Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA Program

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Reports and Technical Reports All Technical Reports Collection

1985-04

Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA

Program: OPTOMA15, 24 January-23 February, 1985

Wittmann, Paul A.; Kelley, Edward A.; Mooers, C. N. K.

(Christopher N. K.); Colton, Marie C.

Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School

http://hdl.handle.net/10945/29341

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LIBRARY

L POSTGRADUATE SCHOOLMONTEREY, CALIFORNIA 93940

NPS-68-85-016

/(

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

Monterey, California

oe-f

HYDROGRAPHIC DATA F&W THElipTOMA PROGRAM^*" f)PT0MA15,

24 JANUARY - 23 FEBRUARY 1985 *

by

Paul A, WittmannEdward A. Kelley, Jr.

Christopher N.K. Mooers

April 1985

FEDDOCSD 208.14/2MPq-Rfi_pq-niR111 w ww \j s vlv

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited,

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Office of Naval ResearchEnvironmental Sciences Directorate (Code 420)Arlington, VA 22217

DUDLEY KNOX LIBRARYALPOST DUATESCHOOI NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOLEREY

Monterey, California 93943

Commodore R.H. Shumaker David A. Schrady

Superintendent Provost

This report is for the research project "Ocean Prediction Through

Observations, Modeling and Analysis" sponsored by the Physical Oceanography

Program of the Office of Naval Research under Program Element 61153N.

Reproduction of all or part of this report is authorized.

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2. GOVT ACCESSION NO 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER

4. TITLE (and Subtitle)

Hydrographic Data From Trie OPTOMA Program,

OPTOMA1524 Jan to 23 Feb 1985

5 TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVEREOteport for October 1982to April 19856. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER

7. AUTHORr*;

Paul A. Wittmann, Edward A. Kelley, Jr.,

Christopher N.K. Mooers

8. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBERf*.)

t. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESSNaval Postgraduate SchoolMonterey, CA 93943

10. PROGRAM ELEMENT PROJECT, TASKAREA ft WORK UNIT NUMBERS

61153WN0001484WR24501

II. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESSOffice of Naval ResearchCode 420Arlington, VA 22217

'2. REPORT OATEApril 1985

13. NUMBER OF PAGES105

14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME ft ADDRESS^/ different from Controlling Otllce) IS. SECURITY CLASS, (ot thla report)

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Approved for public release; distribution unlimited

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IB. KEY WORDS (Contlnua on reveree elde It nocoeemry and Identity by block number)

California Current SystemPhysical OceanographyDynamic Oceanography

20. ABSTRACT (Continue on ravaraa aide ft nacaaaary and Identity by block number)

The two cruises, Leg DI and DII, and one AXBT flight Leg P were undertaken

in January and February 1985. This report presents the hydrographic data

acquired by XBT, AXBT and CTD casts, from the cruises and the flight.

W) i j°N 7J 1473 EDITION OF 1 NOV «S IS OBSOLETE

S 'N 0102- LF-OU-660)UNCLASSIFIED

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Hydrographic Data from the OPTOMA Program.

OPTOMA1524 January - 23 February, 1985

by

Paul A. Wittmann

Edward A. Kelley, Jr.

Christopher N. K. Mooers

Chief Scientists:

E. A. Kelley, Jr.,M. C. Cotton

The OPTOMA Program is a joint program of

Department of Oceanography Center for Earth and Planetary Physics

Naval Postgraduate School Harvard University

Monterey, CA 93943. Cambridge, MA 02138.

DUDLEY KNOXNAVAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

INTRODUCTION

DATA ACQUISITION

DATA PROCESSING

DATA PRESENTATION

SECTION 1: LEG DI

SECTION 2: LEG P

SECTION 3: LEG DII

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCE

INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST

PAGE

ii

iii

2

2

3

4

7

47

61

101

101

102

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Caption Page

1. Scientific instruments aboard USNS DE STEIGUER 6

2. Leg DI Station Listing 11

3. Leg Leg P Station Listing 51

4. Leg DII Station Listing 65

n

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Caption Page

1. The NOCAL and CENCAL subdomains of the OPTOMA 1

Program. Isobaths are shown in meters.

2. The cruise track for 0PT0MA15, Leg DI. 8

3. XBT and CTD locations for 0PT0MA15, Leg DI. 9

4. Station numbers for 0PT0MA15, Leg DI. 10

5 (a)-(k). XBT temperature profiles, staggered by 16

multiples of 5C (0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

6 (a)-(c). CTD temperature profiles, staggered by 27

multiples of 5C, and salinity profilesstaggered by multiples of 4 ppt (0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

7. (a)-(b). Casts deeper than 800m (0PT0MA15, Leg DI). 30

8. Casts deeper than 1600m (0PT0MA15, Leg DI). 32

9 (a)-(l). Along-track isotherms. Tick marks along 33

the upper horizontal axis show stationpositions. Some station numbers are given.Dashed lines are used if the cast was tooshallow (0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

10 (a)-(c). Isopleths of (1) temperature and salinity and 39

(2) sigma-t from the CTD's (0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

11. Mean temperature profiles from (a) XBT's and 42

(b) CTD's, with + and - the standard deviation.(0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

12. Mean profiles of (a) salinity and (b) sigma-t, 43

with + and - the standard deviations, fromthe CTD's (0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

13. (a) T-S pairs and (b) mean T-S relation, with 44+ and - the standard deviation, from the CTD's.

