I ' 1 ~ b b ~ so depressed tkfe past reek that 3 Zhougbt of trying

t o JoSn nogte wmy* Soraethea it 2s an easy X E L ~ of gPvfng tag

cares. But Z feel a b%t batter thia lalorning, so have posfponed

the milStary l i fe . f was siak for ten d a p i r f tos my return,

but aan taking care esnd have r e f ~ s ~ d s sug~estion t-2; 1 &ould go

to the mountains. Euch hiproved now.

-*------------e"*-

Z t ie not to be expected that B*@sG, aould enter at prereent

on ~ n g &ady of the details or even of the genersl Zrrunam* of

past-war organiaation the p o l i t i a l f ia lB. 'PPte maknown

fercfors msr too may and tm %mpartant for thite.

bmamfnhf better ~eeoggised as t h e goes on* fPhrs kriae Btiinistecrhn

Past rsprzsch undoubP;et%Py aom explfeit a b u t war and peace

ah18 %has rere earlier ones. Z concXuds from th%@ that H , L G .

n o w ertttmh@s isportancrab t o this gueatba frora the psfnt o f vZesr

of t he effic5enf prosecution of the roittr. Z think they rare: right,

and that w h a t they say about it my affect favourable or atherwDse

the w i l l t o wig in this cauntq, in the Zmgire , as% %n F x w ~ ~ o , and,

~oauarssl~, in S o x z ~ ~ w zlco, Zt WZjr zlzo inezcaze or re+gce the

lthe desire of non-'belligerent natforis l a Gemany defea.t;ied.

S w i n g the matter Pn this l ight we may perhaps Uasc~an*t the

obse~vtrtion occaslanallLy heard, that owr leaders are too busy

get%- on with the a r to be abX8 t o spend t b e tM~&%ag about

goat-rar pmblsmre, But %bere still mmha the iiifficuZty

referred to above, w e l y the impo~sibi~ity of caPculsZing the

probable faats of the -la situation when the war snds and new

aecisions ~ a ~ e to INS fttc;re&, T ~ @ S ~ E I S 80 ~letetd to bry bre t o

recapitula%% the vatria~s tinknown f~ctorrt rith premrit, or should

prevent, psople in resganoible goeitiuns from attempting t~

define the organisation which we nhou3.d ceek t o establish* It

Zs beeter, &a these cbrcuastaaces, not even 4s ape& of the re-

building of the League; but f t i8 st521 Isss poaaib3.e Zo ccm~~i t

uu~selrtea ta the tag go^ of w a 2 t ~ ~ ~ t f ~ ' 8 8ya t -1~~ even wder

ambiguous nmos or in sbbr~r fomas - Federal Union, Pedaration

c t f Zurope, some new s ~ a t e a grows by a groceels af aoamfion zmtmd

our present unity rith Prance. (I have put the word ealteraatlrsD

3.a 5?rrv%rted comas becrttlss f believe that if the fiovernrstent~ evar

begin to tr;tr t o put these ldrass t o the yractioal test , ire. to

fo~u2altat thela in a Treaty 6n v h i ~ h B large nuxnber of Sta tes would

wsrilPiag1y pezticipate, they w i Z S inevitably f ind Zhe~selves

w o ~ k i a g on Xinea *hie% are subettvrtially the same r r ~ those of the

Covenarnf of $he ~eague),

On %he sthsr hen&, %hare i s nothing ta prevent us from

raeabering the pwpoasec we hrrm h aitld in d f e ~ u a ~ i r i g th9s aattm*

i,e. a %gux?ia%e, I eqgpb~t tbt tBa two main principles on

which emphasis should be laid are t

1. 2ha peaceful. ssttleuent of dfaputes m d P F B V ~ ~ ~ L O ~ of w m a ~ f ~ ~ j

2 , Ths Slayrovment of the individual standard of liv-.

