HYDROMETERS - Kimble Chase · Kimble® hydrometers are manufactured from glass in accordance with ASTM standards for use in market segments including petrochemical, environmental,

glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solu-tions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions preci-sion glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions www.kimblechase.com solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glass-ware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precisionglassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solutions precision glassware solu-tions pr

HYDROMETERS

Kimble® hydrometers are manufactured from glass in accordance with ASTM standards for use in market segments including petrochemical, environmental, pharmaceutical, and the food & beverage industry. The devices are floated in a liquid sample, and a graduated scale is read to measure the relative density or specific gravity of the solution in units appropriate to the application. In order to produce a more environmentally friendly instrument, the ballast is made from steel pellets plus a binder, and is free of heavier, toxic metals. Finally, the certificate of traceability included with each Kimble hydrometer indicates that they are manufactured with devices calibrated using NIST traceable standards.

Toll Free: 800.451.4351 | International: 865.717.2600 [email protected] | kimblechase.com

HYDROMETERS HYDROMETERS2

Overview

Hydrometers have been used for hundreds of years to measure the specific gravity or relative density of liquids. They are commonly used in beer and wine making, for measuring petroleum liquids, for the measurement of saltwater, and for measuring the density of sugar solutions. The specific gravity of a liquid is obtained by floating a hydrometer in the sample of interest and reading the meniscus on the graduated scale. Since the specific gravity of water equals 1.000, liquids lighter than water have a specific gravity below 1.000, and liquids heavier than water have a specific gravity greater than 1.000. A Kimble hydrometer consists of a long glass tube containing ballast at the base of the float bulb and a graduated scale in the stem. Unlike the older style of hydrometer, the ballast is now made from steel pellets, and it is free of lead and mercury. A serial number is printed on the scale, a certificate of traceability is included, and the hydrometer is calibrated to ASTM specifications to ensure accuracy. The certificate of traceability indicates that the hydrometers are manufactured using devices calibrated using NIST traceable standards.

About Specific Gravity

Specific gravity is a dimensionless number and is a measure of relative density.

RD = ρ substance /ρ reference

RD is relative density, substance is the substance being measured, and reference is the reference substance. Typically the reference substance is water, and the calibration temperature for Kimble hydrometers is 60 °F, as specified in the ASTM standards.

Conditions Affecting Hydrometer Accuracy

Important considerations when assessing the accuracy of the hydrometer readings are:

• Cleanliness of the instruments• Temperature of the sample • Uniformity of the sample• Proper immersion of the hydrometer in the sample

Before a Kimble hydrometer is used it should be closely inspected for cracks or damage. It should be thoroughly cleaned with a laboratory detergent according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, rinsed with water, and dried with a lint-free wipe. The hydrometer cylinder should also be washed and rinsed prior to use.

The temperature of the sample should be near that of the surrounding atmosphere to prevent changes during reading of the scale. To standardize the relative density to 60 / 60 °F, a temperature correction factor may be applied using a temperature correction factor table such as the one found in ASTM D1250 for glass hydrometers.



Method of Reading the Meniscus

Where water or other wetting liquid is used, the method of reading advised by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and ASTM is illustrated in Figure 1 and described as follows:

“In all apparatus where the volume is defined by a concave-up meniscus, the setting or reading is made on the lowest point of the meniscus. In order that the lowest point may be observed, it is necessary to place a shade of some dark material immediately below the meniscus, which renders the profile of the meniscus dark and clearly visible against a light background. A convenient device for this purpose is a collar-shaped section of thick black rubber tubing, cut open at one side and of such size as to clasp the tube firmly.”--April 2013, NIST, Pg.1, “Good Measurement Practice”

How to Use a Hydrometer

1. Pour the sample into a hydrometer cylinder or appropriate test jar.2. Make sure that the sample is well mixed.3. The temperature of the sample should be near that of the surrounding atmosphere to prevent changes during reading of the scale. To standardize the relative density to 60 / 60°F, a temperature correction factor may be applied using a temperature correction factor table such as the one found in ASTM D1250 for glass hydrometers.4. Holding the stem of the hydrometer, lower it into the sample to a level close to where it natu rally floats and release it. 5. Make sure the liquid is at rest and free of bubbles.6. Read the scale at the meniscus.

