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Shongtao Dai
Office of Materials and Road Research
Minnesota Department of Transportation
June 10th, 2014
Mn/DOT
Office of Materials and Road Research
Effects of Implements of
Husbandry “Farm Equipment”
on Pavement Performance
A pooled fund study participants:
IL DOT
Industries Represented by Professional Nutrient Applicators Association of Wisconsin (PNAAW)
Iowa DOT
Wis. DOT
Minnesota Local Road Research Board (LRRB)
MnDOT
Private Industry:
PNAAW
John Deere, CaseIH, AgCo,
Houle Farm Equipment
Husky Farm Equipment
Minnesota, Iowa, Ohio, Michigan, Manure Applicators Associations
Michelin, Firestone/Bridgestone
PIs: Univ. of MN; Iowa state Univ.
Major Objectives
Determine pavement responses to
selected agricultural equipment using
instrumented pavements.
Compare pavement response to typical
5-axle semi.
Research Approach Cell 84 at MnROAD
5.5” HMA with PG58-34
9” gravel aggregate base
A-4 subgrade soil
Cell 83 at MnROAD 3.5” HMA with PG58-
34
8” gravel aggregate base
A-4 subgrade soil
5.5” HMA
8in. Aggregate base
A6 clay subgrade
9” Aggregate base
Existing PCC
section 54
7.5” PCC
12” aggregate base
Existing PCC
section 32
5.5” PCC
12” aggregate base
5.0” PCC
8in. Aggregate base
subgrade
6” Aggregate base
7.5” PCC
8in. Aggregate base
subgrade
12” Aggregate base
Tested Vehicles
Axle Weight Measured
Contact pressure gauge (Tekscan)
0%
7,980 lbs
50%
19,550
lbs
80%
24,680
lbs
Test Statistics
Test Season Test Dates Vehicle Passes
AC PCC
Spring 2008 March 17th
– 19th
& 24th
– 26th
400 48
Fall 2008 August 26th
– 29th
282 72
Spring 2009 March 16th
– 20th
960 170
Fall 2009 August 24th
– 28th
782 360
Spring 2010 March 15th
– 18th
776 344
Fall 2010 August 18th
– 19th
426 204
Total 3,626 1,198
Failure Cell 32 Cell 83
Major Findings
All tested vehicles resulted in higher subgrade
stresses than the standard truck.
Pavement damage is governed by axle weight,
not the gross vehicle weight. Therefore, it is
important to ensure even load distribution
among axles.
A fully loaded 1,000 bushels grain cart caused
the highest pavement stresses and strains. It
was followed by fully loaded terragators 9203
and 3104.
Presence of a paved shoulder reduces damage
potential. In the absence of a paved shoulder,
allowing to drive in the middle of roads (away
from the edge) reduces a risk of pavement
failure.
Pavement damage can be reduced if the most
unfavorable conditions (fully saturated and/or
thawed base and subgrade, high AC
temperature) are avoided.
LTC Discussion
Implementation Approaches and
Outcome
How have you used the results?
What additional opportunities are there to use the
results?
What are the barriers to implementing the
findings? How could they be overcome?
What outreach products or support would help
improve implementation of this project?
Did this project solve the problem identified? Is additional research needed?
What was the single most useful outcome from this study?
What improved or changed as a result of this research?
Did this project result in cost or time savings? How did you calculate it?
LTC Design Discussion
Research Value and Benefits
Thank you!