Selected sigma-t contours are also shown.

(0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

14. Mean N2 profile (— ), with + and - th e standard 45

deviation (— ). The N2 profile from T(z) and S(z)

is also shown (••••). (0PT0MA15, Leg DI).

m


15. The flight track for 0PT0MA15, Leg P. 48

16. AXBT locations for 0PT0MA15, Leg P. 49

17. Station numbers for 0PT0MA15, Leg P. 50

18 (a)-(b). AXBT temperature profiles, staggered by 52multiples of 5C (0PT0MA15, Leg P).

19 (a)-(i). Along-track isotherms. Tick marks along 54the upper horizontal axis show stationpositions. Some station numbers are given.

Dashed lines are used if the cast was tooshallow (0PT0MA15, Leg P).

20. Mean temperature profile, with + and - the 60standard deviation. (0PT0MA15, Leg P).

21. The cruise track for 0PT0MA15, Leg DII. 62

22. XBT and CTD locations for 0PT0MA15, Leg DII. 63

23. Station numbers for 0PT0MA15, Leg DII. 64

24 (a)-(m). XBT temperature profiles, staggered by 70multiples of 5C (0PT0MA15, Leg DII).

25 (a)-(c). CTD temperature profiles, staggered by 83multiples of 5C, and salinity profilesstaggered by multiples of 4 ppt (0PT0MA15,

Leg DII).

26. Casts deeper tham 800m (0PT0MA15, Leg DII). 86

27. Casts deeper than 1600m (0PT0MA15, Leg DII). 87

28 (a)-(l). Along-track isotherms. Tick marks along 88

the upper horizontal axis show stationpositions. Some station numbers are given.

Dashed lines are used if the cast was tooshallow (0PT0MA15, Leg DII).

29 (a)-(b). Isopleths of (1) temperature and salinity and 95

(2) sigma-t from the CTD's (0PT0MA15, Leg DII).

30. Mean temperature profiles from (a) XBT's and 97

(b) CTD's, with + and - the standard deviation.(0PT0MA15, Leg DII).

IV


31. Mean profiles of (a) salinity and (b) sigma-t, 98with + and - the standard deviations,from the CTD's (0PT0MA15, Leg Oil).

32. (a) T-S pairs and (b) mean T-S relation, with 99+ and - the standard deviation, from the CTD's.Selected sigma-t contours are also shown.(0PT0MA15, Leg DII).

33. Mean N2 profile (— ), with + and - the standard 100deviation (— ). The N 2 profile from T(z) and S(z)

is also shown (••••)• (0PT0MA15, Leg DII).

41N

39N

37N

35N128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 1: The NOCAL and CENCAL subdomains of the OPTOMA Program.

Isobaths are shown in meters.

INTRODUCTION

The OPTOMA (Ocean Prediction Through Observations, Modeling and Analysis)

Program, a joint NPS/Harvard program sponsored by ONR, seeks to understand the

mesoscale (fronts, eddies, and jets) variability and dynamics of the California

Current System and to determine the scientific limits to practical mesoscale

ocean forecasting. To help carry out the aims of this project, a series of

cruises has been planned in two subdomains, NOCAL and CENCAL, shown in

Figure 1.

The two cruises and one AXBT flight comprising 0PT0MA15 were undertaken,

during January and February 1985, in the USNS DE STEIGUER and a Reserve Patrol

Wing P3B aircraft. Hydrographic data were acquired off the coast of California

in an area which covered and extended the NOCAL region.

Leg DI was carried out from 24 January to 6 February, Leg P on 27 January

and Leg DI I from 8 to 23 February. Legs DI and DI I sampled an area

approximately 300 km square and Leg P sampled an area approximately 260 km

square, both areas centered about 190 km off the coast between Pt. Reyes and

Pt. Arena.

On each cruise track, transect extremes are identified by letter to aid in

cross-referencing the data presented in subsequent figures. On each of these

cruises, hydrographic stations were occupied at approximately 19 km along the

track. For the AXBT flight, the along-track station spacing varied between

about 28 km and about 46 km.

DATA ACQUISITION

Data acquired during Legs DI and DII include XBT and CTD profiles; whereas

data acquired during Leg P are AXBT profiles. Bucket surface temperature and

water samples for salinity were taken at most CTD stations. A rosette sampler

was used on Leg DII to acquire deep salinity samples. These salinity samples

were used for calibration purposes as well as contributions to the data base.

All data were digitized using a Sippican MK9 unit, recorded on data disks

using a HP200 series computer, and transferred ashore to the IBM 3033 mainframe

computer at the Naval Postgraduate School for editing and processing.

Station positions were determined by Loran C fixes and are claimed to be

accurate to within about 0.1 km. Table 1 on page 6 summarizes the various

sensors used on the USNS DE STEIGUER and their accuracy. The salinity samples

were determined by a Guildline Model 8400 "Autosal" salinometer with an

accuracy of _+0.003ppt at the Naval Postgraduate School.

