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Cell cycle-process from start to finish
Cell division/cell cycle-Interphase through Cytokinesis
Mitosis (M phase) Prophase through Telophase Only divides the nucleus NOT the whole cell
Where does the cell cycle/division occur?All somatic (body) cellsCreates cells that are genetically the same
Identical DNA
Interphase-most common and longest
G1-cell growth and developmentcell doing the cell’s job
S-DNA synthesischromatin is copied to make two strands, one for each new cell
G2-more cell growth and developmentG0-cell exits the cell cycle and rests
Nervous cells are in G0
prophase
Chromatin thickens to become chromosomes (now visible)
Centrioles (plant cells do not have these) move to the poles of the cell
Chromosomes attach to the newly formed spindle fibers
Nucleus dissolves
Anaphase (a for apart-chromosomes move apart)
Sister chromatids split they are pulled centromere first
Start to reach the opposite poles
CytokinesisCytokinesis happens-division of the cytoplasm and organelles using a cleavage furrow
Each new cell begins interphase and starts the cycle all over again.
Plant vs Animal CytokinesisPlants
Form a cell plate in the middle to divide the cell in half
The cell plate will eventually become the cell wall.
Animal CellThe cell membrane
and cytoplasm pinch or cleave in the middle until 2 cells are formed
DO NOT NEED A CELL PLATE
Look at the data table on page 249. Answer the questions.• 1. Most wbcs are needed for only a short
time to fight infection so they don’t have to live for a long time.
• 2. Cardiac muscle cells and neurons cannot divide, injuries to the heart and spinal cord cannot heal. The cells of smooth muscles can divide and heal through cell division.
• 3. The cells lining the digestive system are more prone to be destroyed.
• 4. Cancer cells are long lived and division can occur a seemingly unlimited number of times.