3% snust be recognisted that for each of these yurposea

is necssssry t o s b l t and declare that in Both case8 there sue*

be much mom effectim intenurtional eo-oyarstion than eristed

befewt the w&r, aad t b t the WitSsh Ahpfre &rt particular wi3.X ber

wsscrifioes"%.n fact they rill be no spcr2ficcs at all t o th.

nation ace a sfiole) than we were rillhqg f u do b e f ~ r e the

on th. payt ic%grt ion of others, I thinlr it muld be himy

desirable to rruake plain %bat a% da not expect er~esctly the wmo

t3ngqea%ntrs %0 be taken by weak aatianas as by strong ones. Ia

Lhefr yreseat mood %he smaller ij,'urogea9 poasra would see no

attractien 431 thcb prmise rsf a systea Zn oPhflch they wou3.d bs

expected to take immedXa%e rSsrks* Xa lg%p they -re 2ead.y and

will3.ag t o clLo so, but %hs w3thdraral of the United SWtes a d

srnbeequ8a.tly the comhaf aS the m o r e ytrrerRrl members crf the

League changed all that8 oalg a frersh growth o f conffdsnciir can

restore b t and thia w i l l no% be achieved b,y wrCss If AS 'fiere

that AngIo-Prrsnch feaaer8hip m y truly be fbs nucleus .of a ner

order, if it means Peadershtp In willingness to take r i s k s in

the c-oxn interest,

We are certainlr aalezc entitled t a seneabor that the

yossibilitZes of effeetj-\re work vnder both heads t r i l l be vftally

affected b$ the attitude of that United States. ft would be

abviotwLy unwise to say this In public, axid there ts, f supps-e,

no &anger df any responsible Ministar acing so. But in

cronfidmtia3, t a l k s .the p o b t ought to be put in the forraf%an%t.j

and if th5s is to be possible 1% neaxlrr that we inust be r e a ~ ~ ' t 9 2 y

clear 3.a our minhs what we a2e ourselves @repared, ff ~easib3.9,

nil1 mtgefy their conscieadlre by offering to taka a Large e k m

iP the matetrial sfde of rwanstmctl.onI I BelbeGe Ot rould

rs, very ~hort-sPgh%ed p s l i ~ y fndeed rJa the part of the Allies to

give the slightest mxnxra

material restoratitm of &%rope will be sf 1it;tZe use if %he

countries concerned are t o be ~ t f l l in the m o d of 1936-1939 - each hog* to keep out of trouble sand looking fie o.t;her way rben

trouble oacars that i b ~ not d2rect:y threaten it,

he fact that these problenro nust be already include4 in

ccamanm on the idea tihat H ~ i a t s s s atare taa busy with the mr

to think OP the 20Ot-ww orgausi~~tio~)~

It is not, of cozarse, suggests8 that we ahsuld invite the

f;fnZte& S b t e r s to d;o w2mt ba.th't;he pea% ipaxtiss were fully

rasolved t o do in 1918 - what the Senrrte itself was rea* by e

p e a t ~eajority t o do in 3920 when 3ha iie$ublican reaervationa t o

the Covenant were r~ jec2;sd by i rssfdeak lYiPsm, But opinion 3.n

fiibBB Cdttl 8a098 f&P3G I% a;lh~u'id mm31~ be B I O B ~ f 0 0 z f ~ b if W 8

keeg w i t h others the ~ o r l d @ s i peace i s nsceswwfly anrd for ever

wx~.alt;tainablet and sf3 have surely tfis right and dutr t o p u b t

out fbt, when the tim oolhses, the her2can a t t i t u b wL11 deegay

affect orrr own possi;ribflifiess

Aa regartla the ~ethbil, w e . cstlld utSPf se very s f fmtively

16th~ ead (2) the vary bportmt psessge in the E.ope*s Chris-.

message I E P ~ Q U ~ i n t e ~ + ~ ~ t i ~ 3 , ~r@ssfPona lkr tbe tna5atenasce

of peace - in VMG~ he spenkila of the builditrg anew, ar restarre-

tPon, o f such orgai9ationsi;g of the heavy responsibilities they

have oaxried and 'the gmve dd fff culties %bey have sets and the

need t o learn from the lessuns of %he pas*.

