HUSAB URANIUM MINE GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION · Husab Uranium Mine Geochemical Investigation SLR Project No: 7NA.19008.00058 Filename: 7NA.19008.00058-R01_Husab_Geochem_rev0_20180228

HUSAB URANIUM MINE

GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION

Husab Uranium Mine

Prepared for: Swakop Uranium (Pty) Ltd

Project Reference: 7NA.19008.00058 Report number: 0 February 2018

Swakop Uranium (Pty) Ltd Husab Uranium Mine Geochemical Investigation SLR Project No: 7NA.19008.00058 Filename: 7NA.19008.00058-R01_Husab_Geochem_rev0_20180228 February 2018

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DOCUMENT INFORMATION

Title Husab Uranium Mine Geochemical Investigation

Project Manager Michelle Papenfus

Project Manager Email [email protected]

Author [email protected]

Reviewer Terry Harck

Keywords geochemistry, waste rock, acid base accounting

Status Draft

Report No. 01

SLR Company SLR Consulting (Africa) (Pty) Ltd

DOCUMENT REVISION RECORD

Rev No. Issue Date Description Issued By

0 February 2018 First draft issued for client comment MP

BASIS OF REPORT

This document has been prepared by an SLR Group company with reasonable skill, care and diligence, and taking account of the manpower, timescales and resources devoted to it by agreement with Swakop Uranium (Pty) Ltd (the Client) as part or all of the services it has been appointed by the Client to carry out. It is subject to the terms and conditions of that appointment.

SLR shall not be liable for the use of or reliance on any information, advice, recommendations and opinions in this document for any purpose by any person other than the Client. Reliance may be granted to a third party only in the event that SLR and the third party have executed a reliance agreement or collateral warranty.

Information reported herein may be based on the interpretation of public domain data collected by SLR, and/or information supplied by the Client and/or its other advisors and associates. These data have been accepted in good faith as being accurate and valid.

SLR disclaims any responsibility to the Client and others in respect of any matters outside the agreed scope of the work.

The copyright and intellectual property in all drawings, reports, specifications, bills of quantities, calculations and other information set out in this report remain vested in SLR unless the terms of appointment state otherwise.

This document may contain information of a specialised and/or highly technical nature and the Client is advised to seek clarification on any elements which may be unclear to it.

Information, advice, recommendations and opinions in this document should only be relied upon in the context of the whole document and any documents referenced explicitly herein and should then only be used within the context of the appointment.


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Swakop Uranium is conducting a surface and groundwater investigation for the extension of their waste rock dump (WRD) at the Husab Uranium Mine (Husab Mine). The Husab Mine is located in central Namibia approximately 40km east of Swakopmund.

Waste rock from two pits will be stored on the extended WRD. In addition to the WRD there are two temporary sub-economic material (SEM) stockpiles. Samples of the materials in the WRD and SEM must be geochemically analysed to assess future seepage quality and potential groundwater contamination.

The objective of this investigation was to undertake geochemical characterisation of mineral material deposited onto the Husab Mine WRD and SEM piles to:

Determine if potentially acid forming material is present;

Assess (at a preliminary level of detail) the potential risk to water resources; and

Assess whether an unsaturated flow and transport model is considered necessary to assess potential risk to downstream water resources.

Based on a review of the available data for the site, SLR prepared a sampling and analysis plan for the collection of waste rock and SEM from exploration drill cores and the mine pits. The sampling and analysis plan was submitted to Husab mine for approval. The Husab geological team collected the samples, which were shipped to South Africa for geochemical analysis.

Test programs for the acid generating potential, total elemental concentrations as well as the leachable concentrations were conducted on samples of the mineral material to be stored on the WRD and the SEM stockpiles. With reference to the objectives of this study, the following conclusions apply:

To determine if the WRD and SEM stockpile materials are potentially acid generating: o The majority of the samples analysed were classified as non-PAG (non-Potentially Acid

Generating);

o Some of the mineral materials analysed are potentially acid generating including the following:

Schist (2 samples);

Mixtite;

Gneiss;

Migmatite; and

Zone 2 – SEM.

o The geological environment can be described as having a predominantly low neutralisation potential (NP);

o Based on the change of pH in the leach tests, the NP (Neutralisation Potential) of the Husab lithologies can be leached over the short term ;

o Acid potential appears to be associated with the presence of pyrite, except for calcsilicate, which has an excess of NP;

o The calcsilicate can be used as a resource of NP: if used as a base layer for the WRD and SEM piles it can mitigate possible acid drainage at the source.


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To assess the potential risk to water resources:

o The drainage emanating from the WRD and SEM stockpiles may be acidic, if the acid potential of the pyrite-bearing rock exceeds the available NP and the sporadic rainfall of the area results in drainage from the piles;

o The concentrations of F and Hg in pile drainage may pose a water quality risk;

o Drainage quality depends to a significant degree on the solid to solution (rock to rainfall infiltration) ratio within the WRD and SEM piles;


o Based on the findings of this report it has been established that the WRD and SEM stockpiles may present a source of water quality impact. Whether the receptor is impacted by this source can only be determined when it has been established if a pathway from the source to the receptor exists. Therefore, it is concluded that a source-pathway-receptor assessment is required to assess whether numerical modelling of downstream risk is required.

A source-pathway-receptor assessment integrates the baseline geochemistry, hydrogeology, hydrology and ecology baselines. A workshop with the relevant specialists could easily and quickly evaluate whether a significant risk to downstream receptors exists and whether numerical modelling is required to quantify the risk.

This assessment of geochemical data indicates that the WRD and SEM piles may pose a risk to downstream water quality. This risk may be managed through the following actions:

Mine the calcsilicate separately and use it as a base layer for the WRD and SEM piles to mitigate acid drainage that may occur in the piles. Adding a source of Ca also makes it possible for F to precipitate. Therefore, the addition of the calcsilicate as a base layer may have a beneficial impact on acid generation and reduce the mobility of F in solution;

Conduct a specialist workshop to assess whether risk to identified sensitive receptors exists by performing a source pathway receptor assessment;

Kinetic leach tests with waste rock samples of expected particle sizes are recommended if the SPR assessment indicates that more information is required to characterise the risk;

Regardless of the outcome of the specialist workshop and source-pathway-receptor assessment, Husab should do the following to manage potential water quality impacts from the WRD and SEMs:

o Install monitoring points and boreholes in local water resources (surface water and groundwater) downstream of the facilities;

o Monitor the surface water and groundwater quality prior to, during operation, and after closure of the facilities to characterise potential environmental risk; and

O Water quality monitoring should apply the following analyses: pH, EC, Total Alkalinity, Al, As , B , Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Cl Co, Cr , Cu, F, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, NH3, Ni, NO2, NO3, Pb, PO4, Sb, Se, S, Si, Sn, SO4, Sr, U, and Zn.


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CONTENTS ....................................................................................................

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... I

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 7 1.

1.1 Objective ................................................................................................................................... 7

1.2 Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 7

1.3 site location and layout ............................................................................................................. 7

LEGISLATION ................................................................................................................... 9 2.

METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 10 3.

3.1 Data Review ............................................................................................................................ 10

3.2 Sampling ................................................................................................................................. 10

3.3 Laboratory analysis ................................................................................................................. 10

3.3.1 Acid Base Accounting ..................................................................................................................................................... 10

3.3.2 Total Elemental Concentration ...................................................................................................................................... 12

3.3.3 Mineralogy – X-Ray Diffraction ...................................................................................................................................... 12

3.3.4 Chemical Composition Compared to Crustal Abundance ............................................................................................ 12

3.3.5 Metal Leaching ............................................................................................................................................................... 13

RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 15 4.

4.1 Data Review ............................................................................................................................ 15

4.1.1 Climate ............................................................................................................................................................................ 15

4.1.2 Geological setting ........................................................................................................................................................... 15

4.1.3 Metago (2009) ................................................................................................................................................................ 17

4.1.4 Metago (2010) ................................................................................................................................................................ 20

4.2 Sampling ................................................................................................................................. 23

4.2.1 Waste Rock ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23

4.2.2 Semi Economical Material (SEM) ................................................................................................................................... 23

4.3 Laboratory analysis ................................................................................................................. 25

4.3.1 Mineralogy – X-Ray Diffraction ...................................................................................................................................... 25

4.3.2 Acid base accounting ...................................................................................................................................................... 27

4.3.3 Total element concentrations ........................................................................................................................................ 29

4.3.4 Leaching Potential .......................................................................................................................................................... 29

DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................. 33 5.

5.1 Sample Representativeness .................................................................................................... 33

5.2 Comparison with Previous geochemical investigations .......................................................... 33

5.2.1 Acid Base Accounting ..................................................................................................................................................... 33

5.2.2 Total Elemental Concentrations .................................................................................................................................... 35


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5.2.3 Leaching Potential .......................................................................................................................................................... 35

5.3 Assumptions and Limitations .................................................................................................. 36

CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................. 37 6.

RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................... 38 7.

REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 39 8.

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: Analytical Results – Metago 2009................................................................................. 41

APPENDIX B: Composition of composite samples (Metago, 2010) .................................................... 44

APPENDIX C: Analytical Results – Metago 2010 ................................................................................. 46

APPENDIX D: Sampling and Analysis Plan .......................................................................................... 50

APPENDIX E: Geochemistry Sampling Report .................................................................................... 51

APPENDIX F: Laboratory Certificates .................................................................................................. 52

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3-1: Reports reviewed for assessment ..................................................................................... 10

Table 3-2: Description of leach procedures used for leach tests (MEND, 2009; INAP, 2012). .......... 13

Table 4-1: Rainfall depth and return periods (Metago Australia, 2010) ............................................ 15

Table 4-2: Regional stratigraphic succession (after Knupp, 2014) ..................................................... 17

Table 4-3: ABA results on samples material designated for the WRD and SEM stockpiles (Metago, 2009) ........................................................................................................................................ 19

Table 4-4: ABA results on samples material designated for composite samples (Metago, 2010)..... 21

Table 4-5: Sample locations, formation, rock name and description (adapted from Neumbo and Louw, 2017) ............................................................................................................................... 23

Table 4-6: Crystalline mineralogy determined by XRD....................................................................... 26

Table 4-7: Acid Mine Drainage Classification (US EPA 1994; Price 2009; Fey 2003) .......................... 27

Table 4-8: acid-base accounting (Modified Sobek (EPA-600) and sulphur speciation (Pyrolysis) results for waste rock and SEM samples .......................................................................................... 28

Table 4-9: Exceedances of water quality guideline values for 1:4 and 1:20 (solid:solution) leach results ........................................................................................................................................ 30

Table 4-10: Distilled water leach results (1:20 and 1:4 solid to solution ratio) ................................. 31

Table 5-1: Suggested initial sampling frequency (MEND, 2009) ........................................................ 33

Table 5-2: Minimum, average and maximum NPR values per lithology ............................................ 34

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1: Site location and infrastructure ......................................................................................... 8


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Figure 4-1: Neutralization potential ratio versus total S for Husab waste rock samples (Metago, 2009) ........................................................................................................................................ 19

Figure 4-2: Neutralization potential ratio versus total S for Husab waste rock samples (Metago, 2010) ........................................................................................................................................ 21

Figure 4-3: Estimated particle size distribution for Husab waste rock (Metago, 2010) ..................... 22

Figure 4-4: Geochemical sample locations ......................................................................................... 24

Figure 4-5: Crystalline mineralogy determined by XRD ..................................................................... 26

Figure 4-6: Sample abundance in relation to average crustal abundance ......................................... 29

Figure 5-1: Neutralisation potential ratio versus total S for Husab waste rock samples ................... 34


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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

WRD Waste rock dump

SWM sub-economic material

INAP International Network for Acid Prevention

GARD Global Acid Rock Drainage

ABA Acid-base Accounting

WHO World Health Organisation

NDWS Namibian drinking water standards

IFC International Finance Corporation

ARD Acid rock drainage

AP Acid Generating Potential

NP Acid Neutralising Potential

NNP Net Neutralisation Potential

NPR Neutralising Potential Ratio

NAG Net acid generation

XRD X-ray Diffraction

GAI Geochemical Abundance Index

SPLP Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure

TCLP Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure

RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

US EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

SCZ Southern Central Zone

AMC Abbabis Metamorphic Complex

PAG Potentially acid generating


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INTRODUCTION 1.