During Leg P, shallow (305 m) and deep (750 m) AXBT's were deployed. The

aircraft maintained an altitude of approximately 1500 ft and an airspeed of

approximately 170 knots. Station positions are accurate to within 1 km,

temperature values to within 0.2°C and depth values to within 2% or 5 m

(whichever is larger).

DATA PROCESSING

The data processing, such as estimating depth profiles for the XBT and AXBT

temperature profiles based on descent speed, and conversion of CTD conductivity

to salinity using the algorithm given in Lewis and Perkin (1981), was carried

out on the IBM 3033. The data were then edited by removing obvious salinity

spikes and eliminating cast failures that were not identified during the

cruise. Approximately 99%, 88%, and 99%, of casts were retained in the data

sets of Legs DI, P, and DII, respectively. Two Neil Brown CTD's were used as a

result of one having a malfunction. From a comparison of the CTD salinities

with the salinity samples from the bottles, it was determined that the first

CTD's salinities had an offset of -.015 ppt and the second CTD's salinities had

an offset of -.012 ppt. The salinities were adjusted acordingly. The CTD data

were interpolated to 5 m intervals and then up and down casts were averaged.

The data have been transferred on digital tape to the National Oceanographic

Data Center in Washington, DC.

DATA PRESENTATION

The cruise track, station locations (with XBT's, CTD's and AXBT's

identified) and station numbers are shown in the first three figures of each of

the next three sections, which present the data from Legs DI, P, and DII,

respectively. These figures are followed by a listing of the stations, with

their coordinates, the date and time at which the station was occupied, and the

surface information obtained at the station.

Vertical profiles of temperature from the XBT casts are shown in staggered

fashion. The location of these profiles may be found by reference to the

various maps of the cruise tracks. Transect extremes are identified as nearly

as possible. The first profile on each plot is shown with its temperature

unchanged; to each subsequent profile an appropriate multiple of 5C has been

added. Vertical profiles from the CTD's follow (except Leg P). Profiles of

temperature are staggered by 5C and those of salinity by 4 ppt.

Isotherms for each transect are shown in the next pages, followed (except

Leg P) by isopleths of temperature, salinity and sigma-t, from the CTD's, when

four or more casts were acquired along a transect. Based on instrument accuracy

and the vertical temperature gradient, it is estimated that depths of isotherms

in the main thermocline are uncertain to _+20m. The tick marks identify station

positions and, again, the transect extremes are shown on these plots.

Each section includes mean profiles of temperature from the XBT's. In

addition, for Sections 1 and 3, mean profiles of temperature, salinity and

sigma-t from the CTD's are given, as well as a scatter diagram of the T-S pairs

and the mean S(T) curve, with the jf standard deviation envelope; the data

presentation concludes with a plot of the mean N2 (Brunt-Vaisala frequency

squared) profile, with + the standard deviation. On the sigma-t and N2 plots,

the appropriate profiles derived from the mean temperature and mean salinity

profiles are also shown.

Table 1: Scientific instruments aboard the USNS DE STEIGUER

Instrument Variable Sensor Accuracy Resolution

Nei 1 BrownCTDMark Illb

pressuretemperatureconductivity

strain gagethermistorelectrode cell

1.6 db

0.005 C

0.005 mmho

0.025 db

0.0005 C

0.001 rnmho

SippicanBT

temperaturedepth

thermistordescent speed

0.2 C

greater of

and 2% of4.6 mdepth

Section 1

0PT0MA15 Leg DII

41N

39N

37N

35N

Eureka

Cape Mendocino

SanFrancisco

Monterey

Pt. Sur

MorroBay

128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 2: The cruise track for 0PT0MA15, Leg DI

41N

39N

37N

35N

XX Xx

XX

XX

x:

XX • X

x a x!xx

X ''* °x x

x x : x x

„ x : x x

^ X °x . . .Js ...

/Eu

\ c

X

a

x x

x x

x x

X x

reka

ape Mendocino

.. ) Pt. Arena

xx

Ox x

x a

X

X

Q :x x xX

x: x

xx x .

xx x x, : x x

•x _ xx x :

xq<• X * X

x a x

x x :x

„..:..* x....

»••••*•

x x

x x •

x x

xX X xx

xXx

X \*x

\xx V"x* \< x

^V ><^* Sanx ^pJFrancisco

X

o>

x a •-; ••*

x x :x

x: x *°x .0

xx ; x x

x • x xX * .

„ a - x x

x x

xx

x x >

X x

x x

Xx

XX

x

x 5< a

: x

x 1 /-•Monterey

VPt. Sur

XBT : X

CTD :

\-. Morro

: CBay

128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 3: XBT and CTD locations for 0PT0MA15, Leg DI.

10

41N

39N rs\

37N

35N

»•*'«

Eureka

96 97

172 :

136 173

•IS* W--17-0-:- .175...

,S7 ,38 "• ™W2 139 168

Cape Mendocino

24.

>u "do '«. h '«4

•••.;

int 128 '*3 '64 '°'

5....^...?.|....1

;1 ; 2

.