1 2

4 65

3

Figure 1



Precision Specific Gravity HydrometerCatalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)

Recommended KIMAX® Cylinder

52110-0708 SG 0.700-0.810 0.001 SG 16 310 300 20058-38375

52110-0809 SG 0.800-0.910 0.001 SG 18 300 500 20058-50375

52110-0910 SG 0.900-1.000 0.001 SG 18 310 500 20058-50375

52110-1012 SG 1.000-1.220 0.002 SG 16 300 300 20058-38375

52110-1214 SG 1.200-1.420 0.002 SG 16 300 300 20058-38375

52110-1416 SG 1.400-1.620 0.002 SG 18 300 500 20058-50375

52110-1618 SG 1.600-1.820 0.002 SG 18 300 500 20058-50375

52110-1820 SG 1.800-2.000 0.002 SG 18 300 500 20058-50375

52110-2000 Set of Eight Precision SG Hydrometers, 0.695-2.000

Tall Form High Precision Specific Gravity HydrometerCatalog Number Graduation Range Graduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52111-0708 SG 0.760-0.830 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-0809 SG 0.820-0.890 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-0810 SG 0.880-0.950 0.0005 SG 18 330 600 20058-50375

52111-0910 SG 0.940-1.010 0.0005 SG 18 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1011 SG 1.000-1.070 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1111 SG 1.060-1.130 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1112 SG 1.120-1.190 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1212 SG 1.180-1.250 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1213 SG 1.240-1.310 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1314 SG 1.300-1.370 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1414 SG 1.360-1.430 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

52111-1415 SG 1.420-1.490 0.0005 SG 21 330 600 20058-50375

Short Form High Precision Specific Gravity HydrometerCatalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)

52112-0809 SG 0.820-0.890 0.001 SG 18 165 140

52112-0909 SG 0.880-0.950 0.001 SG 18 165 140

52112-0910 SG 0.940-1.010 0.001 SG 18 165 140

52112-1011 SG 1.000-1.070 0.001 SG 21 165 140

52112-1111 SG 1.060-1.130 0.001 SG 21 165 140

52112-1112 SG 1.120-1.190 0.001 SG 18 165 140

52112-1113 SG 1.180-1.250 0.001 SG 18 165 140

52112-1213 SG 1.240-1.310 0.001 SG 18 165 140

Broad Range Specific Gravity Hydrometer for Liquids Lighter than Water Catalog Number Graduation Range Graduation

Intervals Body OD (mm) Length (mm) Sample Volume (mL)


52113-0610 SG 0.650-1.000 0.001 SG 18 300 300 20058-50375

Types of Kimble Hydrometers

Specific Gravity – With over half of the Kimble hydrometer products falling into this category, this is the most common hydrometer classification. Specific gravity hydrometers are available in a variety of graduation ranges and overall lengths.



Baume – The Baume scale originally was used in industrial chemistry and pharmacology, but today it is used in brewing, winemaking, sugar beet processing, ophthalmics, and the starch industry. Although specific gravity is a dimensionless number, the Baume scale is graduated in degrees Baume. According to Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook (8th Edi-tion), °Be’ = 145 – 145/sp gr (heavier than water), and °Be’ = 140/sp gr - 130 (lighter than water).

Narrow Range Baume Hydrometer Catalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52120-0012 0°-12° Baume 0.10° Baume 18 300 500 20058-50375

52120-0921 9°-21° Baume 0.10° Baume 18 300 500 20058-50375

52120-1931 19°-31° Baume 0.10° Baume 18 300 500 20058-50375

52120-3951 39°-51° Baume 0.10° Baume 16 300 300 20058-38375

Broad Range Baume HydrometerCatalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52121-0035 0°-35° Baume 0.50° Baume 16 300 300 20058-38375

52121-0050 0°-50° Baume 0.50° Baume 18 300 500 20058-50375

52121-0070 0°-70° Baume 1.0° Baume 305 300 20058-38375

Dual Scale Baume/SG HydrometerCatalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52122-0026 0° - 26° Baume, SG 1.000-1.220