Swakop Uranium is conducting a surface and groundwater investigation for the extension of their waste rock dump (WRD) at the Husab Uranium Mine (Husab Mine). The Husab Mine is located in central Namibia approximately 40km east of Swakopmund.

Waste rock from two pits will be stored on the extended WRD. In addition to the WRD there are two temporary sub-economic material (SEM) stockpiles. Samples of the materials in the WRD and SEM must be geochemically analysed to assess future seepage quality and potential groundwater contamination.

1.1 OBJECTIVE

The objective of this investigation was to undertake geochemical characterisation of mineral material deposited onto the Husab Mine WRD and SEM piles to:

Determine if potentially acid forming material is present;

Assess (at a preliminary level of detail) the potential risk to water resources; and


1.2 SCOPE

The proposed scope of work to achieve the proposed terms of reference is as follows:

Data review;

Development of sampling plan;

Laboratory analysis; and

Data interpretation and reporting.

Husab mine personnel in consultation with SLR geochemists collected the samples required for the assessment.

1.3 SITE LOCATION AND LAYOUT

The Husab Mine is located about 40 km east of the Municipality of Swakopmund in the Erongo Region of western Namibia and encompasses an area that lies between the ephemeral Swakop and Khan rivers (Figure 1-1). The Khan River is the main tributary to the Swakop River and their confluence is situated approx. 13 km southwest of the site.

Historical records for Swakopmund, dating as far back as 1899, indicate an annual average rainfall of 14 mm. The site falls within the 2100-2240 mm per year evaporation rate zone (MENDELSOHN ET AL., 2002). This indicates that evaporation will significantly exceed rainfall, typical for arid to hyper-arid conditions (SLR, 2015).


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Figure 1-1: Site location and infrastructure


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LEGISLATION 2.

In the mining context, the quality of water resources can be impacted by mine drainage, which depends on the geochemistry of the mining-disturbed geology. Therefore, the only Namibian legislation of relevance is directed at managing and controlling contamination and pollution of the surface water and groundwater resources.

The International Network for Acid Prevention (INAP) (2009) sponsored the development of the Global Acid Rock Drainage (GARD) Guide, which outlines current international best practice for the prediction, prevention, and management of mine drainage. The geochemical assessment follows this guideline.

Geochemical data interpretation in this report is based on international best practice guidelines and Namibian guidelines where available. The following guidelines apply:

Acid-base Accounting (ABA): Prediction Manual for Drainage Chemistry from Sulphidic Geologic Materials (MEND 2009);

Total element concentrations: average (median) crustal abundance as presented by Fortescue (1992) – this is not a guideline, but a general reference baseline; and

Water and leachate analyses:

o World Health Organisation (WHO) Guidelines for drinking-water quality (WHO, 2011);

o Namibia Department of Water and Forestry, Guidelines for the evaluation of drinking-water for human consumption with regard to chemical, physical and bacteriological quality (referred to the Namibian drinking water standards (NDWS) in this report) (NDWA, 1988); and

o International Finance Corporation (IFC) Guidelines for Mining Effluents (IFC, 2007).

It is noted that there are no requirements specifically cited in the IFC standards for geochemical baseline investigations.


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METHODOLOGY 3.

3.1 DATA REVIEW

The reports used in this assessment are summarised in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1: Reports reviewed for assessment

Author Date Title Reference

Metago Water Geosciences (Pty) Ltd

Sept 2010 ARD Assessment Husab WGC106

Metago Environmental Engineers Australia (Pty) Ltd

Oct 2009 Geochemical Characterisation of Rock Materials from Rossing South

M009-04 Report number: 01 Final

SLR Environmental Consulting (Namibia) (Pty) Ltd

Oct 2015 Conceptual Groundwater Model for the Husab Uranium Mine - Interim Report

733.19008.00028 Report number: 2015-WG60

3.2 SAMPLING

Based on a review of the available data for the site, SLR prepared a sampling and analysis plan for the collection of waste rock and SEM from exploration drill cores and the mine pits. The sampling and analysis plan was submitted to Husab mine for approval. The Husab geological team collected the samples, which were shipped to South Africa for geochemical analysis.

3.3 LABORATORY ANALYSIS

SLR submitted the samples from Husab Mine to Waterlab, Pretoria, for geochemical analysis. This section describes the geochemical testwork conducted on the samples.

3.3.1 Acid Base Accounting

Acid rock drainage (ARD) refers to a water quality resulting from the exposure and weathering of sulphide-bearing mineralized zones. The water is typically characterised by low pH values, elevated salt, and metal concentrations. The driving force of ARD generation is the direct (by oxygen) or indirect (by ferric iron for example) oxidation of sulphide minerals like pyrite or in some cases elemental sulphur. The oxidation of sulphide minerals occurs naturally when exposed to the atmosphere through geologic processes. This is often accelerated by anthropogenic activities such as mining or other excavation activities. The acid generating reactions are normally accompanied by acid neutralisation reactions because of the dissolution of carbonate and/or silicate minerals, which buffer the pH values over time along a series of pH plateaus. The dissolution of carbonate and silicate minerals adds to the composition of the final drainage, which shows different qualities for different buffer plateaus over time.

Acid base accounting is an analytical procedure that was developed to screen the acid-producing and acid-neutralizing potential of overburden rocks prior to large scale excavations. It is a static procedure and provides no information on the speed with which acid generation or neutralization will proceed, which is usually determined by kinetic weathering. Acid base accounting provides several parameters used to evaluate the potential for acid drainage to evolve from the interaction of a sample with water. These parameters are described below.


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Acid Potential and Neutralising Potential

Acid–Base Accounting is an internationally accepted analytical procedure that was developed to screen the acid-producing and acid-neutralizing potential of rocks. It is a static procedure and provides no information the speed with which acid generation or neutralization will proceed. This is normally determined by kinetic weathering or leaching tests.

The Acid Generating Potential (AP) is due to the oxidation of sulphide minerals in a rock sample and is calculated as the total sulphide sulphur content in percentage multiplied by 31.25.

The Acid Neutralising Potential (NP) is a measure of the total acid a material is capable of neutralising and is predominantly a result of neutralising bases, mostly carbonates and exchangeable alkali and alkali earth cations.

Net Neutralising Potential (NNP)

The Net Neutralisation Potential (NNP) is calculated by subtracting the Acid Generating Potential (AP) from the Acid Neutralising Potential (NP):

NNP = NP – AP

Results are reported in kg of calcium carbonate per tonne of overburden (or parts per thousand). For a sample:

Negative NNP indicates potential to generate acid and therefore a predicted net acid drainage water quality; and

Positive NNP indicates acid neutralising potential or a predicted net alkaline drainage water quality.

Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR)

The Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR) can be used to identify potentially acid producing rocks. The NPR is calculated by dividing the Neutralising Potential (NP) by the acid potential (AP):

NPR = NP/AP

In the assessment:

NPR ratios larger than 4 indicate non-potentially acid generation (Non-PAG);

Ratios between 1 and 3 are considered inconclusive / possibly acid generating; and

NPR ratios below 1 indicate potential acid generation (PAG) if sufficient sulphur is available (S > 0.3%).

A NPR of at least 2 is needed for complete acid neutralisation (Cravotta et al., 1990). In case of preferential exposure or reactivity of sulphides the required ratio needed for complete acid neutralisation may go up to 4 (Price et al., 1997) and therefore 4 is used as a precautionary screening value.

Sulphur Speciation

The ABA tests assume that all sulphur in the sample will react to form sulphuric acid. However, some of the sulphur may be present in non-acid producing sulphates. If a significant part to the total sulphur occurs as sulphate sulphur instead of sulphide sulphur, the overall risk of acid generation is reduced. Acid generation of samples with sulphide sulphur content below 0.3% is furthermore considered short term (Price & Errington, 1995; Soregaroli & Lawrence, 1998).


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Paste pH

Paste pH analysis is undertaken in conjunction with the ABA test. The test is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive screening tool that indicates the presence of readily available NP (generally from carbonate) or stored acidity and involves the placement of ‘crushed’ sample with distilled water at a low solid to liquid ratio (to produce a paste) and the pH measured after approximately two minutes. Paste pH values of less than 5 indicate the presence of stored acidity, whereas high paste pH suggest the presence of reactive neutralising minerals.

The outcome of the test is governed by the surficial properties of the solid material being tested, and more particularly, the extent of soluble minerals, which may provide useful information regarding anticipated mine water quality. It represents more closely the water to solid ratio of pore waters in wastes than other analysis procedures.

NAG pH

Net acid generation tests (NAG) determines the AP of sulphur minerals by oxidation of waste rock with hydrogen peroxide. This will depend on the acid produced and the reaction with acid neutralizing materials such as carbonates. The risk of acid generation is categorised as follows:

NAG pH < 3.5 – High risk;

NAG pH between 3.5 and 5.5 – Low risk; and

NAG pH > 5.5 – No risk.

3.3.2 Total Elemental Concentration

The total leachable element of a sample is determined by the complete dissolution of the sample and analysis for selected elements. The complete digestion of the sample gives a reference point of elemental concentrations in the rock prior to the assessment of their actual leachability under different environmental conditions as simulated by the leach test (refer to Section 3.3.5).

3.3.3 Mineralogy – X-Ray Diffraction

Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. Mine drainage quality is generally a function of mineral dissolution (or precipitation) during interaction of rocks with water. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis identifies the main crystalline mineral phases in each sample. XRD is conducted on whole rock samples that have been crushed and ground to a powder. The powdered sample is placed on a flat holder, which faces the X-ray beam. The X-rays are diffracted by the crystal planes in the minerals, with diffraction peaks at characteristic angles. The phases are identified by comparing the locations and intensities of the diffraction peak with the peaks of mineral reference standards (Price, 2009).

3.3.4 Chemical Composition Compared to Crustal Abundance

The chemical composition of a sample is determined by digestion of the sample in Aqua Regia and elemental analysis of the liquid digest. A measure of enrichment of elements in whole rock samples is the Geochemical Abundance Index (GAI) (INAP, 2012). The elemental composition is compared to the average (median) crustal abundance (abundance of elements in Earth's crust as a percentage) to identify which elements in the sample are enriched. This may indicate potential water quality risk, if the elements are leachable, and quantifies the potential reservoir of leachable elements. The GAI for an element is calculated as follows:


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𝐺𝐴𝐼 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 [𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒/(1.5 × 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑏𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)]

3.3.5 Metal Leaching

A leach test is a laboratory extraction method designed to determine the leachability of both organic and inorganic elements present in liquids, soils, and wastes under certain conditions. The solid phase is extracted with an extraction fluid, at a liquid-to-solid ratio specified by the selected method. Following extraction, the liquid extract is separated from the solid phase by filtration and analysed.

As a preliminary screening to identify potential constituents of concern (CoCs), the leachates were compared to the following water quality and effluent standards:

WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality (WHO, 2011);

Namibia drinking water standards (NDWS) (NDWA, 1988); and

IFC Guidelines for Mining Effluents (IFC, 2007).

