Hybridperovskite(HP)materials:Quantumwelldesignfororganic-inorganicelectronics

HaydenEvans6/1/2016

MainSource:

Mitzi,D.;Chondroudis,C.;Kagan,C.IBMJournalofResearchandDevelopment,2001,45,29-45

Organic-inorganicperovskitesareaneasilyprocessed,versatileclassofmaterialswithdiverseproperties.

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InorganicmaterialsPossessarangeofelectronicvariation(insulators,semiconductors,andmetals).Theyalsocanpossesmagneticdielectrictransitions,substationalmechanicalhardnessandhighthermalstability.

Organicmaterialseaseofprocessing,structuraldiversityanddesign

Organic Inorganic

DMFSolvent

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HP’sareincrediblydiverse,andcanbetunedviastoichiometricratioandtypeoforganicreagentsused.

Perovskiteformula=ABX3

HP’sdivalentBsitemetalcanvary(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe,Mn,Cr,Pd,Cd,Ge,Sn,Pb,Eu,Yb)

Thehalidecanbevaried,orevenmadewithapseudohalide(SCN−,NCN−)

OrganicAsitecanbemonovalentordivalentcation

HP’scanbetunedevenfurther,selectingforamountofperovskiteconnectivityaswellascrystalorientation

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<100>orientedfamily[(R-NH3)2An-1MnX3n-1]

<110>orientedfamily[(R-NH3)2AnMnX3n+2]

HybridperovskitelayeredmaterialsareanalogoustoquantumwellMBEdepositedthinfilmsofinorganicmaterials.

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Becauseoftheirquasi-twodimensionalnatureelectronsinquantumwellshaveadensityofstatesthathasdistinctsteps(meaningconfinedelectronsandholes).

Additionally,theeffectivemassofholesinthevalencebandischangedtomorecloselymatchthatofelectronsintheconductionband.

AlGaAs GaAs AlGaAs

e−

H+

Thislevelofcontrolallowsfortuningofquantumwells,especiallyinsystemsthatcontaingermanium(II),tin(II),andlead(II).

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(a)

(b)

(c)

CB

VB

E

Recentwork:creatingquantumwellHPmaterialstunesenergygapandincreasesstability.

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Cao,D.;Stoumpos,C.C.;Farha,O.K.,Hupp,J.T.,Kanatzidis,M.G.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2015,2,7843- 7850

CreatingquantumwellHPmaterialstunesenergygapandincreasesstability.

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Cao,D.;Stoumpos,C.C.;Farha,O.K.,Hupp,J.T.,Kanatzidis,M.G.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2015,2,7843- 7850

Takeaways

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Hybridperovskitematerialscanbetunedandprocessedeasily.

TheyareanalogousMBEdepositedquantumwellsofsolelyinorganicmaterials,andcanexploitsimilarquantumphenomena.

Layeredperovskitematerialshavehigherstability.