Upload
rahul-raj
View
222
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
1/31
HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLESHYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES
M. R. Rahul Raj
M. Nithin Mohan
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
2/31
History of HEVsHistory of HEVs
1997 First modern HEV introduced in1997 First modern HEV introduced in
Japan: ToyotaJapan: Toyota PriusPrius (on left below)(on left below)
1999 First modern HEV sold in U.S.:1999 First modern HEV sold in U.S.:HondaHonda InsightInsight(on right below)(on right below)
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
3/31
What Is a HybridWhat Is a Hybrid
Electric Vehicle (HEV)?Electric Vehicle (HEV)?
The combination of anThe combination of an internal combustioninternal combustion
engineengine (ICE) with one or more(ICE) with one or more electricelectric
motor/generatorsmotor/generators and aand a battery packbattery pack
CombinesCombinesPropulsion System WithPropulsion System With RESSRESS and getsand gets
Better Fuel economy.Better Fuel economy.
An HEV uses less gasoline because the electricAn HEV uses less gasoline because the electric
motor does some of the work.motor does some of the work.
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
4/31
HEV MODELHEV MODEL
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
5/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
6/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
7/31
MMP HEVs prolong charge on batteriesMMP HEVs prolong charge on batteries
capturing KE via Regenerative Braking.capturing KE via Regenerative Braking.
HEVs use ICE to generate Electricity byHEVs use ICE to generate Electricity by
spinning Electric Generator either tospinning Electric Generator either to
Recharge or to feed power.Recharge or to feed power.
How HEVs WorkHow HEVs Work
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
8/31
HOW HYBRIDS WORK?HOW HYBRIDS WORK?
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
9/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
10/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
11/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
12/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
13/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
14/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
15/31
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
16/31
About HEVsAbout HEVs
HEVs offer the efficiency of electric-HEVs offer the efficiency of electric-
powered vehicles without having topowered vehicles without having to
recharge by using conventional enginesrecharge by using conventional engines
and fuels.and fuels.
Efficiencies are gained from motor down-Efficiencies are gained from motor down-
sizing and regenerative braking.sizing and regenerative braking.
Inherent flexibility allows use for numerousInherent flexibility allows use for numerous
applications.applications.
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
17/31
HEV EfficiencyHEV Efficiency
Three key factors:Three key factors:
Regenerative brakingRegenerative braking
Engine sizeEngine size Vehicle weight & aerodynamic designVehicle weight & aerodynamic design
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
18/31
HEV Efficiency(contd)HEV Efficiency(contd)
Engine size = may be smaller than in aEngine size = may be smaller than in aconventional vehicleconventional vehicle
Engine is sized to accommodateEngine is sized to accommodate averageaverage
loadload not notpeak loadpeak load
Vehicle weight/aerodynamic design:Vehicle weight/aerodynamic design:
Built using special lightweight materialsBuilt using special lightweight materials
Uses advanced aerodynamics to reduce dragUses advanced aerodynamics to reduce drag
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
19/31
Advanced TechnologiesAdvanced Technologies
Regenerative BrakingRegenerative Braking
Electric Motor Drive/AssistElectric Motor Drive/Assist
Automatic Start/ ShutOffAutomatic Start/ ShutOff
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
20/31
Regenerative BrakingRegenerative Braking
RecapturesRecaptures kinetic energykinetic energynormally lost as heatnormally lost as heat
during brakingduring braking
Kinetic energy = energy of motionKinetic energy = energy of motion
Electric motor acts as a generator when brakesElectric motor acts as a generator when brakes
appliedapplied
Converts kinetic energy to electrical energy, storedConverts kinetic energy to electrical energy, stored
in batteriesin batteries It becomesIt becomespotential energypotential energy available for use available for use
No system is 100% efficientNo system is 100% efficient
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
21/31
Electric Motor Drive/AssistElectric Motor Drive/Assist
Additional Power to assist engineAdditional Power to assist engine
Accelerating, Passing and Hill Climbing.Accelerating, Passing and Hill Climbing.
So, allows Smaller and More EfficientSo, allows Smaller and More Efficient
Engine to be Used.Engine to be Used.
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
22/31
Automatic Start/ShutoffAutomatic Start/Shutoff
Automatically shuts off the engine when theAutomatically shuts off the engine when the
vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it whenvehicle comes to a stop and restarts it whenthe accelerator is pressed. This preventsthe accelerator is pressed. This prevents
wasted energy from idling.wasted energy from idling.
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
23/31
HEVs and Air PollutionHEVs and Air Pollution
Decreased fuel consumption results in reduced vehicle
emissions
Ability to operate with smaller, more efficient motor
maximizes emission management Strategies
Result is reduction of harmful pollutants in atmosphere
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
24/31
HEVs in TransportationHEVs in Transportation
Increasing gasoline prices are making HEVs very
attractive to consumers
HEVs are already available today(In , and their use
will become more widespread as production picks up
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
25/31
Hybrid ReliabilityHybrid Reliability
Hybrids have some of the highest safety ratings of
all vehicles
High-voltage system contains many safety features
Battery charge is computer controlled extends
battery life
Batteries under warranty for 100,000 miles, is yourengine??????
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
26/31
Hybrid Reliability(contd)Hybrid Reliability(contd)
The cost of maintenance is reduced due to operation
of hybrid technology
Regenerative braking reduces wear on brakes
Idle stop extends engine life
Electric accessories reduce load on
engine
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
27/31
HEV Advantages
Reduced fuel consumption
Excellent gas mileage
Fewer tailpipe emissions
Lighter batteries than electric vehicles
Regenerative braking system stores electrical
energy in Batteries
Uses less fuel to recharge batteries
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
28/31
HEV DisadvantagesHEV Disadvantages
Reduced, but not emission-free
HEVs are partial zero-emission vehicles (PZEVs) they
produce zero emissions only when engine is not running
More expensive than conventional Vehicles
Has a payback period in average use
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
29/31
Chevrolet Tahoe HybridChevrolet Tahoe Hybrid
Honda Accord HybridHonda Accord Hybrid
Honda Civic HybridHonda Civic Hybrid
Ford Escape HybridFord Escape HybridGMC Silverado HybridGMC Silverado Hybrid
GMC Sierra HybridGMC Sierra Hybrid
Toyota PriusToyota Prius
Toyota Highlander HybridToyota Highlander Hybrid
Lexus 400hLexus 400h
Current Models of HEVsCurrent Models of HEVs
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
30/31
In IndiaIn India
According to the Business News on 19According to the Business News on 19thth
January, 2009, M&M is planning to LaunchJanuary, 2009, M&M is planning to Launch
Hybrid Electric Vehicles in India in a coupleHybrid Electric Vehicles in India in a couple
of Years.of Years.
Soon can be seen on Indian RoadsSoon can be seen on Indian Roads
8/14/2019 HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (Rahul Raj)
31/31
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
So, the HEVs have more efficiency,
Low Fuel Economy, High Reliability and
Less Air Pollution.
Optimum Utilisation of these Vehicles
will yield in good Results, especially
Reduction of pollution.