0.002 SG, 0.2°Baume 16 300 300 20058-38375

52122-2443 24° - 43° Baume, SG 1.200-1.420

0.002 SG, 0.2°Baume 16 300 300 20058-38375

52122-4255 42° - 55° Baume, SG 1.400-1.620

0.002 SG, 0.2°Baume 18 300 500 20058-50375

52122-5465 54° - 65° Baume, SG 1.600-1.820

0.002 SG, 0.2°Baume 18 300 500 20058-50375

52122-0072 0° - 72° Baume, SG 1.000-2.000

0.01 SG, 1.0°Baume 16 305 300 20058-38375



Hydrometer Cylinders - Kimble hydrometer cylinders are available from a 175 mL to a 1200mL capacity and from 200 mm to 460 mm tall. The cylinders are manufactured from 33 expansion, low extractable borosilicate glass conforming to USP Type I and ASTM E438, Type I, Class A requirements. The plain, ungraduated cylinders have a pourout spout and a hexagonal base. The internal diameter of the cylinder should be approximately 25 mm larger than the outer diameter of the hydrometer body. Additionally, the hydrometer should float at least 25 mm above the base of the cylinder.

Hydrometer Cylinders Catalog Number Capacity

(mL)Approximate Height

(mm)Cylinder OD

(mm)20058-38375 340 375 41

20058-50375 600 375 51

20058-63460 1200 460 64

Plain form API ASTM Hydrometer Catalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52130-0111 API -1°- +11° ASTM 1H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-0921 API 9°-21° ASTM 2H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-1931 API 19°-31° ASTM 3H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-2941 API 29°-41° ASTM 4H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-3951 API 39°-51° ASTM 5H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-4961 API 49°-61° ASTM 6H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-5971 API 59°-71° ASTM 7H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-6981 API 69°-81° ASTM 8H 0.10° API 25 330 600 20058-63460

52130-7991 API 79°-91° ASTM 9H 0.10° API 25 335 600 20058-63460

52130-8910 API 89°-101° ASTM 10H 0.10° API 21 330 600 20058-63460

Ethanol – The ethanol hydrometer has dual graduations in 0-100 % and 0-200 proof scales.

Ethanol HydrometerCatalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody OD

(mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52150-0200 0-100% Ethanol , 0-200 Proof 1%, 2 Proof 16 300 300 20058-38375

Salt and Brine – The sodium chloride hydrometer is graduated from 0-26.4% sodium chloride, and is used to measure the percentage of a saturated salt solution. The salimeter is graduated from 0-100% saturated sodium chloride. It is used in the measurement of meat packing and pickling brines.

Salt and Brine Hydrometers Catalog Number Graduation

RangeGraduation

IntervalsBody

OD (mm)Length (mm)

Sample Volume (mL)


52140-0100 0-100% Saturated Sodium Chloride 1% of saturation 16 300 300 20058-38375

52140-0264 0-26.4% Sodium Chloride 0.5% by weight 16 300 300 20058-38375

API ASTM – The American Petroleum Institute scale is used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid relative to water. A sample with an API gravity value greater than 10 is lighter than water, and an API gravity value less than 10 is heavier than water. Although specific gravity does not have units, the API scale is graduated in degrees, and was designed such that most values would fall between ten and seventy API gravity degrees. According to Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook (8th Edition), °API = 141.5/sp gr -131.5.



Certificate of Conformance

The Certificate of Conformance indicates the ASTM specifications from which the hydrometers were designed, and states that the reference standards used to calibrate the devices are traceable to NIST.

This hydrometer was manufactured to the highest quality standard in accordance with ASTM E100, Standard

Specification for ASTM Hydrometers, and tested following the methodology of ASTM E126, Inspection and Verification

of Hydrometers.

The reference standards used to calibrate this hydrometer are tracable to NIST, and the calibration was strictly

controlled to the guidelines set forth by ASTM and ISO.

Certificate of Conformance

Catalog Number______________

Serial Number________________

_____________________________________Certified By Plant Manager

______________________Certification Date

Call Toll-Free: 800.451.4351International: 865.717.2600Customer Service hours: 8am - 5pm U.S. EST

www.kimblechase.com

[email protected]

20150407KC-1520Printed in the USA. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Kimble Chase Life Science & Research Products LLC234 Cardiff Valley Road Rockwood, TN 37854

Documents

HYDROMETERS - Kimble Chase · Kimble® hydrometers are manufactured from glass in accordance with ASTM standards for use in market segments including petrochemical, environmental,