12

47 ..>:

44.., fi3..t«

" i" "• S. 107 ill]^JH^3i :

5Z ": «5 108: 121 150^1544

:

3*6"

;

73

7, 8i i«i "7

;

3 *

74< 75 so:

38 4$ 76 79'44•••77' {»-

:

43

rena

1,3116

39"

4041

42

SanFrancisco

Monterey

MorroBay

128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 4: Station numbers for 0PT0MA15, Leg DI

.

11

Table 2: Leg DI Station Listing

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP SALINITY TEMP SALINITY(DD.MM)(DDD.MM)(DEG C) (PPT) (DEG C) (PPT)

1

23

45

6

7

8

9

10

1314151617181920

2324252627282930313233

3637383940

XBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBT

11 XBT12 XBT

XBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBT

21 XBT22 XBT

XBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTD

34 XBT35 XBT

XBTXBTXBTXBTCTD

41 XBT42 XBT43 XBT44 XBT45 CTD

850258502585025850258502585025850258502585025850258502585025850258502585025850258502585025850268502685026850268502685026850268502685026850268502685026850268502685026850268502685026850268502685026850278502785027850278502785027

357456557707810952

113612361344143915381621175219052013211422222327

30131231335432532640738907

102711261231132314311627182119222016211122022252

23143247353513640

37.4937.5538.0138.0438.0538.0538.0838.1138.1338.1638.1838.2138.2338.2738.2838.3238.3438.3738.3938.4238.4538.4738.5038.5338.5638.4838.3838.3138.2238.1438.0537.5537.4737.3837.2937.2037.1137.0336.5636.4536.3636.4036.4636.5737.05

122.53123.05123.16123.31123.42123.43124.04124.09124.25124.38124.51125.06125.19125.34125.45125.57126.11126.25126.39126.54127.05127.19127.31127.44127.59127.56127.50127.41127.35127.29127.22127.15127.08127.01126.55126.49126.40126.32126.27126.20126.15126.02125.51125.58126.05

11.011.612.112.212.012.112.312.112.211.811.811.812.1121212111212121212121213121212.012.012.112.012111212.012.313.714.214.414.514.414.513.614.314.0

33.11 12.2 33.14

32.74 12.1 32.74

32.99 11.7 33.00

33.26 12.0 33.33

33.14 13.8 33.28

12

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP SALINITY TEMP SALINITY(DD.MM)(DDD-MM)(DEG c ^ ( PpT ) (DEG C ) (ppt)

46474849505152535455565758596061

666768697071727374757677787980

8384858687888990

XBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBT

62 XBT63 CTD64 XBT65 XBT

XBTXBTCTDXBTCTDXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBT

81 XBT82 XBT

XBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBT

850278502785027850278502785027850278502785027850278502785027850288502885028850288502885028850288502885028850288502885028850288502885028850298502985029850298502985029850298502985029850298502985029850298502985029850308503085030

825935

1047123514251517161917251857202721302338

33210400444539743943

10381135123913561635195822112300113319402453651902

100211421339153116571819195721332253

24138332

37.1437.2337.3237.4037.5037.5838.0738.1638.2438.3338.4238.5138.5939.0839.1339.1839.1039.0038.5138.4338.3638.2738.1638.0937.5937.5137.4337.3237.2237.1537.0636.5737.0137.0637.1737.2537.3537.4437.5338.0238.1038.1838.2738.3638.45

126.10126.16126.23126.29126.36126.43126.51126.57127.04127.13127.18127.23127.30127.37127.24127.15127.10127.02126.55126.49126.44126.37126.29126.22126.16126.10126.03125.56125.48125.43125.37125.29125.18125.08125.14125.22125.28125.33125.40125.45125.55126.01126.08126.14126.21

11.912.011.711.81111121212.012.1121212121212.412.412.212.412.412.112.011.812.112.011.711.711.611.911.911.912.111.711.611.611.711121112.012.011.711.812.412.3

32.97 12.0 32.98

33.04 12.2 32.97

32.70 12.2 32.51

32.71 12.5 32.60

32.95

33.00

32.88

32.78

11.9

12.2

11.9

32.94

33.03

32.90

12.2 32.82

13

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP SALINITY TEMP SALINITY(DD.MM)(DDD.MM)(DEG C ) (ppx) (DEG C) (PPT)

919293949596979899

100

105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135

CTD 85030XBT 85030XBTXBTXBTXBT

XBTXBT

101 XBT102 XBT103 XBT104 XBT

CTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBT

XBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBT

85030850308503085030

CTD 85030XBT 85030

85030850308503085030850318503185031850318503185031850318503185031850318503185031850318503185031

XBT 85031XBT 85032

85032850328503285032850328503285032850328503285032850328503385033850338503385033

518726909

110612521536182119472050214422352333

29131402522626734859101911351238134414431544181919462205

4330653980010111223144216141750193321422346246606910

11211315

38.5339.0239.1039.1839.2739.3939.3739.2939.2039.1239.0438.5638.4838.3838.2938.2138.1238.0337.5437.4537.3637.2837.2037.1437.1237.2237.2937.3737.4637.5538.0438.1238.2138.3138.4138.4938.5739.0539.1339.2139.3139.3839.4839.5740.05