Use of drinking water guidelines does not suggest that leachates and drainage from the tailings will be used for drinking purposes. Use of these guidelines is purely intended as a preliminary indicator of potential water quality risk.

Table 3-2: Description of leach procedures used for leach tests (MEND, 2009; INAP, 2012).

Method Use in Geochemical Characterization and

Water Quality Prediction

Advantage Limitations

Synthetic Precipitation

Leaching Procedure (SPLP)

United States

Environmental Protection

Agency (US EPA) Method

1312

1:20 solid to solution ratio

Deionized water or dilute

sulphuric/nitric acid to pH

4.2 or 5.0

Also known as the acid

rain leach procedure.

Measures readily soluble

constituents of in-situ

waste material exposed to

rainfall with the

assumption that the

rainfall is slightly acidic.

Provides indication of

short-term leaching

soluble constituents.

Identifies readily

dissolvable constituents.

Provides no information on transient processes

and long-term conditions.

Only simulates short-term interaction.

High liquid to solid ratio may underestimate

leachability.

Grain size reduction may increase reactivity.

Toxicity Characteristic

Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

US EPA Method 1311


Acetic acid/acetate buffer

Intended to simulate a

municipal landfill

containing organic wastes.

This method is used to

determine if waste is

hazardous under the

Resource Conservation

and Recovery Act (RCRA),

which provides applicable

standards.

Use of acetic acid/acetate buffers is not

appropriate for mining applications.

Distilled water


Method based on

Prediction Manual for

Drainage Chemistry from

Sulphidic Geologic

Materials (MEND, 2009)

Used to obtain

information on leaching

behaviour and

characteristics. A

relatively low water to

solids ratio is

recommended if the

objective is to measure

Test protocol is adjusted

based on information

needs and site-specific

conditions.

Provides no information on kinetic reaction rates

and long-term element leaching behaviour.

Only simulates short-term interaction of liquid and

solid.


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Method Use in Geochemical Characterization and

Water Quality Prediction

Advantage Limitations

equilibrium limits in

drainage infiltration

through high WRDs and

deep tailings


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RESULTS 4.

4.1 DATA REVIEW

4.1.1 Climate

The site falls within the less than 100 mm/year rainfall belt (MENDELSOHN ET AL., 2002). Rainfall can vary considerably and can be of great intensity and depth when it occurs. The maximum design rainfall depths for various return periods have been determined using long term stochastic extrapolations based on an observed daily rainfall (Rössing) for the period 1987-2009. The 22 year daily record was extrapolated to a 1000 year rainfall record using a stochastic model developed by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Extreme events (design rainfall depths) were then determined by fitting a gamma distribution function, as this was a best fit to the synthetic rainfall record, and compared well to the observed rainfall data. The resulting rainfall depths per return period are shown in Table 4-1. However, it must be noted that the statistics were calculated prior to the extraordinary rainy season 2010/2011.

Table 4-1: Rainfall depth and return periods (Metago Australia, 2010)

Return periods [years] 10 20 100 10000

Rainfall depths [mm] 9 13 27 50

Historical records for Swakopmund, dating as far back as 1899, indicate an annual average of 14 mm. More recent statistics for Swakopmund indicate the total annual rainfall for 2008 to be 30 mm (http://weather.namsearch.com).

Fog, a form of precipitation, is characteristic of this region. Swakopmund, for instance, has high incidences of fog days of more than 125 days per year (http://209.88.21.36/Atlas/Atlas_web.htm). Fog can extend up to 110 km inland. The annual fog precipitation at Swakopmund was estimated to be 35-45 mm in relation to 20 mm that was measured 40 km inland. Fog is expected to occur at the site in the range between 50 and 90 days per year.

The site falls within the 2100-2240 mm per year evaporation rate zone (MENDELSOHN ET AL., 2002). This indicates that evaporation will significantly exceed rainfall, typical for arid to hyper-arid conditions.

4.1.2 Geological setting

The site is situated within the Southern Central Zone (‘SCZ’) of the Pan-African, Neoproterozoic Damara Orogen. The SCZ forms part of the high temperature – low pressure core of the orogeny and is characterised by numerous exposures of Paleoproterozoic pre-Damaran basement of the Abbabis Metamorphic Complex (AMC) and lower stratigraphic levels of the Damara Sequence (Miller, 2008, Corner, 2008 IN Knupp, 2014)). The regional stratigraphic succession is presented in Error! Reference source not found. while Error! Reference source not found.a) depicts the geological map 1:250k (sheet 2214 Walvis Bay (GSN, 1995)) and Error! Reference source not found.b) the sub outcrop geology based on geophysical interpretation by Knupp (2014). A detailed description of the prevailing geological settings is given in Knupp (2014).

The Nosib Group consists of the Etusis Formation overlain by the Khan Formation made up by basal siliciclastic and highly metamorphosed fine grained floodplain deposits, respectively (Miller 2008 in Knupp, 2014). The Swakop Group overlies the Nosib Group. It consists of the basal calcareous/calc-silicate/siliciclastic Rössing Formation and the overlying glaciogenic Chuos Formation, which is followed by the locally discontinuous schistose/calc-silicate Arandis Formation. Since the glaciogenic Ghaub Formation is absent in the study area, thick shelf carbonates (marbles) of the Karibib Formation commonly directly overlie the Chuos Formation and/or Arandis Formation. The Karibib Formation is finally overlain by the deep-water pelitic Kuiseb Formation.

http://209.88.21.36/Atlas/Atlas_web.htm


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Granitic magma intruded during the course of the Damaran orogeny. The most prominent granite intrusion in the project area is the pre- to syn-tectonic Salem Granite, followed by the subordinate and somewhat younger Red Granite and late to post-tectonic uraniferous Leucogranite (which hosts the uranium deposit) (Knupp, 2014).


17

Table 4-2: Regional stratigraphic succession (after Knupp, 2014)

Nam

ib

Sossus Aeolian sand, surficial deposits

Gobabeb gravels, conglomerates, arenite

Swak

op

Gro

up

Navachab (Khomas) Subgroup

Kuiseb Formation cordierite-biotite-(garnet) schist

Karibib Formation marble calc-silicate

Tinkas Formation* turbidite, carbonate

Ghaub Formation* pelitic to semi-pelitic schist, minor quartzite, conglomerate, carbonate, meta-volcanics

Usakos Subgroup

Arandis Formation marble, calc-silicate, schist

Chuos Formation diamictite, quartzite, iron formation, marble

Ugab Subgroup Rössing Formation marble, pyritic quartzite, calc-silicate, garnet-cordierite-biotite schist

No

sib

Gro

up

Khan Formation banded diopside-K-feldspar gneiss, cordierite gneiss, amphibolite, quartz-biotite schist

Etusis Formation quartzite with magnetite/ilmenite bands, conglomerate, quartz-K-feldspar-sillimanite gneiss

Abbabis Metamorphic Complex quartz-K-feldspar-biotite gneiss, L-S tectonite

4.1.3 Metago (2009)

In 2009 Metago undertook geochemical analysis of samples to assess the potential for acid rock drainage arising from the proposed Rossing South Mine in Namibia. The sampling program conducted during 2009 was focused on material designated for the WRDs and low-grade ore (or SEM) stockpiles. Samples were collected from the Zone 1 and Zone 2 pits. Laboratory analysis performed on the samples included acid base accounting and leach tests (1:20 solid to solution ratio) conducted using extraction solutions with three different pH values to simulate acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions (3-4, 10-11 and natural tailings pH). Eighteen mineral samples were submitted by the Mine to Metago. The results of the ABA tests are shown in Table 4-3. The results of the leach tests are provided in Appendix A. A neutralization potential ratio versus the sulphur content of the waste rock samples is illustrated in Figure 4-1. The results of the analysis can be summarised as follows:

Acid base accounting:

o Majority of the samples are non-acid forming;

o Five of the samples were identified to be potentially acid forming (rock types: alluvium, biotite schist (2 samples), gneiss, and skarn);

o The properties of two of the samples are consistent with material which may likely be PAG (rock types: alaskite and biotite schist); and

o Three of these samples had sulphur contents > 2%;


18

In general, all the leach tests gave similar leach qualities, irrespective of the starting pH used. The results obtained for the leach tests were screened against the water quality guidelines specified in Section 2 and the following was indicated:

o Al, Ca, Fe, Pb and SO4 were identified as constituents that can potentially add to the toxicity of the leachate and could increase potential health impacts;

o The Al concentration in the majority of the samples exceeded the WHO and NDWS values;

o The Ca and SO4 concentrations in the alluvium (RRC325 15-16) sample exceeded the NDWS value;

o For the initial neutral pH extraction in one of the gneiss samples the Fe concentration was twice the NDWG; and

o The leachable Pb concentration in one alaskite sample (RRC344 72-73) exceeded the WHO guideline but remained below the NDWG.


19

Table 4-3: ABA results on samples material designated for the WRD and SEM stockpiles (Metago, 2009)

Sample ID Rock type Visual observations Paste pH NAG pH NAG pH

risk Total S

(%)* NP AP

NNP NP-AP

NNP risk

NPR NP/AP

NPR risk

Final assessment

Sulphide % <3.5

3.5 – 5.5 >5.5

high risk marginal risk

no risk

<-20 -20 – 20

>20


no risk

<1 1 – 3

>4


no risk

RDD19 101-102 alaskite pyrite 2 9.2 5.8 no risk 0.33 35.3 10.3 25 no risk 3.4 uncertain risk Likely PAG

RDD004 155-156 alaskite pyrite 10 8.7 6.2 no risk 0.22 36 6.88 29 no risk 5.2 no risk Non-PAG

RRC293 100-101 alaskite

9.5 7.3 no risk <0.01 93.3 0.31 93 no risk 301.0 no risk Non-PAG


9.5 7.4 no risk 0.02 23.4 0.63 23 no risk 37.1 no risk Non-PAG


9.4 7.1 no risk <0.01 11.2 0.31 11 uncertain risk 36.1 no risk Non-PAG

RRC325 15-16 alluvium

8.4 10.3 no risk 0.91 25.9 28.4 -3 uncertain risk 0.91 high risk PAG

RDD19 91-92 biotite schist pyrite 8 9.7 7.3 no risk 0.12 29 3.75 25 no risk 7.7 no risk Non-PAG

RDD19 99-100 biotite schist pyrite 4 9.2 3.7 uncertain risk 0.59 17.8 18.4 -1 uncertain risk 0.97 high risk PAG

RDD003 94-95 biotite schist

9.6 7 no risk 0.23 23.4 7.19 16 uncertain risk 3.3 uncertain risk Likely PAG

RRC307 119-120 biotite schist pyrite 15 8 1.9 high risk 3.44 13.7 108 -94 high risk 0.13 high risk PAG

RRC350 100-101 biotite schist

9.4 7.7 no risk 0.01 32 0.31 32 no risk 103.2 no risk Non-PAG

RDD004 163-164 gneiss pyrite 13 8.5 2.1 high risk 2.17 10.5 67.8 -57 high risk 0.15 high risk PAG

RDD001 62-63 gneiss

9.1 7.6 no risk 0.02 163 0.63 162 no risk 258.7 no risk Non-PAG

RRC316 100-101 gneiss

9.1 7.3 no risk 0.01 14.6 0.3 14 uncertain risk 48.7 no risk Non-PAG

RRC339 110-111 gneiss

9 7.2 no risk 0.02 22 0.63 21 no risk 34.9 no risk Non-PAG

RDD003 119-120 pegmatite

9.1 7.4 no risk 0.08 22.1 2.5 20 no risk 8.8 no risk Non-PAG

RRC384 100-101 skarn pyrite 0 7.7 1.7 high risk 3.14 9.7 98.1 -88 high risk 0.10 high risk PAG

RRC376 107-108 Unknown

10 10.5 no risk 0.02 928 0.63 927 no risk 1473.0 no risk Non-PAG

Figure 4-1: Neutralization potential ratio versus total S for Husab waste rock samples (Metago, 2009)


20

4.1.4 Metago (2010)

Metago was requested to perform another geochemical investigation in 2010. Six composite waste rock samples, blending different lithologies and compositions were analysed for ABA, sulphur speciation, grain-size, total leachable metal content and leach tests (TCLP and SPLP). The compositions of the composite samples are included in Appendix B. The ratios of the different lithologies used to create the composite samples were not recorded.

