Hybrid Energy System and Modern Renewable Energy Resources (2)

8/10/2019 Hybrid Energy System and Modern Renewable Energy Resources (2)

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HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM ANDMODERN RENEWABLE ENERGY

RESOURCES


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INTRODUCTION OF GROUP MEMBERS

Fakhar Anwaar Roll # 04

Hassan Mahmood Roll # 09

Taha Mustahsan Roll # 14

Abdul Hannan Roll # 19

Awais Hassan Roll # 21


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HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM

A hybrid energy system usually consists of two ormore renewable energy sources used together to

provide increased system efficiency as well asgreater balance in energy supply.

Examples

Biomass-wind-fuel cell Photovoltaic-wind

PV/wind hybrid energy system


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PV/WIND HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM


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PV/WIND HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM


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HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are also the exampleof Hybrid energy system.

They used the internal combustion enginepropulsion and electric propulsion together.

Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving

technologies such as regenerative braking.


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HYBRID ELECTRIC CARS

The Toyota Prius is the world's top selling hybrid car,with cumulative global sales of 2.0 million units bySeptember 2010.


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IDEAL HYBRID SYSTEM(IHS)

Completely Renewable or IHS includes

Solar

Wind

Biomass

Hydropower


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DRAWBACKS

A solar/wind/biomass power generating system works, allthese generating systems have some or the other drawbacks

Solar panels are too much costly and the production cost of

power by using them is generally higher than the conventionalprocess,

It also not available in the night/in cloudy days,

Wind turbines cant operate in high or low wind speeds

Biomass plant collapses in low temperature.


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RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

Biomass Energy

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

Hydropower

Geothermal

Tidal Energy


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BIOMASS

Biomass is the organic matter in trees, agricultural crops andother living plant material. It is made up of carbohydratesorganic compounds that are formed in growing plant life.

Biomass energy is derived from five distinct energy sources:

Garbage

Wood

Waste

Landfill gases Alcohol fuels


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HOW IT WORKS

For a biomass power station making electricity, it'spretty much like a fossil fuel power station

For other biofuels, we may burn it to get the heat forour home, or burn it to get energy for a car engine,

or for some other purpose.


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ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES

It makes sense to use wastematerials where we can.

The fuel tends to be cheap.

Less demand on the fossil

fuels

DISADVANTAGES

Collecting or growing thefuel in sufficient quantities

can be difficult.

We burn the biofuel, so itmakes greenhouse gases

just like fossil fuels do.

Some waste materials arenot available all year round.


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WIND ENERGY

We've used the wind as an energy source for a longtime.

Wind is the approximate horizontal movement of aircaused by differential heating of the earthssurface.

Wind turbines are often placed near the top of hills

and ridges and well away from buildings speciallynear seashores and offshores


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HOW IT WORKS

The Sun heats our atmosphereunevenly, so some patchesbecome warmer than others.

These warm patches of air rise,

other air blows in to replace them -and we feel a wind blowing.

We can use the energy in the windby building a tall tower, with a largepropeller on the top.

The wind blows the propeller round,which turns a generator to produceelectricity.


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WIND TURBINES


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ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

Advantages

Wind is free, wind farms needno fuel.

Produces no waste orgreenhouse gases.

The land beneath can usuallystill be used for farming.

Wind farms can be touristattractions.

A good method of supplyingenergy to remote areas.

Disadvantages

The wind is not alwayspredictable - some days haveno wind.

Suitable areas for wind farmsare often near the coast,where land is expensive.

Some people feel thatcovering the landscape with

these towers is unsightly. Can kill birds - migrating flocks

tend to like strong winds.Can affect television receptionif you live nearby.

Can be noisy.


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SOLAR ENERGY

The energy gained from the sunlight is called solarenergy.

There are two systems in solar energy systems Solar PV system

Solar thermal system


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SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC


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SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM


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CYLINDRICAL PARABOLIC TROUGHCOLLECTOR


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PARABOLIC DISH CONCENTRATORS


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POWER (SOLAR) TOWER


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HYDROPOWER

Hydropower, hydraulic power or is power that isderived from the force or energy of moving water.

This power is used to drive hydropower turbines.


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HYDROPOWER GENERATOR


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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generatedand stored in the Earth.

Used to produce power

The hot water in the underground reservoir isconverted into steam which is then used to drive

the turbines.


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BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY


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OSCILLATING WATER COLUMN (OWC)

Shown in the image , is a terminator. OWCs havetwo openings -- one on the bottom that allowswater to enter the column and one narrow passage

above to let air in and out. As waves come and fillthe column with water, this pressurizes the air inside,which forces the air through the opening above.The air encounters and drives a turbine. Then, aswaves pull away, water rushes out, which sucksmore air back down through the top, driving theturbine again.


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OVERTOPPING DEVICE

Another terminator, an overtopping device,includes a wall that collects the water from risingwaves in a reservoir. The water can escape throughan opening, but while passing through, drives aturbine. The most famous kind of terminator.


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After waves topple over a wallinto a reservoir, the water drainsout of an outlet, where it drivesa turbine.


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ADVANTAGES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

Advantages

These resources areeasily available innature.

Free of cost

Infinite sources

Disadvantages

High cost

High maintenancerequired

Needs a large surfacearea

Some parameters arebeyond control ofhuman beings


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RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES IN FUTURE

From the year 2007 up till now there is gradual

increase in the renewable energy resources.


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THANK YOU

QUEST IONS??

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Hybrid Energy System and Modern Renewable Energy Resources (2)