126.27126.33126.41126.47126.54126.45126.31126.24126.15126.08126.03125.56125.51125.44125.37125.31125.24125.18125.10125.03124.56124.50124.43124.36124.32124.28124.23124.29124.37124.43124.49124.57125.05125.10125.17125.20125.29125.36125.40125.47125.56126.03126.08126.05126.05

12.312.112.212.312.0121212121212121212111111.511.8111111.811.911121212121211

9

2

2

1

5

9

12.012.011.911.711.611.711.711.811.911.811.911.711.811.711.811.7

32.83 12.0 32.84

32.84 12.6 32.86

33.11 11.7 33.13

14

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP SALINITY TEMP SALINITY(DD.MM)(E>DD.MM)(DEG c) (PPT) (DEG C) (PPT)

136 XBT 85033 1523 40.14 126.02 11.8137 XBT 85033 1725 39.58 125.45 11.6138 XBT 85033 1827 39.48 125.38 11.9139 XBT 85033 1916 39.40 125.32 11.7140 CTD 85033 2046 39.32 125.27 11.5 32.76 11.5 32.82141 XBT 85033 2211 39.22 125.20 11.5142 XBT 85033 2258 39.15 125.15 11.5143 CTD 85034 14 39.07 125.07 11.6 32.88 11.7 32.96144 XBT 85034 205 38.56 125.02 11.7145 CTD 85034 309 38.50 124.54 11.5 33.22 11.5 33.28146 XBT 85034 548 38.41 124.49 11.6147 XBT 85034 659 38.32 124.40 11.7148 CTD 85034 836 38.24 124.34 11.4 33.21 11.8 33.24149 XBT 85034 1025 38.15 124.28 11.6150 CTD 85034 1200 38.06 124.22 11.7 33.30 11.8 33.33151 XBT 85034 1347 37.57 124.13 12.0152 XBT 85034 1443 37.49 124.07 11.6153 XBT 85034 1547 37.39 124.01 11.8154 XBT 85034 1705 37.42 123.47 11.6155 XBT 85034 1811 37.50 123.37 11.7156 XBT 85034 1922 37.58 123.46 11.7157 XBT 85034 2033 38.07 123.53 11.5158 XBT 85034 2132 38.15 123.59 11.5159 CTD 85034 2255 38.26 124.07 11.7 33.29 11.6 33.35160 XBT 85035 217 38.34 124.12 11.6161 XBT 85035 346 38.42 124.18 11.5162 XBT 85035 522 38.51 124.25 11.2163 XBT 85035 713 39.00 124.32 11.5164 XBT 85035 925 39.09 124.40 11.4165 XBT 85035 1127 39.16 124.46 11.6166 XBT 85035 1414 39.26 124.52 10.9167 XBT 85035 1633 39.34 124.58 10.8168 XBT 85035 1830 39.41 125.05 10.7169 XBT 85035 2036 39.52 125.13 10.9170 XBT 85035 2202 39.59 125.19 10.9171 XBT 85035 2338 40.09 125.26 11.1172 XBT 85036 238 40.24 125.18 10.9173 XBT 85036 443 40.18 125.05 10.7174 XBT 85036 544 40.10 124.58 10.5175 XBT 85036 643 40.01 124.50 10.6176 XBT 85036 746 39.53 124.43 10.5177 CTD 85036 914 39.44 124.36 10.6 32.93 10.5 33.03178 XBT 85036 1056 39.36 124.30 10.6179 XBT 85036 1150 39.27 124.23 11.1180 XBT 85036 1244 39.19 124.18 11.3

15

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP SALINITY TEMP SALINITY(DD.MM)(DDD.MM)(DEG C ) (PPT ) (DEG C ) (PPT)

181 XBT 85036 1340 39.10 124.11 11.1182 CTD 85036 1515 39.01 124.06 11.2 32.83 11.0 33.13183" XBT 85036 1636 38.53 123.56 10.9184 XBT 85036 1719 38.44 123.50 10.6185 XBT 85036 1816 38.35 123.44 10.8186 XBT 85036 1911 38.27 123.36 10.9187 CTD 85036 2010 38.19 123.31 11.0 33.11 10.9 33.88188 XBT 85036 2127 38.25 123.39 10.9189 XBT 85036 2255 38.34 123.50 11.1190 XBT 85037 12 38.41 123.59 11.2191 XBT 85037 135 38.49 124.08 11.3192 XBT 85037 248 38.39 124.01 11.3193 XBT 85037 340 38.30 123.56 10.9194 XBT 85037 446 38.22 123.48 11.1195 XBT 85037 556 38.16 123.36 11.0196 XBT 85037 651 38.10 123.24 11.3197 XBT 85037 838 38.00 123.18 11.4198 XBT 85037 1106 37.54 123.05 11.3199 XBT 85037 1240 37.49 122.52 11.4

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Figure 6(a): CTD temperature profiles, staggered by multiplesof 5C, and salinity profiles, staggered by multiples of 4ppt

(0PT0MA15, Leg DI)

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28


Staggered Salinity (ppt)

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31


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Figure 8: Casts deeper than 1600m (OPTOMA15, Leg DI)

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Figure 10(a): Isopleths of (1) temperature and salinity and (2)

sigma-t from the CTD's (0PT0MA15, Leg DI)

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Figure 10(b)

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.