To assess the potential effects of grain size on the test results1, each sample was split into two different grain sizes (ground to 80% passing 0.25mm, and stage crushed to 6mm) prior to analysis. The results of the ABA are shown in Table 4-4 and the total leach, TCLP, and SPLP (pH 4.2) leach tests are provided in Appendix C. The results of the investigation can be summarized as follows:

Acid base accounting:

o Two of the composite samples were likely to generate a net acidic leachate quality;

o Five of the six samples showed a predominance of sulphide sulphur compared to total sulphur;

o A clear trend of increasing neutralisation potential with decreasing grain size and thus increasing surface area was observed in all the samples.

Total leachable elements:

o The results showed significant variation in the sulphur concentrations in the waste rock samples, 300 to 15 600 ppm and molybdenum concentrations 1.8 to 124 ppm.

Leach test (TCLP and SPLP):

o The TCLP concentration of sodium (Na) in all the samples exceeded the NDWS (class D) (results for WS003 (Ground to %80 Passing 0.25mm) is considered a typo);

o The results of the TCLP indicated that the concentrations of Al, Ca, Fe, Mn, and U exceeded the respective water quality guidelines (WHO, (2008) and NDWS (class D), (1988));

o The elevated sulphur concentrations found in the total leach determination were only partially leachable by the TCLP; and

o The results of the SPLP leach tests for the composite waste rock samples shows that none of the analysed elements exceeded acceptable NDWS (class D) or effluent standards.

The expected range of grain size for the waste rock material at Husab (200 to 500 mm) is considerable larger than that of the samples. Therefore, it was concluded that the acid generation and neutralisation capacity (and rate) of the material in the WRD is likely to be lower than the test results, which were conducted on samples with smaller grain sizes.

Due to the high total sulphide sulphur contents (>0.3%) of composite waste rock samples WS002 and WS005, acid generation was found likely to be a persistent long-term risk. Kinetic leach tests with waste rock samples of expected particle sizes as well as field plots for kinetic testing under actual site conditions were recommended for future characterisation work.

______________________

1 Grain size is a proxy for the surface area available for interaction with water


21

Table 4-4: ABA results on samples material designated for composite samples (Metago, 2010)

SAMPLE ID S(T) S2- S2- risk S0 S2- +

S0 SO4 C(T)

Paste PH

NP AP NNP

NP -AP NNP risk

NPR NP/AP

NPR risk Final

Assessment

% % % % % % - [kg

Caco3/t] [kg

Caco3/t]

<-20 -20 – 20

>20


no risk

<1 1 – 3

>4

high risk marginal

risk no risk

WS0001 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.08 0.05 low risk <0.01

0.05 0.03 0.85

9.31 42 1.56

40 no risk 26.9 Low risk non-PAG

WS0001 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.08 0.05 9.69 71 71 no risk 45.5 Low risk non-PAG

WS0002 (stage-Crushed to -6mm) 1.52 1.42 high risk 0.14

1.56 <0.01 0.24

8.3 9.8 44.4

-35 High risk 0.22 High risk PAG

WS0002 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 1.52 1.56 8.28 11 -33 Low risk 0.25 High risk PAG

WS0003 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.28 <0.01 low risk 0.03

0.03 0.25 1.21

8.17 44 <0.3

44 no risk 147 Low risk non-PAG

WS0003 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.28 0.03 8.61 90 90 no risk 300 Low risk non-PAG

WS0004 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.03 0.03 low risk <0.01

0.03 <0.01 0.13

9.35 4.9 0.94

3.96 uncertain risk 5.21 Low risk non-PAG

WS0004 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.03 0.03 9.79 15 14.06 uncertain risk 16.0 Low risk non-PAG

WS0005 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.51 0.4 high risk 0.06

0.46 0.05 0.21

9.22 16 10.4

5.60 High risk 1.54 High risk PAG

WS0005 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.51 0.46 9.32 20 9.60 High risk 1.92 High risk PAG

WS0006 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.13 0.03 low risk 0.07

0.1 0.03 0.93

9.28 40 <0.2

40 no risk 200 Low risk non-PAG

WS0006 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.13 0.1 9.59 84 84 no risk 420 Low risk non-PAG

Figure 4-2: Neutralization potential ratio versus total S for Husab waste rock samples (Metago, 2010)


22

Figure 4-3: Estimated particle size distribution for Husab waste rock (Metago, 2010)


23

4.2 SAMPLING

The sampling and analysis plan is presented in Appendix D. A report was prepared by Husab mine to provide information on the sampling and sample preparation (Neumbo and Louw, 2017). This report is presented in Appendix E.

4.2.1 Waste Rock

Samples were collected from pit Zone 1 and Zone 2. Seven samples were collected from each pit. Four individual waste rock samples were collected from the Chuos Formation, eight samples from the Rössing Formation and two from an intrusive alaskite. The 14 samples were collected from freshly exposed lithologies in Zone 1 and Zone 2 and represent the material to be placed on the WRD and SEM stockpiles. Sample locations are shown in the report prepared by Husab in Appendix E. The sample names and rock descriptions are shown in Table 4-5. The locations of the samples are indicated in Figure 4-4.

Table 4-5: Sample locations, formation, rock name and description (adapted from Neumbo and Louw, 2017)

No Sample ID Formation Rock name Rock description

ZONE 1

1 Zone 1-1 Rossing Quartzite Grey in colour, fine-grained, hard, non-foliated. Smoky & milky quartz

2 Zone 1-2 Rossing Calcsilicate Greenish, fine-grained. diopside, quartz

3 Zone 1-3 Rossing Gneiss Banded, fine-grained, dark grey. Weakly foliated. Rich in cordierite and pyroxenes.

4 Zone 1-4 Rossing Schist Brown, medium-grained, foliated, slightly weathered. Quartz and biotite

5 Zone 1-5 Rossing Alaskite Granitic rock, coarse-grained, beige . Feldspar, biotite with smoky quartz

6 Zone 1-6 Chuos Mixtite Grey, fine-grained, weakly foliated. Sub-rounded clasts intruded by a pink pegmatite

7 Zone 1-7 Chuos Migmatite Grey, fine grained. Granitic gneiss with no foliation. Sulphides present.

ZONE 2

1 Zone 2-1 Chuos Mixtite Grey, weakly foliated. Sub-rounded clasts intruded by a pink to grey pegmatite

2 Zone 2-2 Chuos Diamictite Grey, weakly-foliated, silicious clasts in a biotite matric

3 Zone 2-2 Rossing Quartzite Grey and beige, no foliation, equigranular. Smoky & milky quartz

4 Zone 2-3 Rossing Schist Dark grey, strongly foliated, dominated by flaky biotite and quartz with a strong fabric. Moderate sulphides. Partial fizz with acid

5 Zone 2-4 Rossing Gneiss Dark green to grey. Strongly foliated. Rich in cordierite and pyroxenes. Slightly weathered.

6 Zone 2-5 Rossing Migmatite Green and grey with some red staining due to oxidation. Granitic gneissic texture but with no pronounced foliation. Rich in sulphides.

7 Zone 2-6 Rossing Alaskite Grey and pink. Slightly weathered. White coating with strong fizz with acid. Medium grained. Quartz and feldspar dominant with minor biotite

4.2.2 Semi Economical Material (SEM)

Ten samples of different rock types were collected from the two SEM stockpiles from the two pits. Five samples were collected from each pit. The same rock types were collected from the two SEM stockpiles for Zone 1 and 2. All samples were crushed and homogenised using a riffle splitter, then milled and carefully weighed in equal proportions to create a composite sample that is representative of the SEM stockpiles (Neumbo and Louw, 2017).


24

Figure 4-4: Geochemical sample locations


25


4.3.1 Mineralogy – X-Ray Diffraction

The crystalline mineralogy determined by XRD of the mineral samples is presented in Table 4-6 with the lithology displayed in Figure 4-5. The analytical certificate is provided in Appendix F. The results indicate the following:

Tectosilicates (quartz, enstatite, plagioclase, microcline, augite, actinolite) are the main component of the mineralogy, making up 57% (in the case of migmatite and calcsilicate) to 99% (quartzite) of the total in all samples. Tectosilicates generally have a low influence on water quality since they react slowly.

Phyllosilicates (mica, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite) comprise up to 35% of the minerals in the samples. They form <2% of the quartzite and alaskite lithologies. Phyllosilicates can be significant in terms of water quality since they are able to adsorb ions from water. Usually, these are cations from trace elements such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, Pb, Zn, etc. Adsorption can remove trace elements from contaminated water. However, a change in water chemistry may also release sorbed ions back into solution.

Carbonates (calcite and dolomite) are present in all samples, with the most in the calcsilicate (25%). Carbonates are significant to mine water quality since they dissolve/precipitate rapidly and can control pH, especially if they neutralise acid drainage.

Sulphides (pyrite) were detected in 7 out of 17 samples at concentrations ranging from 0.3% to about 4%. The lowest concentration was 0.3% in the calcsilicate and the highest of about 4% was found in the migmatite Zone 2-6. Oxidation of sulphide minerals is the source of acid drainage in mine environments and the occurrence of pyrite in the samples is generally consistent with the PAG determinations from the ABA results. The exception is the calcsilicate sample, in which the acid potential associated with the minor pyrite concentration is far exceeded by the neutralisation potential of the carbonates.

The calcsilicate is a potential resource of neutralisation potential to manage acid drainage potential from PAG lithologies at Husab.