3 venture to think that ht preaenlaltion of our "peace a lasm

on %hem lines - not forgettfng those which bave alreatly besa

declared, Irteludinl; Hikiea=snt", whiah can never came without

cz; g f f ~ ~ t g v t : =rgaisezt;i=r: f a r gesca - ~ c r r r l d , be a cone%de~ablltl

a&mn~ie on ~taything which has yet bees stated3 t3m.t this ~ r & ~ a a c a

rouZd involve no rEsk, nlor raise c?lff'ficuZti%s w$th ths FT~neh,,

siacte it dosa not caaaait us t o any o m form of organirer%%ian t o

the sxalusion sf others: and +Bat .it muPd be rsi u s e M step f m

the poltnt of vSew of n e z a t ~ l opinim, mi% a sound barrsi~ for

aonverrirartion w i t h the Unitlrsd States,

And, a f course, we nust never alloar fhe Mnon-bell%gerentow

t o forget that anfr international organisation f o r the cornman

bsaefft depends f h s t un an% condition, na~islg the v i c % o q o f t k

A l l i e s .

As regards the League of Rations, I *oc;d only say t h f ~ r 1.

twmut tell hor muah o f the Covenant syatem we nzr than -t, or

be able, t o salntrrfn, altex or .'seray. It m a y even be posnlble,

~ ~ e l y 6s +#,hat say arema at the rnoaent, t o f iad again the

meatire enera of 19l6-19l3, when Genera3 SPuts oould aapt "I

balfeve t?ie sarPd is now r&pe for the greefeert sdvanoe ;in lamma

gommat in tho his toq of rsankindaaa In m3 ease, i t i s

g~eestly t o be b a e d that neiSber in i t s &cl&z"ations, it8

nergotistPon@ or even i t s in tamel c o s ~ i c t i a s , will H,?i,E,

preimZwely decide t o abandon either im Cowenern% itself or %he

~etrious furma of mich5aery PSLIC~ have $s0m up f o ~ ib exeeutioa*

They-bve at least .the aterit o f existing, md @;it;pesionce knows

b w axeat would be the d i f f f cult i e a i n drawing us a new agreement

t o take their plats, That dif f icul ty nix1 crsstafnly be much

iaareased 55 it is decided to @$art 'tr$ sattliag the pease terrnns

in the narrower sense, and only after that b e g i s t o seek agregliilat

in internationsal ergsmir%ortion, TQ laabtain $be& far the time

bdng should, 1 think, b no mibamsslgsnf; they so longer in-1-

po l i t i ce l implications, save in so far ae Shep represent - aad slpe mitgarded by Gemmy arpl reyreosntlng - ;a certain degree aS

camon Interest between aurse3vtes 836 some two-score neutral Sbteas.

Sa te~1kLrPng t o the United Stetea I: am conv5ncsd that it is a saietab

t o treat our mlsnrbersbgg of the League as a wstter a t has l o a t

a1 f n t ~ r e ~ t t~ UB. A t t b ~ worst) it is is barg8fntng ear48 at

the beat, it m y be ssmgetU9g imensely more*

that %he axistfng Lsa,grrs sachiaery ought, for the present, ts lm

preserved so far ss passS2,1e, fhfs implies far E.P,G. not mere23

S;bt %hey ethou'ld do not* t~ destroy it bat that %hey shoulia do

rhaf they iolan %a ra. gosfdive sense t o kee2 1% woskingg parZicuZat

thaQI they should e n c o w the haldina; of 1sest5niys o f Leame

Committees, a d take past in them as full as p-rossible and v i th %he

best posaibxe ~spresantativrrrs~