46

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

47

Section 2

OPTOMA 15 Leg P

48

41N

39N

37N

35N128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 15: The flight track for 0PT0MA15, Leg P

49

41N

39N

37N

35N

1 Eureka

\^ Cape Mendocino

X

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Figure 16: AXBT locations for 0PT0MA15, Leg P

50

41N

39N

37N

35N

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Figure 17: Station numbers for 0PT0MA15, Leg P.

51

Table 3 : Leg P Station Listing

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURIAi(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP(DD.MM(DDD.MM)(DEG I

1 AXBT 85027 1651 37.50 123.,40 12. 42 AXBT 85027 1701 38.06 123.,53 12.3 AXBT 85027 1712 38.30 124.,10 12. 2

4 AXBT 85027 1722 38.52 124,,26 12. 6

5 AXBT 85027 1728 39.04 124.,36 12.6 AXBT 85027 1738 39.26 124, 52 12. 3

7 AXBT 85027 1751 39.46 125, 18 11. 6

8 AXBT 85027 1757 39.38 125,,37 11. 8

9 AXBT 85027 1807 39.23 126,,09 12. 3

10 AXBT 85027 1813 39.15 126,,29 12. 211 AXBT 85027 1824 39.00 127,,00 12. 5

12 AXBT 85027 1830 38.52 127,,18 12. 1

13 AXBT 85027 1840 38.32 127,,41 12. 1

14 AXBT 85027 1846 38.21 127,,31 11..9

15 AXBT 85027 1856 37.52 127,,12 11. 9

16 AXBT 85027 1902 37.43 127,,02 11. 8

17 AXBT 85027 1912 37.18 126,,44 13. 7

18 AXBT 85027 1918 37.02 126,,28 14. 5

19 AXBT 85027 1929 36.47 126,,08 14..6

20 AXBT 85027 1937 36.54 125,,50 14.,321 AXBT 85027 1947 37.07 125,,21 11. 8

22 AXBT 85027 1953 37.15 125,,02 11.,723 AXBT 85027 2009 37.37 124,,14 12.,5

24 AXBT 85027 2031 38.15 124,,28 12.,4

25 AXBT 85027 2040 38.48 124,,53 12..0

26 AXBT 85027 2050 39.00 125,,03 12, 2

27 AXBT 85027 2102 39.20 125,,24 12,,0

28 AXBT 85027 2111 39.07 125,,53 12,,1

29 AXBT 85027 2121 38.49 126,.27 12,,5

30 AXBT 85027 2127 38.42 126 .46 12,.1

31 AXBT 85027 2137 38.26 127 .04 12,,1

32 AXBT 85027 2142 38.13 126 .54 11,.9

33 AXBT 85027 2152 37.46 126 .38 12,,2

34 AXBT 85027 2159 37.34 126 .30 11,,7

35 AXBT 85027 2213 37.13 125 .57 11,,7

36 AXBT 85027 2225 37.26 125 .24 11,.9

37 AXBT 85027 2232 37.37 125 .00 12,,0

38 AXBT 85027 2242 37.51 124 .28 12,.6

39 AXBT 85027 2300 38.02 124 .54 12 .0

40 AXBT 85027 2309 38.27 125 .12 12 .2

41 AXBT 85027 2315 38.41 125 .21 11 .8

42 AXBT 85027 2327 38.45 125 .37 11 .9

43 AXBT 85027 2330 38.36 125 .37 11 .9

44 AXBT 85027 2336 38.16 125 .43 12 .4

52

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60

Temperature (deg C)5 10 15 20

Q-

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Figure 20: Mean temperature profile, with + and - the standard

deviation (0PT0MA15, Leg P)

.

61

Section 3

OPTOMA 15 Leg DII

62

41N

39N

37N

35N128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 21: The cruise track for 0PT0MA15, Leg DII.

63

41N

39N

37N

35N128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 22: XBT and CTD locations for 0PT0MA15, Leg DII

64

41N

39N

37N

35N128W 126W 124W 122W 120W

Figure 23: Station numbers for 0PT0MA15, Leg DII.

65

Table 4: Leg DII Station Listing

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT(NORTH)

LONG(WEST)

SURFAlTEMP

(DD.MM)(DDD.MM)(DEG 1

1 XBT 85040 253 37.49 122.53 11.62 XBT 85040 318 37.51 122.58 11.73 XBT 85040 432 37.55 123.11 11.14 XBT 85040 528 38.00 123.17 10.95 XBT 85040 646 38.04 123.29 11.06 CTD 85040 903 38.05 123.43 11.37 XBT 85040 1109 38.06 123.57 11.38 XBT 85040 1257 38.09 124.14 11.49 XBT 85040 1359 38.13 124.23 11.8

10 XBT 85040 1531 38.15 124.36 11.911 XBT 85040 1652 38.18 124.50 11.612 XBT 85040 1803 38.21 125.03 11.413 XBT 85040 1925 38.23 125.18 11.314 XBT 85040 2033 38.26 125.30 11.315 XBT 85040 2149 38.28 125.45 11.316 XBT 85040 2253 38.30 125.58 11.517 XBT 85040 2355 38.32 126.10 12.118 XBT 85041 121 38.35 126.28 12.219 XBT 85041 213 38.39 126.36 12.120 XBT 85041 318 38.42 126.50 12.0