26

Table 4-6: Crystalline mineralogy determined by XRD

Group Chemical formula Mineral quartzite quartzite calcsilicate gneiss gneiss schist schist alaskite alaskite mixtite mixtite diamictite migmatite migmatite SEM SEM SEM

Zone 1-1 Zone 2-3 Zone 1-2 Zone 1-3 Zone 2-5 Zone 1-4 Zone 2-4 Zone 1-5 Zone 2-7 Zone 1-6 Zone 2-1 Zone 2-2 Zone 1-7 Zone 2-6 Zone 1 - SEM Zone 2 - SEM Comp Zone 1+2

Tectosilicates

SiO2 Quartz 74.95 88.82 10.54 75.18 39.58 55.47 44.28 62.31 70.86 72.61 55.88 74.19 71.64 28.36 59.38 69.11 68.11

(Mg,Fe)SiO3 Enstatite 0.17 0.6 4.49 0.45 1.76 1.12 1.33 0.42 0.39 0.26 0.96 0.31 0.8 1.47 0.36 1.8 0.57

(Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8 Plagioclase 1.38 3.13 17.16 4.52 16.71 16.76 12.2 5.35 21.55 14.32 19.21 8.05 13.51 15.37 24.52 13.82 15.77

K Al Si3 O8 Microcline 7.96 4.07 13.11 11.45 13.36 3.65 12.13 23.18 1.05 1.06 2.16 2.01 3.2 10.06 8.43 6.08 10.06

(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6 Augite 3.74 0 10.79 0 0 0 2.81 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 2.86 1.58 0

Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 Actinolite 10.91 0.1 0.45 0.16 0.59 0.11 0.75 0.3 0.2 0.19 0.15 0.07 0.07 0.38 0.17 0.12 0.15

Phyllosilicates

KFe++2Al(Al2Si2)O10(F,OH)2 Siderophyllite (Mica) 0.34 0.92 10.53 8 16.29 17.15 14.7 0.83 0 9.95 8.14 9.54 8.98 27.93 3.13 3.04 2.42

(Na,Ca)0,3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2•n(H2O) Smectite 0 0 4.98 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.93 0.04 0 0.05 0 0 0

Al2 Si2 O5 (OH)4 Kaolinite 0.18 0.73 0.37 0.2 2.13 0.15 2.46 0.3 0.17 0.05 1.16 0.15 0.09 1.2 0.2 0.76 0.49

(Mg,Fe)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 Chlorite 0 0 2.47 0 3.47 3.84 2.33 0 0 1.54 9.35 3.63 0.52 6.25 0 0 1.89

Carbonates CaCO3 Calcite 0.38 0.05 22.91 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.17 0.08 0.1 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.12 0.13 0.06 0.04

CaMg(CO3)2 Dolomite 0 1.58 1.9 0 3.47 0 3.9 7.23 2.31 0 1.31 1.99 1.15 4.19 0.83 2 0.5

Sulphides FeS2 Pyrite 0 0 0.28 0 2.57 1.7 2.94 0 0 0 0.7 0 0 3.71 0 1.63 0

Figure 4-5: Crystalline mineralogy determined by XRD


27

4.3.2 Acid base accounting

The classification of each material in terms of its potential to generate acid is based on the criteria shown in Table 4-7. The ABA results for the mineral material are presented in Table 4-8. The analytical certificates for the analysis are provided in Appendix F.

Table 4-7: Acid Mine Drainage Classification (US EPA 1994; Price 2009; Fey 2003)

Parameter Potentially Acid

Generating (PAG) Uncertain/Marginal

Non-Potentially Acid Generating (non-PAG)

Reference

Paste pH <5.5 >5.5

NPR <1 [a]

1 to 2 = Possibly

2 to 4 = Low

[b]1 to 3 = inconclusive

>4 [a]

Price et al., 1997

[b]Soregaroli and

Lawrence, 1998

Sulphide % > 0.3% - < 0.3% Soregaroli and Lawrence, 1998

The ABA results show the following:

Paste pH of the samples ranged from 7.1 to 9.5. This indicates that the materials tested are not prone to short term acidity. In fact, they have short-term leachable alkalinity.

Total sulphur concentration ranged from below the detection limit (<0.01) to 3.1%.

Sulphide sulphur (sulphide-S) content ranged from below the detection limit (<0.01) to 2.8%. The similarity between total and sulphide sulphur concentrations indicates little oxidation of sulphide minerals.

Six of the samples tested have sulphide-S concentrations that exceed 0.3%.

The NPR ranges from 0.04 to 1 267. The majority of the samples have NPR significantly above two, which implies the material has sufficient neutralising potential to offset the low acid potential.

The acid drainage classifications of the materials are shown in Table 4-8.


28

Table 4-8: acid-base accounting (Modified Sobek (EPA-600) and sulphur speciation (Pyrolysis) results for waste rock and SEM samples

Sample ID Lithology Paste

pH S(T) S2- S2- risk AP NP

NPR NP/AP

NPR risk Final

Assessment

% % [kg CaCO3/t] [kg CaCO3/t] <1

1 – 3 >4


no risk

Zone 1-1 quartzite 8.8 <0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 50 160 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 1-2 calcsilicate 8.7 <0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 198 634 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 1-3 gneiss 9.3 0.07 0.03 low risk 0.9 5.06 5.4 no risk Likely PAG

Zone 1-4 schist 8.4 1.34 1.23 high risk 38.4 6.88 0.2 high risk PAG

Zone 1-5 alaskite 9.2 <0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 4.67 14.9 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 1-6 mixtite 9.5 <0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 11 35.2 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 1-7 migmatite 9.4 0.04 <0.01 low risk 0.2 9.33 29.9 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 2-1 mixtite 9 1.16 0.88 high risk 27.5 15 0.5 PAG

Zone 2-2 diamictite 9 0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 14 44.8 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 2-2 diamictite 9 0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 13 41.6 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 2-3 quartzite 8.8 <0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 3.2 10.2 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 2-4 schist 7.1 2.5 2.22 high risk 69.4 2.61 0.038 high risk PAG

Zone 2-5 gneiss 8.3 1.8 1.51 high risk 47.2 9.33 0.2 high risk PAG

Zone 2-6 migmatite 7.9 3.1 2.78 high risk 86.9 5.65 0.1 high risk PAG

Zone 2-7 alaskite 9.3 <0.01 <0.01 low risk 0.2 5.89 18.8 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 1 – SEM

pulverised 8.5 0.44 0.19 low risk 5.9 32 5.4 no risk Non-PAG

Zone 2 – SEM

pulverised 8.2 1.17 0.95 high risk 29.7 4.68 0.2 high risk PAG

Composite – SEM

Zone 1+2 9 0.09 0.02 low risk 0.6 9.08 14.5 no risk Non-PAG

Note: Green: Samples are Non-PAG; Orange: PAG is uncertain or marginal; Red: Samples are PAG


29

4.3.3 Total element concentrations

The analytical certificate for the analysis is provided in Appendix F.

A measure of enrichment of elements in whole rock samples is the GAI (INAP, 2012. As a general guide, a GAI of 3 or more is considered significant and indicates that enrichment may have occurred and thus further examination may be required (INAP, 2009). The total concentrations of trace elements were compared to the average (median) crustal abundance (Fortescue, 1992). Where values were below the detection limit, half the detection limit was used.

Figure 4-6: Sample abundance in relation to average crustal abundance

The only trace elements with GAI greater than three in the Aqua Regia digest are bismuth (Bi) and selenium (Se). The results suggest that Bi (quartzite), and Se (schist and alaskite) may be leachable in significant concentrations and could lead to water quality risk. This was further assessed from leach tests as discussed in the following section.

4.3.4 Leaching Potential

The leach test results for the mineral samples are presented in Table 4-10. The analytical certificate is provided in Appendix F. The following points summarise key aspects of the results:


30

The pH of the leachates are all significantly higher than pH 7. This indicates the presence of leachable alkalinity in the samples, which is consistent with the common occurrence of carbonate minerals in the samples.

As expected, the TDS of the 1:20 leachates is significantly less than the TDS of the 1:4 leachates. However, given the five times difference in solid:solution ratio, the TDS4:1/TDS20:1 ratio varies from 0.9 to 21 with a mean of 5.7. This suggests that mineral dissolution/precipitation, rather than liquid:solid ratio alone, affects the concentrations of parameters that contribute significantly to TDS (Ca, Mg, Na, K, alkalinity, Cl, SO4).

Aluminium and iron concentrations are generally higher than chemically realistic at the measured pH. This suggests that unfiltered mineral matter may have been included in the analysis. Therefore, the dissolved Al and Fe concentrations may be over reported.

The highest sulphate (SO4) concentrations were generally obtained in the samples categorised as PAG (Zone 1-4, Zone 2-4, Zone 2-5, Zone 2-6). While, this suggests that some acidity can be leached in the short-term, the alkaline pH values indicate this is offset by leachable alkalinity.

The leach results were compared to the water quality guidelines as shown in Section 2. The exceedances of the WHO, IFC and NDWS are summarized in Table 4-9.

Table 4-9: Exceedances of water quality guideline values for 1:4 and 1:20 (solid:solution) leach results

Solid: solution extraction ratio

Water quality guideline

Al F Fe Hg Mn pH

1:4 WHO 4 6 none 1 1 none

IFC none none none 5 none 2

NDWS 6 none 4 none none none

1:20 WHO 12

None None none None

none

IFC none 1

NDWS 3 none

If Al and Fe exceedances are discounted, Table 4-10 indicates that high solid:solution ratios (eg. 1:4) are associated with exceedances of water quality guidelines. Lower dilutions (eg. 1:20) do not appear to result in guideline exceedances.

While, the total elemental concentration results suggest that Bi and Se may be water quality risks, the leachable concentrations of Bi and Se were below the respective detection limits in all samples at both solid:solution ratios.


31

Table 4-10: Distilled water leach results (1:20 and 1:4 solid to solution ratio)

SAMPLE Lithology Ratio of

extraction solution

Ag Al As Ba Be Bi Ca Cd Cl Co Cr Cu EC F Fe Ga Hg K Mg

Unit mg/L mg/l mg/l mg/L mg/L mg/l mg/l mg/L mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mS/m mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/l

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines NA 0.2 0.01 0.7 NA NA 0.003 NA NA 0.05 2 NA 1.5 NA 0.006 NA NA

IFC EHS Mining guidelines 2007 NA NA 0.1 NA NA NA 0.05 NA NA NA 0.3 NA NA 2 0.002 NA NA

Group D - Unsuitable NA 1 0.6 2 NA 400 0.04 1300 NA 0.4 2 400 3 2 NA 800 200

Zone 1-1 quartzite 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.010 0.035 <0.025 <0.001 11 <0.003 39 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 40.1 <0.2 <0.025 0.001 <0.001 14.7 1

Zone 1-2 calcsilicate 4 <0.025 0.11 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 6 <0.003 225 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 116.0 0.4 0.1 <0.001 <0.001 14.7 2

Zone 1-3 gneiss 4 <0.025 0.66 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 3 <0.003 12 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 21.4 0.5 0.6 0.001 0.005 9.5 <1

Zone 1-4 schist 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 44 <0.003 38 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 64.8 1.2 <0.025 <0.001 0.002 13.3 3

Zone 1-5 alaskite 4 <0.025 0.46 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 15 <0.003 19 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 27.6 0.4 0.2 <0.001 <0.001 10.1 1

Zone 1-6 mixtite 4 <0.025 11.0 <0.010 0.123 <0.025 <0.001 9 <0.003 20 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 34.2 2.1 12.0 0.006 <0.001 10.4 10

Zone 1-7 migmatite 4 <0.025 4.08 <0.010 0.046 <0.025 <0.001 4 <0.003 12 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 23.2 0.4 4.4 0.003 <0.001 9.7 4

Zone 2-1 mixtite 4 <0.025 5.07 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 6 <0.003 18 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 26.1 2.7 7.4 0.003 0.002 5.6 4

Zone 2-2 diamictite 4 <0.025 6.06 <0.010 0.056 <0.025 <0.001 10 <0.003 9 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 14.0 1.3 6.9 0.005 <0.001 9.6 4

Zone 2-3 quartzite 4 <0.025 1.99 <0.010 0.025 <0.025 <0.001 7 <0.003 8 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 9.0 0.3 1.8 0.003 <0.001 4.2 <1

Zone 2-4 schist 4 <0.025 0.13 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 1 <0.003 13 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 34.7 1.5 0.1 <0.001 0.008 3.0 <1

Zone 2-5 gneiss 4 <0.025 0.51 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 9 <0.003 19 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 47.3 1.9 0.2 <0.001 0.004 6.1 2

Zone 2-6 migmatite 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 8 <0.003 16 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 45.4 1.1 <0.025 <0.001 0.002 9.5 2

Zone 2-7 alaskite 4 <0.025 1.63 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 1 <0.003 22 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 34.8 0.9 0.8 0.001 <0.001 4.9 <1

Zone 2 - SEM pulverised 4 <0.025 0.21 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 15 <0.003 19 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 54.8 2.7 0.0 <0.001 <0.001 39.0 3

Zone 1 - SEM pulverised 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 31 <0.003 45 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 76.4 1.7 0.0 <0.001 <0.001 58.0 6

