s s e rv i ce for these ind iv idua ls c o n s i s t s of remaining i n constant readiness t o perform c i v i l defense t a sks and an ob l iga t ion t o respond t o each summons of t h e c i v i l defense u n i t commander, fac tory d i r e c t o r o r commune manager [naczelnik gminy] regard less of t he time of day or other circumstances; he a l s o stands ready t o perform t a sks whose aim i s to safeguard t h e population and work establishments as well as t o g ive a i d t o vict ims. Reserv is t s and persons c a l l e d t o t h i s s e r v i c e could be housed i n barracks i f necessary. they a r e provided with food.
Service i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s !ill be introduced i n u n i t s expected t o be m i l i t a r i z e d and i n exis tence already i n peacetime. These a r e u n i t s subordinate t o the Minis te rs o f Transportat ion, Fores t ry and Timber Industry, Communications, Administration, Local Economy and Environmental Pro tec t ion , Foreign Trade and Maritime Economy, Agricul ture , Light Industry, as w e l l a s Domestic Trade and Services , and a l s o the Chairman of S t a t e Council for Mater ia l s Economy. o the r adminis t ra t ive u n i t s may be subordinated by dec is ion of the Chairman of the National Defense Committee.
- conscr ip ts performing t h i s s e rv i ce w i l l continue i n it
- r e s e r v i s t s and other persons with organiza t iona l -
I n such case
4 .
- . .
I f m i l i t a r i z a t i o n s o r e q u i r e s ,
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Serv ice i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s c o n s i s t s o f : 3 1) c a l l i n g up persons employed i n t h e s e u n i t s t o I
2 ) i n t roduc t ion i n t o the work r e l a t i o n s o f persons
m i l i t a r i z e d s e r v i c e by f o r c e of law;
assigned t o t h i s service of forms and methods r e l a t e d t o o rgan iza t ion of m i l i t a r y service and d i s c i p l i n e ;
3) a p l i c a t i o n , i n regard t o these ind iv idua l s , o f a s p e c i a l work o E l i g a t i o n spec i fy ing t h a t persons c a l l e d t o t h i s service may not u n i l a t e r a l l y sever t h e i r service r e l a t i o n ; t h i s a p p l i c a t i o n a l s o c r e a t e s t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f determining t h e time of t h e i r work i n accordance with needs a r i s i n g from defense t a sks , o f f i c i a l l y t r a n s f e r them t o o the r pos i t i ons , or t o o t h e r u n i t s , and, i f necessary house them i n barracks.
service i n m i l i t a r i z e d u n i t s are l i a b l e t o punishment fo r misdemeanors i n connection wi th these s e r v i c e s i n accordance wi th r egu la t ions pe r t a in ing t o personnel on a c t i v e m i l i t a r y duty when mobi l iza t ion is announced and during war. Vio la t ions o r f a i l u r e t o complete an o b l i g a t i o n during t h e per iod of genera l defense o b l i g a t i o n w i l l be met with more severe sanc t ions def ined i n wartime penal provis ions .
Proclamation of m a r t i a l law f o r s t a t e s e c u r i t y reasons a l s o forms t h e bas i s f o r enforcement of t hese provis ions o f t h e law on genera l ob l iga t ions t o defend t h e Po l i sh Peoples Republic, which r e f e r t o personal s e rv i ces and r e q u i s i t i o n i n g of t r a n s p o r t means, t o o l s , machines, and f a c i l i t i e s f o r na t iona l defense needs. I n connection w i t h this it should be pointed out t h a t i n s t i t u t i o n s and s t a t e establ ishments as well as cooperative and s o c i a l o rganiza t ions and, f i n a l l y , a l l c i t i z e n s c a l l e d upon t o render personal or material s e rv i ces are obl iga ted on pa in o f punishment t o implement them immediately or during a spec i f i ed per iod. . Execution o f these se rv ices w i l l be on t h e b a s i s of appropr i a t e summons of l o c a l organs of s t a t e o r m i l i t a r y admin i s t r a t ion o r of d i r e c t o r s of work establ ishments i n accordance w i t h s p e c i f i c regula t ions i n th i s regard.
5 . Persons c a l l e d t o c i v i l defense service as wel l as t o
6.
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7 . I t i s ub l i c ly announced that individuals obligated or called upon to g u l f i l l the ir defense obl igation are not rotected from nonfulfi l lment o f . t h e s e duties by the r ight to s t r i z e.