11.721 XBT 85041 419 38.45 127.0222 XBT 85041 528 38.48 127.16 11.723 XBT 85041 631 38.51 127.29 11.824 XBT 85041 747 38.54 127.44 11.725 XBT 85041 906 38.56 127.59 11.8,

26 XBT 85041 1023 38.44 127.51 11.827 CTD 85041 1140 38.39 127.47 11.728 XBT 85041 1331 38.31 127.41 11.829 XBT 85041 1434 38.22 127.35 11.730 XBT 85041 1535 38.14 127.28 11.931 XBT 85041 1642 38.05 127.21 11.532 XBT 85041 1744 37.56 127.14 11.433 CTD 85041 1922 37.48 127.08 11.534 XBT 85041 2113 37.38 127.00 11.735 XBT 85041 2208 37.31 126.54 11.636 XBT 85041 2313 37.21 126.47 11.637 XBT 85042 11 37.13 126.40 11.638 XBT 85042 111 37.03 126.34 13.039 XBT 85042 202 36.55 126.28 12.840 CTD 85042 307 36.46 126.22 12.741 XBT 85042 611 36.41 126.01 12.842 XBT 85042 706 36.46 125.52 12.943 XBT 85042 811 36.57 125.58 12.444 CTD 85042 925 37.05 126.04 11.645 XBT 85042 1056 37.14 126.11 11.7

SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLESALINITY TEMP SALINITY

C) (PPT) (DEG C) (PPT)

33.16 11.5 33.18

32.81 11.8 32.83

33.07 11.5 33.06

32.90

33.05

12.8 32.90

11.8 33.07

66

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMP SALINITY TEMP SALINITYDD.MM DDD.MM (DEG C) (PPT) (DEG C) (PPT)

464748495051525354555657585960

63646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990

XBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBT

61 XBT62 CTD

XBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTCTD

850428504285042850428504285042850428504285042850428504385043850438504385043850438504385043850438504385043850438504385043850438504385043850448504485044850448504485044850448504485044850448504485044850448504485044850448504485044

11521256140916161716182419222027^1522330

39135257517556725802

1022113012231325143016281727182519242239131225318428542709856959

110212131315142717031916201621172228

1

37.2237.3237.4037.4937.5838.0738.1638.2438.3338.4238.5238.5939.0939.1439.1839.0439.0138.5238.4338.3538.2638.1838.0737.5937.5137.4237.3237.2337.1437.0636.5637.0237.0737.1637.2537.3337.4337.5138.0138.1038.1838.2638.3538.4438.53

126.18126.24126.30126.36126.44126.50126.57127.04127.11127.15127.22127.26127.36127.23127.15127.05127.02126.54126.46126.40126.35126.29126.22126.15126.06126.03125.56125.50125.43125.37125.30125.18125.08125.16125.22125.28125.36125.41125.48125.57126.01126.08126.15126.21126.27

11.711.811.411.611.411.411.811.511.911.712.112.311.912.112.012.011.711.911.812.111.611.411.811.411.511.511.911.911.812.111.611.711.711.711.711.911.911.812.011.611.311.812.312.512.0

33.08

32.76

32.97

33.20

11.6 33.10

32.78 12.0

12.1

32.80 11.9

32.81 11.5

33.19 12.0

11.7

32.80

32.79

32.80

32.81

33.19

33.01

11.6 33.21

32.77 12.1

67


919293949596979899

100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135

XBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBT

850458504585045850458504585045850458504585045850458504585045850458504585045850458504585046850468504685046850468504685046850468504685046850468504685046850468504685046850468504785047850478504785047850478504785047850488504885048

143242343443557639735834951

11071210132713391700190220192322

18123225356501602659809922

10391159144715431753201121532352206446705906

1125145018442133109306413

39.0239.1039.1939.2739.3339.3639.2939.2139.1339.0438.5538.4638.3838.3038.1938.1138.0237.5437.4537.3637.2837.1937.2437.2937.3737.4637.5538.0438.1338.2138.3238.4038.4838.5639.0539.1439.2239.3139.3839.4839.5940.0540.1340.0639.58

126.33126.40126.47126.54126.40126.31126.24126.18126.12126.05125.58125.51125.45125.39125.33125.26125.21125.14125.05124.58124.51124.44124.33124.23124.29124.36124.43124.49124.57125.03125.10125.17125.23125.30125.36125.42125.49125.55126.03126.07126.07126.05126.01125.53125.46

12.212.512.311.112.011.912.112.011.811.81212111111.811.811.912.0111112.011.6111111.811.911.911.612 '112.011.311.411.911.811.812.112.011.211.211.711.311.311.411.310.8

32.79 11.9

33.31

33.25

11.8

12.1

33.14 12.0

33.11

32.86

11.8

10.9

68


136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180

XBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBTXBTXBTXBTCTDXBTXBT

850488504885048850488504885048850488504885048850488504885048850488504885048850488504885049850498504985049850498504985049850498504985049850498505085050850508505085050850508505085050850508505085050850508505085050850508505185051

