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I-405 Peak-Use Shoulder LaneProject Overview
AASHTO STSMO Systems Operations Strategies Focus GroupMay 16, 2017
Barrett Hanson, P.E.Design Manager
WSDOT I-405/SR 167 Program
Karl Westby, PhD.Traffic Manager
WSDOT I-405/SR 167 Program
I-405/SR 167 Corridor• 40-mile freight and commuter corridor• North-south alternative to I-5• One of the most congested routes in
Washington State• Home to fastest-growing population and
job centers in greater Seattle area
I-405 express toll lanes• Opened between Bellevue and Lynnwood
in Sept. 2015• Two-lane system between Bellevue
and Bothell• Single-lane system between Bothell
and Lynnwood• Extension of system funded between
Bellevue and Renton to connect with SR 167 high occupancy toll lanes
Project Setting
2
Challenge: High Demand, Limited Capacity
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Bottleneck moved north after new capacity opened • Higher volumes moving
faster in five-lane section (Bellevue/Kirkland area)
• Resulted in increased congestion in three-lane section (Bothell area)
High volumes entering I-405 at SR 527 during afternoon peak periods• ~1,000 vehicles/hour were forced to merge into
general purpose lanes• The result: general purpose lane back-ups, less
reliable express toll lane trips (and higher toll rates)
Traffic Conditions Before Shoulder Conversion
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• Heavy traffic during the afternoon commute throughout the corridor
• Congestion builds south of SR 527 during peak periods
February-April 2017
Project Scope and Budget
Converted existing right shoulder to dynamically controlled general purpose peak-use shoulder lane
First dynamically controlled peak-use shoulder lane in Washington State
• Existing static peak-use shoulder lane on US 2 north of Seattle
Total project cost: $11.5 million• Construction funded by toll revenue
Extensive stakeholder coordination & outreach• Washington State Patrol• WSDOT traffic/tolling divisions• FHWA• Local cities• Freight industry• Traveling public
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• 1.8 mile section of northbound I-405 between SR 527 and I-5
• Four overhead electronic lane control signs with side-mounted message signs• 0.5 mile spacing • 5-foot by 5-foot lane control sign• Supplemental messages and
queue warnings• Four paved emergency pull-out areas• New quarter-mile long noise wall• Restriping
Project Construction Elements
Typical northbound roadway cross-section
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Rapid Project Timeline
2016 2017April 24
Opened to traffic
JanuaryConstruction
start
MarchProject
identified
SeptemberDesign-build RFP
issued
DecemberContractawarded
14 months from project development to open to traffic
120 days from NTP to opening
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Early performance: Congestion contoursBEFOREFebruary-April 2017
AFTERFirst 3 weeks
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Early performance: Travel times
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
12:0
0
13:0
0
14:0
0
15:0
0
16:0
0
17:0
0
18:0
0
19:0
0
20:0
0
21:0
0
Trav
el T
imes
(min
)
General Purpose Travel Times, Northbound I-405 between SR 522 and I-5
(Mileposts 21.83-28.98)
95th%-5th% Jan-Apr Avg Feb-Apr (M-F) 3 Weeks (M-F)
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Early performance data: VolumesVe
hicl
es p
er h
our
Date
Five-hour Peak-Use Shoulder Lane Volumes (2 to 7 p.m.)
2582
3259
4250
37963455
3642
4547
5073
39803770
4216 4138
5147
4279 4205
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
4/23 4/24 4/25 4/26 4/27 4/28 4/29 4/30 5/1 5/2 5/3 5/4 5/5 5/6 5/7 5/8 5/9 5/10 5/11 5/12 5/13
Week 1
Week 2 Week 3
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Positive feedback from the public
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Future peak-use shoulder lane projects planned in Seattle region
• I-90, Eastgate to SR 900(both directions)
• Construction start: 2018
• I-5, Everett to Marysville(northbound only)
• Construction start: 2019
• I-405, Renton area(northbound only)
• Construction start: 2019
WSDOT is implementing peak-use shoulder lanes at strategic locations to add more space for travelers in a quick, cost-effective manner. WSDOT is also partnering with local transit agencies to open bus-only shoulders.
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CONTACT
Barrett HansonDesign manager, I-405/SR 167 program
Karl WestbyTraffic manager, I-405/SR 167 program
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