Composite SEM Zone1+2 20 <0.025 0.97 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 5 <0.003 4 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 13.5 0.4 0.2 nd <0.001 15.8 <1

Zone 1-1 quartzite 20 <0.025 0.14 <0.010 0.038 <0.025 nd 7 <0.003 9 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 11.4 <0.2 <0.025 nd <0.001 4.3 <1

Zone 1-2 calcsilicate 20 <0.025 <0.100 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 3 <0.003 41 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 33.4 0.2 <0.025 nd <0.001 6.0 <1

Zone 1-3 gneiss 20 <0.025 0.67 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 4 <0.003 2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 7.5 <0.2 0.2 nd <0.001 3.9 <1

Zone 1-4 schist 20 <0.025 0.63 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 12 <0.003 8 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 15.8 0.4 0.5 nd <0.001 4.1 <1

Zone 1-5 alaskite 20 <0.025 0.45 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 8 <0.003 4 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 8.1 0.3 0.1 nd <0.001 3.0 <1

Zone 1-6 mixtite 20 <0.025 0.96 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 3 <0.003 2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 10.3 0.5 0.3 nd <0.001 3.7 <1

Zone 1-7 migmatite 20 <0.025 0.67 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 3 <0.003 2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 7.3 <0.2 0.2 nd <0.001 4.2 <1

Zone 2-1 mixtite 20 <0.025 0.59 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 3 <0.003 2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 9.4 0.8 0.1 nd <0.001 3.0 <1

Zone 2-2 diamictite 20 <0.025 0.60 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 5 <0.003 <2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 6.5 0.4 0.1 nd <0.001 3.3 <1

Zone 2-3 quartzite 20 <0.025 1.20 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 5 <0.003 <2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 4.3 <0.2 0.3 nd <0.001 1.8 <1

Zone 2-4 schist 20 <0.025 0.58 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd <1 <0.003 4 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 7.7 0.8 0.3 nd <0.001 0.7 <1

Zone 2-5 gneiss 20 <0.025 0.84 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 5 <0.003 5 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 14.0 0.4 0.2 nd <0.001 2.7 <1

Zone 2-6 migmatite 20 <0.025 1.85 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 1 <0.003 4 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 10.7 0.3 1.4 nd <0.001 3.3 <1

Zone 2-7 alaskite 20 <0.025 0.97 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 2 <0.003 4 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 11.6 0.1 0.2 nd <0.001 3.6 <1

Zone 1 - SEM pulverised 20 <0.025 2.28 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 4 <0.003 5 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 16.7 0.5 0.8 nd <0.001 22.6 <1

Zone 2 - SEM pulverised 20 <0.025 0.31 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 nd 6 <0.003 4 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 11.2 0.4 <0.025 nd <0.001 7.5 <1

Minimum <0.025 <0.100 <0.010 <0.025 <0.025 <0.001 1 <0.003 <2 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 4.3 <0.2 <0.025 <0.001 0.002 0.7 <1

Maximum <0.025 11.0 <0.010 0.123 <0.025 <0.001 44 <0.003 225 <0.025 <0.025 <0.010 116.0 2.7 12.0 0.006 0.008 58.0 10

Note: nd: not determined. Shaded values indicate exceedances of water quality guidelines: Purple: Value exceeds WHO; Orange: Value exceeds IFC; Red: Value exceeds NDWS


32

SAMPLE Lithology Ratio of

extraction solution

Mn Mo Na Ni NO3 as N Pb pH Rb Sb Se Sr Ti Tl U V SO4 TDS Zn

Unit mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l - mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/l mg/L mg/L mg/l mg/L mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines 0.4 NA NA 0.07 50 0.01 6.5-9.5 NA 0.02 0.04 NA NA 0.03 NA NA NA NA

IFC EHS Mining guidelines 2007 NA NA NA 0.5 NA 0.2 6-9 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.5

Group D - Unsuitable 2 NA 800 1 40 0.2 4-11 NA 0.2 0.1 NA 0.02 8 1 1200 NA 10

Zone 1-1 quartzite 4 <0.025 <0.025 50 <0.025 0.3 nd 8.1 0.009 <0.020 <0.010 0.100 <0.001 nd 0.002 <0.025 87 230 <0.025

Zone 1-2 calcsilicate 4 <0.025 <0.025 197 <0.025 8.6 nd 8.5 <0.001 <0.020 <0.010 0.063 <0.001 nd 0.003 <0.025 116 620 <0.025

Zone 1-3 gneiss 4 <0.025 <0.025 31 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.2 0.006 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 <0.001 nd 0.001 <0.025 30 130 <0.025

Zone 1-4 schist 4 0.038 <0.025 62 <0.025 <0.1 nd 7.8 0.011 <0.020 <0.010 0.073 <0.001 nd 0.002 <0.025 208 388 <0.025

Zone 1-5 alaskite 4 <0.025 <0.025 25 <0.025 <0.1 nd 7.7 0.008 <0.020 <0.010 0.034 <0.001 nd 0.009 <0.025 70 162 <0.025

Zone 1-6 mixtite 4 0.468 <0.025 63 <0.025 <0.1 nd 9.2 0.049 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 <0.001 nd 0.041 <0.025 56 229 0.07

Zone 1-7 migmatite 4 0.136 <0.025 37 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.7 0.024 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 <0.001 nd 0.002 <0.025 34 155 <0.025

Zone 2-1 mixtite 4 0.128 0.029 48 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.6 0.018 <0.020 <0.010 0.028 <0.001 nd 0.003 <0.025 43 175 <0.025

Zone 2-2 diamictite 4 0.266 <0.025 18 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.7 0.039 <0.020 <0.010 0.033 <0.001 nd 0.019 <0.025 13 94 <0.025

Zone 2-3 quartzite 4 0.150 <0.025 10 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.4 0.025 <0.020 <0.010 0.032 <0.001 nd 0.054 <0.025 7 60 <0.025

Zone 2-4 schist 4 <0.025 0.077 55 <0.025 <0.1 nd 7.1 0.001 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 <0.001 nd <0.001 <0.025 123 210 <0.025

Zone 2-5 gneiss 4 <0.025 0.541 75 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.3 0.003 <0.020 <0.010 0.030 <0.001 nd 0.001 <0.025 117 340 <0.025

Zone 2-6 migmatite 4 <0.025 <0.025 69 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8.1 0.006 <0.020 <0.010 0.040 <0.001 nd <0.001 <0.025 131 306 <0.025

Zone 2-7 alaskite 4 0.038 0.032 64 <0.025 0.3 nd 9.2 0.005 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 <0.001 nd 0.022 0.027 31 326 <0.025

Zone 1 - SEM pulverised 4 <0.025 0.032 62 <0.025 0.5 nd 7.9 0.093 <0.020 <0.010 0.109 <0.001 nd 0.002 <0.025 215 506 <0.025

Zone 2 - SEM pulverised 4 <0.025 0.062 55 <0.025 <0.1 nd 8 0.067 <0.020 <0.010 0.046 <0.001 nd <0.001 <0.025 146 364 <0.025

Composite SEM Zone1+2 20 <0.025 <0.025 9 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 8.4 0.042 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.002 <0.025 9 68 <0.025

Zone 1-1 quartzite 20 <0.025 <0.025 11 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.7 0.005 <0.020 <0.010 0.045 nd <0.001 0.001 <0.025 18 30 <0.025

Zone 1-2 calcsilicate 20 <0.025 <0.025 57 <0.025 1.6 <0.010 8.9 <0.001 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 23 138 <0.025

Zone 1-3 gneiss 20 <0.025 <0.025 7 <0.025 0.1 <0.010 7.9 0.006 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 4 42 <0.025

Zone 1-4 schist 20 <0.025 <0.025 14 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.5 0.009 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 41 70 <0.025

Zone 1-5 alaskite 20 <0.025 <0.025 6 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.5 0.004 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.002 <0.025 14 24 <0.025

Zone 1-6 mixtite 20 <0.025 <0.025 15 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.7 0.006 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.002 <0.025 10 66 <0.025

Zone 1-7 migmatite 20 <0.025 <0.025 8 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.5 0.003 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 5 22 <0.025

Zone 2-1 mixtite 20 <0.025 <0.025 12 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.9 0.005 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 3 48 <0.025

Zone 2-2 diamictite 20 <0.025 <0.025 4 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 8.1 0.007 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 <2 30 <0.025

Zone 2-3 quartzite 20 <0.025 <0.025 2 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.3 0.008 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.003 <0.025 <2 32 <0.025

Zone 2-4 schist 20 <0.025 0.038 12 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 6.8 <0.001 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 21 56 <0.025

Zone 2-5 gneiss 20 <0.025 0.109 21 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.9 0.003 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 20 66 <0.025

Zone 2-6 migmatite 20 <0.025 <0.025 16 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 7.2 0.011 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 <0.001 <0.025 25 74 <0.025

Zone 2-7 alaskite 20 <0.025 <0.025 20 <0.025 0.1 <0.010 8.8 0.003 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.003 <0.025 3 116 <0.025

Zone 1 - SEM pulverised 20 <0.025 <0.025 9 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 9 0.081 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.002 <0.025 8 80 <0.025

Zone 2 - SEM pulverised 20 <0.025 <0.025 8 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 8.8 0.017 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 nd <0.001 0.002 <0.025 7 46 <0.025

Minimum <0.025 <0.025 2 <0.025 <0.1 <0.010 6.8 <0.001 <0.020 <0.010 <0.025 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 <0.025 3 22 <0.025

Maximum 0.468 0.541 197 <0.025 8.6 <0.010 9.2 0.093 <0.020 <0.010 0.109 <0.001 <0.001 0.054 0.027 215 620 0.07

Note: nd: not determined. Shaded values indicate exceedances of water quality guidelines: Purple: Value exceeds WHO; Orange: Value exceeds IFC; Red: Value exceeds NDWS


33

DISCUSSION 5.

5.1 SAMPLE REPRESENTATIVENESS

The selection of the major lithologies to be placed on the WRD and SEM piles was based on communication with specialists on site. Four individual samples were collected from the Chuos Formation (mixtite, migmatite, diamictite), eight samples from the Rössing Formation (quartzite, calcsilicate, gneiss, schist, migmatite) and two from an intrusive alaskite. The 14 samples collected are from freshly-exposed lithologies in Zone 1 and Zone 2 that represent the material on the WRD and SEM piles.

Suggestions regarding the initial sampling frequency based on tonnage of disturbed rock when sampling a geologic unit as per the MEND guide are summarised in Table 5-1. This is an initial starting point and does not indicate absolute sample numbers. The total tonnage of material that may be placed on the WRD and SEM stockpiles exceeds 1.6 billion tons (SLR sampling protocol, 2018). The total number of samples which have been geochemically characterised to date includes 18 lithology samples, (Metago, 2009), six composite samples (Metago, 2010) and 18 lithology samples during the current assessment. Therefore, a total of 36 lithology specific samples and six composite samples have been assessed to date. This number cannot be regarded as statistically representative of the lithology compositions and is less than suggested in the guidelines provided by the MEND guide.

Table 5-1: Suggested initial sampling frequency (MEND, 2009)

Tonnage of Unit Minimum number of samples

<10 000 3

<100 000 8

<1 000 000 26

<10 000 000 80

While the Husab geochemical results are not statistically representative of the mining-disturbed geology, they do provide a starting point for the assessment of potential water quality risks.

