HYDROTHERMAL SPRINGS&

"VENT" COMMUNITIESOF

MID-OCEAN RIDGESGEOL 1033

Lecture ppt file 103-17(Lesson 18)

DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE HYDROTHERMAL VENTS

• 1st discovered along the East Pacific rise during a dive of the ALVIN in 1978

Discoveredca. 1978

Canadian waters off BC cont. margin

"SMOKERS"• Black and white "smokers"• Up to 450 deg. C waters

meet near-freezing seawater

HYDOTHERMAL "VENTS"• Chimney-like precipitates

HYDOTHERMAL "VENTS"• Seafloor hot springs!

VENT COMMUNITIES• Unique organisms discovered (1978)• Giant new species (clams, worms)• Bacteria are the producer organisms at

the base of the food web• Later found as fossils associated with

metal ore deposits on land that originated in the sea

Giant Mussels & Clams

Chemosynthesis Instead of Photosynthesis• Bacterial synthesis of organic

matter and energy storage without sunlight

• These bacteria live symbiotically in the tissues of giant tube worms and giant clams

• Fix CO2 to form organic compounds

• Energy is obtained by oxidizing H2S escaping from the hydrothermal vents

END OF FILE

READING ASSIGNMENTS - Revised 26 Oct., 2003• 7th Edition, 2003, Sverdrup & others, pages correspond to lesson topics in the Study Guide:

– Lesson 1 page 2– Lesson 2 p. 29-38, 45-51– Lesson 8 p. 54-59 (Q7 assigned)– Lesson 3 p. 38-42 (E3 assigned)– Lesson 4 p. 2-21, 24-26 (Q3 assigned)– Lesson 5 p. 40-45; 3(bottom+fig)-4(fig); 259(bottom)-260(top) (Q4 assigned)– Lesson 6 p. 42-45, 87-89, 364(gases)– Lesson 7 p. 99-101(top),108-109,143-144(sound),120(bottom)-124 (Q6 assigned)– Lesson 9 p. 62-63, 101(bathymetry)-112(fig)– Lesson 10 p. “ “ “ “ – Lesson 11 p. “ “ “ “ (Q9 assigned)– Lesson 12 p. “ “ “ “ , 107(fig+bottom)-110(top), 464-465– Lesson 13 p. “ “ “ “– Lesson 14 p. 112(sediments)-127 (Q11 assigned)– Lesson 15 p. 393-413– Lesson 37 p. 393-413, 374-379 (Q27 assigned)– Lesson 16 p. 53-61, 65 (E9 assigned)– Lesson 17 p. 64(fig), 66, 73-75, 127(Min Dep), 87, 90-96, 468-469– Lesson 18 p. 71-79, 81(hot spots)-83– Lesson 19 p. 64-71– Lesson 20 “ “ “– Lesson 21 p. 83-86, 95-96 (Q13 assigned)

• 6th edition, (2000), or 5th edition, (1997) may be used. Ask for handout for pages to be studied.

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