517627727828927

103011271230134814511550170318321927203021382258336632851

11271343153117111836195521242239

33159339506656831

111913571616174618471946203921412255

31128

39.5039.4139.3239.2439.1639.0738.5938.5138.4038.3238.2438.1538.0437.5737.4837.3937.3337.4537.5438.0238.1138.1938.2838.3738.4638.5439.0439.1239.2039.2839.3639.4539.5540.0340.1740.0839.5939.5139.4339.3439.2639.1739.0939.0038.51

125.40125.33125.26125.20125.13125.06124.59124.54124.47124.42124.35124.27124.19124.14124.07124.01123.49123.52123.56124.02124.09124.16124.23124.30124.36124.43124.47124.52125.02125.08125.14125.22125.28125.35125.34125.26125.19125.12125.05124.59124.51124.44124.39124.31124.24

10.810.711.111.011.111.511.311.511.411.411.711.611.611.411.111.111.311.611.211.511.111.411.611.111.111.3111010.911.211.110.711.010.710.911.110.910.9

:J

101010101011

32.78 10.9

32.91 10.5

11.7

69

STN TYPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE SURFACE BUCKET BOTTLESALINITY TEMP SALINITY

"YPE YR/DAY GMT LAT LONG SURFACE(NORTH) (WEST) TEMPDD.MM DDD.MM (DEG C)

XBT 85051 214 38.43 124.19 11.0XBT 85051 306 38.34 124.13 11.4XBT 85051 414 38.24 124.07 11.1XBT 85051 502 38.15 124.00 10.7XBT 85051 600 38.07 123.53 11.0XBT 85051 656 37.58 123.45 10.8XBT 85051 747 37.50 123.39 11.0XBT 85051 917 37.45 123.24 10.9XBT 85051 1927 38.07 123.41 10.6XBT 85051 2125 38.13 123.43 10.5XBT 85052 130 38.22 123.48 10.3XBT 85052 627 38.29 123.57 11.1XBT 85052 1119 38.39 124.06 10.9XBT 85052 1456 38.48 124.13 10.8XBT 85052 1757 38.56 124.15 10.7XBT 85052 2225 39.04 124.19 10.7XBT 85053 405 39.13 124.31 10.6XBT 85053 722 39.22 124.37 10.4XBT 85053 1017 39.30 124.42 10.7XBT 85053 1370 39.39 124.51 10.5XBT 85053 1730 39.48 124.52 10.4XBT 85053 2019 39.57 124.52 10.4XBT 85053 2133 40.03 124.52 10.2XBT 85053 2241 39.52 124.43 10.3XBT 85053 2341 39.43 124.36 10.1XBT 85054 30 39.35 124.30 10.4

10.4XBT 85054 117 39.26 124.23XBT 85054 206 39.18 124.17 10.5XBT 85054 257 39.09 124.11 10.9XBT 85054 300 39.00 124.04 10.8XBT 85054 442 38.52 123.58 10.3XBT 85054 528 38.45 123.51 9.4XBT 85054 621 38.36 123.44 9.6XBT 85054 718 38.27 123.37 9.5XBT 85054 801 38.19 123.31 9.8XBT 85054 902 38.09 123.24 10.0XBT 85054 1002 38.00 123.17 9.9XBT 85054 1100 37.50 123.19 10.1XBT 85054 1139 37.42 123.20 10.4XBT 85054 1227 37.34 123.11 10.8XBT 85054 1322 37.28 123.01 11.0XBT 85054 1411 37.21 122.53 11.3XBT 85054 1517 37.12 122.42 11.8XBT 85054 1556 37.07 122.35 11.1XBT 85054 1647 37.01 122.26 10.9XBT 85054 1800 36.52 122.13 11.2

(PPT) (DEG C) (PPT)

Data not available

70

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101

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This research was sponsored by the ONR Physical Oceanography Program.The success of the fieldwork was strongly dependent on the competent,willing support of the crews of the USNS DE STEIGUER and the P3 ReservePatrol Wing aircraft. Members of the scientific cruise party were:

Leg DI - Dr. Edward A. Kelley, Jr., Chief Scientist, NPS

Mr. Don Martens, Watch Chief, NPSMr. Paul Wittmann, Watch Chief, NPS

ENS Carolyn Dyke, FNOCMr. Billie Payne, NPSMr. Jon Raugust, NPSMs. Joyce Kelley, NPS

Leg P - Ms. Marie Col ton, NPS

LT Mark Johnson, USN

Leg DII - Dr. Edward A. Kelley, Jr., Chief Scientist, NPS

Mr. Michael McCann, Watch Chief, NPS

Mr. Jon Raugust, Watch Chief, NPS

Mr. James Stockel , Watch Chief, NPS

Mr. Lance Miller, NPSMr. Billie Payne, NPS

ENS Charlotte Kelchner, FNOC

AGAN Mary Tighe, NPS

REFERENCE

Lewis, E.L. and R.G. Perkin, 1981: The Practical Salinity Scale 1978:

conversion of existing data. Deep Sea Res. 28A, 307-328.

102

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Harvard UniversityDivision of Applied SciencesPierce Hall, Room 100D

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Hydrographic data from the OPTOMA Program