5.2 COMPARISON WITH PREVIOUS GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS

5.2.1 Acid Base Accounting

The ABA results suggest that the Husab lithologies are generally characterised by a low neutralisation potential, in spite of the widespread occurrence of carbonate minerals. Therefore, a modest amount of reduced sulphur (in the form of pyrite) in the lithology is potentially sufficient to produce acid drainage. The NPR is plotted against the total S content in Figure 5-1 and includes all the ABA data collected by Metago (2009 and 2010) and this investigation. The figure illustrates that there is a large variation in acid potential, even in the same lithology. Based on sample descriptions, acid potential appears to be associated with the presence of visible pyrite in the mineral material. However, this may be a sampling bias.

In this investigation, all lithologies with detectable pyrite also had a low neutralisation potential, resulting in a PAG classification. The exception to this was the calcsilicate, which has an excess of neutralisation potential.


34

The excess neutralisation potential of the calcsilicate can be used to mitigate acid drainage in other lithologies. In the case of the WRD and SEMs, a base layer of calcsilicate would provide a buffer to drainage from the interior of the piles. Should this drainage be acidic, the excess NP in the calcsilicate layer would counteract, and potentially raise the pH of the drainage.

Figure 5-1: Neutralisation potential ratio versus total S for Husab waste rock samples

Table 5-2 presents the range of NPR values calculated per lithology for all available information. The results suggest there is a great range in composition of the samples. Even for alaskite and schist where seven samples have been analysed, the range exceeds 100 for NPR.

Table 5-2: Minimum, average and maximum NPR values per lithology

Sample reference used in report

Number of samples Minimum NPR Average NPR Maximum NPR NPR range

alaskite 7 3.40 59.5 301 298

alluvium 1

0.9

calcsilicate 1

634

Composite 15 0.2 97.0 420 420

diamictite 2 41.6

44.8 3.20

gneiss 6 0.20 58.0 259 259

migmatite 2 0.07

29.9 29.8


35

Sample reference used in report

Number of samples Minimum NPR Average NPR Maximum NPR NPR range

mixtite 2 0.55

35.2 34.7

pegmatite 1

8.8

quartzite 2 10.2

160 150

schist 7 0.1 23.1 103 103

skarn 1

0.1

Unknown 1

1473

5.2.2 Total Elemental Concentrations

Total leachable elements enriched in the samples assessed in this assessment included Bi and Se. When compared to the results in Metago (2010) the following is observed:

Concentration of Bi for this study was generally below the reporting limit with the exception of one quartzite sample, which had a concentration of 4.8 mg/kg. The Bi concentration for analysis conducted on composite samples in 2010 (Metago) was above the reporting limit but never exceeded 1 mg/kg;

The Se concentration was found to be enriched in three of the samples (Zone 2-4 – schist; Zone 2-7 – alaskite and Zone 1+2 – Composite SEM) assessed in this study. Total leachable Se concentrations were below the detection limit for all the samples assessed during 2010 (Metago).

These elemental enrichments were not found to influence the concentrations of Bi and Se in sample leachates. Therefore, the elemental enrichments are not considered to constitute a water quality risk. However, the elemental concentrations do indicate the potential size of elemental “reservoirs”. These can be used to estimate the significance of elemental leaching on water quality once element release rates have been determined from kinetic testing.

5.2.3 Leaching Potential

For this investigation Al, F, Fe, Hg, Mn and pH were identified as constituents of interest when compared to the WHO and Namibian drinking water standards and the IFC effluent standards. Extractions were carried out using a 1:20 and a 1:4 (solid to solution) ratio with distilled water.

The elevated Al and Fe concentrations may be associated with particulate matter that was not filtered after leaching. The elevated F, Hg (six samples), and Mn (one sample) concentrations noted in the 1:4 ratio leachates may have a potential impact on the water quality. Fluoride is generally controlled by sorption or precipitation of the fluorite mineral. Mercury in the water may revolatilize, deposit on sediments and be taken up by aquatic biota (Kabata-Pendias, 2007). It should be noted however that the exceedances of the water quality guidelines for F, Hg and Mn were only observed in the 1:4 ratio and not the 1:20 extraction ratio.

The Husab mine is located in a hyper-arid climate. Rainfall can vary greatly in terms of intensity and depth and is associated with sporadic rainfall events. The volume of drainage that may occur at Husab suggests that the solid to solution ratio of any seepage in the field will be very different to the values used to assess the leaching potential in the laboratory.


36

5.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS

The following assumptions and limitations are pertinent to the investigation:

The sampling of the mineral material was done by the client.

The SEM Composite samples were prepared by the client.

This interpretation assumes that the analysis results are derived from testing of samples representative of the mineral material to be stored on the WRD and SEM stockpiles.

Leach test: Rates of reaction (kinetics) are not necessarily accounted for, particularly for slow reactions which take in excess of a few hours.


37

CONCLUSION 6.

The objective of this investigation was to interpret the results of geochemical test work of mineral material to be stored on the WRD and SEM piles.

Test programs for the acid generating potential, total elemental concentrations, and leachable concentrations were conducted on samples of the mineral material to be stored on the WRD and the SEM piles. With reference to the objectives of this study in Section 1.1 of this report, the following conclusions apply:

To determine if the WRD and SEM pile material are potentially acid generating: o The majority of the samples analysed were classified as non-PAG (non-Potentially Acid

Generating);

o Some of the mineral material analysed are potentially acid generating including the following:

Schist (2 samples);

Mixtite;

Gneiss;

Migmatite; and

Zone 2 – SEM.

o The geological environment can be described as having a predominantly low NP;

o Based on the change of pH in the leach tests, the NP (Neutralisation Potential) of the Husab lithologies can be leached over the short term ;

o Acid potential appears to be associated with the presence of pyrite, except for calcsilicate, which has an excess of neutralisation potential;

o The calcsilicate can be used as a resource of NP: if used as a base layer for the WRD and SEM piles it can mitigate possible acid drainage at the source.

To assess the potential risk to water resources:

o The drainage emanating from the WRD and SEM piles may be acidic, if the acid potential of the pyrite-bearing rock exceeds the available NP and the sporadic rainfall of the area results in drainage from the piles;

o The concentrations of F and Hg in pile drainage may pose a water quality risk;

o Drainage quality is reliantto a significant degree on the solid to solution (rock to rainfall infiltration) ratio within the WRD and SEM piles;


o Based on the findings of this report it has been established that the WRD and SEM stockpiles may present a source of water quality impact. Whether the receptor is impacted by this source can only be determined when it has been established if a pathway from the source to the receptor exists. Therefore, it is concluded that a source-pathway-receptor assessment is required to assess whether numerical modelling of downstream risk is required.

A source-pathway-receptor assessment integrates the baseline geochemistry, hydrogeology, hydrology and ecology baselines. A workshop with the relevant specialists could easily and quickly evaluate whether a significant risk to downstream receptors exists and whether numerical modelling is required to quantify the risk.


38

RECOMMENDATIONS 7.

This assessment of geochemical data indicates that the WRD and SEM piles may pose a risk to downstream water quality. This risk may be managed through the following actions:

Mine the calcsilicate separately and use it as a base layer for the WRD and SEM piles to mitigate acid drainage that may occur in the piles. Adding a source of Ca also makes it possible for F to precipitate. Therefore, the addition of the calcsilicate as a base layer may have a beneficial impact on acid generation and reduce the mobility of F in solution;

Conduct a specialist workshop to assess whether risk to identified sensitive receptors exists by performing a source pathway receptor assessment;

Kinetic leach tests with waste rock samples of expected particle sizes are recommended if the SPR assessment indicates that more information is required to characterise the risk;

Regardless of the outcome of the specialist workshop and source-pathway-receptor assessment, Husab should do the following to manage potential water quality impacts from the WRD and SEMs:

o Install monitoring points and boreholes in local water resources (surface water and groundwater) downstream of the facilities;

o Monitor the surface water and groundwater quality prior to, during operation, and after closure of the facilities to characterise potential environmental risk; and

O Water quality monitoring should apply the following analyses: pH, EC, Total Alkalinity, Al, As , B , Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Cl Co, Cr , Cu, F, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, NH3, Ni, NO2, NO3, Pb, PO4, Sb, Se, S, Si, Sn, SO4, Sr, U, and Zn.

Michelle Papenfus (Report Author)

Terry Harck (Project Reviewer)


39

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Cravotta, C. A., III, K. B. C. Brady, M. W. Smith, and Beam, R.L., 1990. Effectiveness of alkaline addition at surface mines in preventing or abating acid mine drainage: part 1, geochemical considerations. In: Proceedings of the 1990 Mining and Reclamation Conference and Exhibition, West Virginia University, Charleston, West Virginia, Vol. pp. 221-226

Fortescue , J. A. C., 1992. Landscape Geochemistry- Retrospect and Prospect – 1990. Applied Geochemistry , volume. 7, Pages 1-53. World Health Organisation (WHO) Guidelines for drinking-water quality (WHO, 2011)

Neumbo, F., and Louw, R., 2017. Sampling report: Sampling for Geochemical Investigation at Husab Mine. Unpublished report.

IFC, 2007. Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines for Mining. International Finance Corporation. World Bank Group. Project reference: M009-04. Report number: 01 Final

INAP, 2012. Chapter 5. Prediction. The International Network for Acid Prevention [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.gardguide.com/index.php?title=Chapter_5. [Accessed 22 November 2017]

Kabata-Pendias, A. and Mukherjee, A.B., 2007. In: Trace elements from soil to Human. Springer: Heidelberg.

Knupp (2014): Geophysical Interpretation of high resolution airborne magnetic and radiometric data. ML-171/EPL-3178, Husab Uranium Project. Report Volume 1/1.

Mendelsohn et.al., 2002. Atlas of Namibia. A portrait of the land and its people. Cape Town (David Philip Publishers; New Africa Books (Pty) Ltd)

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Metago, 2010. ARD assessment Husab. Johannesburg: Metago Water Geosciences (Pty) Ltd. Project reference: WGC106

Miller R.McG. (2008): The Geology of Namibia, Volume 1-3, R.McG. Miller. Ministry of Mines and Energy of Namibia. Geological Survey 2008

NDWA, 1988. Guideline for the evaluation of Drinking-water quality for human consumption with regard to chemical, physical and bacteriological quality. Namibia Department of Water Affairs

Price, W.A., Morin, K. and Hutt, N. (1997), Guidelines for the Prediction of Acid Rock Drainage and Metal Leaching for Mines in British Columbia: Part II. Recommended Procedures for Static and Kinetic Testing, Proc. 4th International Conference on Acid Mine Drainage, Vancouver, BC, p15-3

Price, W.A. and Errington, J.C., 1995. ARD Guidelines for Mine Sites in British Columbia, BC Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Victoria, 29p.


40

Price, WA (2009) Predication Manual for Drainage Chemistry from Sulphidic Geological Materials. MEND Report 1.20.1

SLR, 2015. Conceptual Groundwater model for the Husab Uranium Mine. Interim Report. Windhoek: SLR Environmental Consulting (Pty) Ltd. Project reference: 733.19008.00028. Report number: 2015-WG60

Soregaroli, B.A. and Lawrence, R.W., 1997. Waste Rock Characterization at Dublin Gulch: A Case Study, Proc. 4th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage, Vancouver, BC, pp. 631-645.

WHO, 2011. Guidelines for Drinking water quality. 4th Edition. Switzerland: World Health Organization


41

APPENDIX A: Analytical Results – Metago 2009


42

Leach analysis (pH 3-4, neutral and 10-11) on samples material designated for the WRD and SEM stockpiles (Metago, 2009)

Rock Type Sample ID Initial pH

Final pH

EC (mS/m)

TDS Al As Ba Ca Cl F Fe K Mg Mn Na NO3 Pb S Si Sn SO4 Sr Th Ti U

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines 6.5-9.5 N/A N/A 0.2 0.01 0.7 N/A 250 1.5 N/A N/A N/A 0.4 N/A 50 0.01 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.03

IFC EHS Mining guidelines 2007 09-Jun N/A N/A N/A 0.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Namibia Drinking water quality Group D - Unsuitable

11-Apr 400 N/A 1 0.6 2 400 1300 3 2 800 200 2 800 40 0.2 N/A N/A 0.4 1200 N/A N/A 1 8

alaskite

RRC306 114-115

3.4 9.7 7 35 2.02 - 0.08 5.7 ND 0.3 1.3 3.7 1 ND 7 ND 0.004 2.4 4.1 - 7 - ND 0.06 0.0005

Neutral 9.9 6 27 2.6 - 0.06 4.73 ND 0.3 1.61 4 1.15 ND 7 ND 0.004 ND 3.5 - ND ND 0.0009 0.08 0.0007

10-11 10.1 7 33 2.2 ND 0.07 3.06 ND 0.3 0.77 3 0.63 ND 8.5 ND ND ND 21.9 ND ND ND 0.0009 0.06 0.0005

RRC344 72-73

3.4 9.3 9 49 0.9 - ND 8.9 ND ND 0.3 3.9 0.5 ND 6.3 ND 0.01 5.3 2.5 - 16 - 0.004 ND 0.002

Neutral 9.9 6 30 1.7 - ND 4.72 ND ND 0.51 4.4 0.39 ND 6.7 ND 0.02 1.2 3 - 3 ND 0.003 ND 0.0016

10-11 10.2 7 34 1.98 ND ND 3.76 ND ND 0.41 4.2 0.4 ND 7.9 ND 0.03 1.3 19.9 ND 3 ND 0.01 0.03 0.003

RSDD004 155-156

3.4 9.4 6 31 0.76 - ND 6.8 ND 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.6 ND 3.3 ND ND 2.9 1.9 - 8 - ND ND 0.017

Neutral 9.6 6 26 0.86 - ND 6.36 ND ND 0.4 1.3 0.75 ND 3.7 ND ND 2.1 1.4 - 4 ND ND 0.03 0.0131

10-11 10.1 6 28 1.03 ND ND 4.6 ND ND 0.33 1.2 0.4 ND 5.4 ND ND 2.7 3.7 ND 3 ND 0.0012 0.05 0.017

alluvium RRC325 15-16

3.4 8.3 237 1500 0.12 - ND 485 105 ND ND 15 5.2 ND 89.8 3.1 ND 433 2.8 - 1310 - ND ND 0.0024

Neutral 8.7 247 1500 ND - ND 502 100 0.1 ND 16.2 5.19 ND 93.6 6.3 ND 469 2.3 - 1460 2.02 ND ND 0.0005

10-11 9.3 256 1300 0.11 0.001 0.07 496 131 ND ND 15 4.6 ND 93.5 2.1 ND 441 3.5 ND ND 1.95 0.0006 ND ND

biotite schist

RRC307 119-120

3.4 8.6 15 87 0.24 - ND 19.5 ND 0.6 0.1 2.2 1.4 ND 5.1 ND ND 12.7 0.9 - 30 - ND ND ND

Neutral 8.7 14 83 0.23 - ND 18.5 ND 0.5 0.15 2.2 1.23 ND 5.1 ND ND 13.6 0.9 - 25 ND ND ND ND

10-11 8.6 14 80 0.28 ND ND 13.9 ND 0.4 ND 2.1 1.05 ND 8.2 ND ND 16.2 1 ND 22 ND 0.0007 ND ND

RRC350 100-101

3.4 9.5 10 53 4.09 - 0.06 6.7 ND 0.5 1.9 6 1.5 ND 9 ND 0.003 5.3 4.5 - 15 - 0.002 0.1 0.002

Neutral 9.9 9 44 1.89 - ND 5.84 ND 0.5 0.97 5.2 1.04 ND 9 ND 0.004 3.2 3.7 - 10 ND 0.003 0.05 0.002

10-11 10.2 9 45 2.74 ND 0.16 4.7 ND 0.4 1.36 5.2 1.06 0.08 10.1 ND 0.005 2.6 27.4 ND 6 ND 0.003 0.09 0.0025

RSDD.019 91-92

3.4 9.3 7 35 3.07 - ND 4.4 ND ND 0.7 3.3 0.6 ND 8.6 ND ND 2.7 4.7 - 7 - ND 0.1 0.0005

Neutral 9.8 7 34 1.9 - ND 3.98 ND ND 0.46 2.8 0.66 ND 10.2 ND ND 1.3 2.5 - 2 ND ND 0.03 0.0002

10-11 10.6 11 55 3.55 0.003 0.05 2.29 ND ND 0.78 3 0.46 ND 14.7 ND ND 1.3 16.9 0.0027 ND ND 0.0017 0.09 0.0004

RSDD.019 99-100

3.4 9.1 9 44 1.2 - ND 6.8 ND 0.2 0.44 4 0.6 ND 5.4 ND ND 5.9 1.9 - 14 - ND 0.03 ND

Neutral 9.4 8 40 1.32 - ND 6.27 ND 0.2 0.48 4.4 0.5 ND 6.3 ND ND 4.4 1.3 - 8 ND ND 0.03 ND

10-11 10.4 10 50 1.73 0.001 ND 2.37 ND 0.2 0.41 3.4 0.24 ND 12.1 ND ND 8 3.2 0.001 3 ND 0.0006 0.03 ND

RSDD003 94-95

3.4 9.5 9 45 1.34 - ND 3.4 ND 0.3 0.4 3.1 0.4 ND 11.6 ND ND 4.1 2.3 - 8 - ND 0.03 ND

Neutral 7.1 8 39 1.43 - ND 3.19 ND 0.2 0.39 3.4 0.38 ND 11.4 ND ND 1.6 1.6 - 3 ND ND 0.02 ND

10-11 10 9 43 1.72 ND ND 2.32 ND 0.2 0.36 2.9 0.28 ND 12.1 ND ND 2.3 3.8 ND 3 ND ND 0.04 ND

gneiss

RRC339 110-111

3.4 9.3 11 59 1.08 - 0.06 8.8 ND 0.2 0.5 3.9 1.1 ND 10.5 ND ND 7.1 3.1 - 21 - ND 0.02 0.0009

Neutral 9.9 8 41 1.49 - ND 4.49 ND 0.2 0.76 3.6 0.74 ND 10.3 ND ND 2.2 3 - 6 ND 0.0006 0.02 0.0008

10-11 10.1 8 42 1.72 ND ND 4.55 ND 0.2 0.67 3.6 0.73 ND 10.8 ND ND 3.4 22.5 ND 6 ND 0.0007 0.06 0.0007

RSDD001 62-63

3.4 9.6 18 100 0.29 - ND 5.1 13 ND ND 4.1 0.7 ND 25.9 ND ND 10.7 1.4 - 34 - ND ND 0.0007

Neutral 9.8 21 120 0.26 - ND 8.37 14 ND ND 5.1 0.73 ND 29.1 0.6 ND 16.9 1.5 - 47 ND ND ND 0.0006

10-11 10.3 17 92.5 0.58 0.003 0.06 3 12.5 ND 0.06 3.6 0.34 ND 26 0.5 ND 7.55 3.45 ND 20.5 ND ND ND 0.0003

RSDD004 163-164

3.4 8.3 5 24 2.76 - 0.05 0.5 ND 0.5 1.6 3.9 0.9 ND 8 ND ND 4.8 2.6 - 12 - ND 0.1 0.0003

Neutral 8.7 6 26 0.14 - ND 2.33 ND 0.4 ND 6.2 0.08 ND 43 ND ND 5.9 3 - 9 ND 0.0014 ND 0.0005

10-11 9.1 7 32 3.54 ND 0.07 0.43 ND 0.4 4.08 3.6 1.5 ND 11 ND ND 6.5 13.4 ND 8 ND 0.0013 0.21 0.0004

RRC3316 100-101

3.4 9.4 8 42 2.59 - 0.05 7.2 ND 0.1 1 4.1 0.9 ND 5.6 ND ND 4.7 2.8 - 14 - ND 0.2 0.0008

Neutral 9.7 7 36 1 - ND 5.69 ND 0.2 0.37 3.4 0.53 ND 6 ND ND 3.2 2 - 9 ND ND 0.05 0.0006

10-11 10.1 8 40 1.65 ND ND 4.11 ND 0.1 0.78 3.5 0.55 ND 8.3 ND ND 3 13.1 ND 7 ND 0.0009 0.08 0.001

pegmatite RSDD003 119-120

3.4 9.4 8 41 0.95 - ND 7.04 ND 0.3 0.2 1.7 0.5 ND 6.6 ND ND 4 1.7 - 12 - ND ND 0.001

Neutral 9.8 8 43 1.03 - ND 6.95 ND 0.3 0.15 2.1 0.41 ND 7.7 ND ND 4.3 1.4 - 12 ND ND ND 0.0003

10-11 10.2 8 43 1.16 ND ND 4.82 ND 0.2 0.22 2.2 0.3 ND 9.7 ND ND 3.8 1.8 ND 9 ND ND ND 0.0003

skarn RRC384 100-101 3.4 7 16.5 89.5 0.23 - ND 6.14 36 1 0.1 5 1.3 0.2 3.9 ND ND 8.7 1.2 - 23.5 - ND ND 0.002

Neutral 7.2 9 46.5 0.08 - ND 5.48 ND 0.8 ND 5.9 1.24 0.11 3.95 ND ND 8.55 0.85 - 15 ND 0.0005 ND 0.0013


43

Rock Type Sample ID Initial pH

Final pH

EC (mS/m)

TDS Al As Ba Ca Cl F Fe K Mg Mn Na NO3 Pb S Si Sn SO4 Sr Th Ti U

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines 6.5-9.5 N/A N/A 0.2 0.01 0.7 N/A 250 1.5 N/A N/A N/A 0.4 N/A 50 0.01 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.03

IFC EHS Mining guidelines 2007 09-Jun N/A N/A N/A 0.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Namibia Drinking water quality Group D - Unsuitable

11-Apr 400 N/A 1 0.6 2 400 1300 3 2 800 200 2 800 40 0.2 N/A N/A 0.4 1200 N/A N/A 1 8

10-11 7.7 9 47 ND ND ND 4.71 ND 0.5 ND 4.3 1.07 0.08 6.4 ND ND 9.2 0.9 ND 14 ND ND ND 0.0005

Unknown

RSDD.019 99-101-102

3.4 9 13 74 0.65 - ND 15.1 ND 0.2 ND 2.3 0.6 ND 4.9 ND ND 12.9 1.2 - 41 - ND ND 0.001

Neutral 9.5 10 51 0.81 - ND 11.6 ND 0.2 0.11 2.5 0.66 ND 4.9 3 ND 8.1 0.9 - 21 ND ND ND 0.0006

10-11 10.3 9 50 1.09 ND ND 6.04 ND 0.2 0.1 2.5 0.22 ND 8.8 ND ND 7 2.4 0.0006 13 ND ND ND 0.0005

RRC376 107-108

3.4 9.7 10 54 0.08 - ND 5.6 ND 0.3 ND 2.1 3.3 ND 7.1 ND ND 4.1 1.3 - 13 - ND ND ND

Neutral 9.7 9 46 ND - ND 4.92 ND 0.3 ND 2.3 2.86 ND 7.6 ND ND 2.4 0.9 - 7 ND ND ND ND

10-11 10 9 48 ND ND ND 3.98 ND 0.2 ND 1.9 2.17 ND 8.9 0.3 ND 2.2 1 ND 6 ND 0.0007 ND ND

RRC292 100-101

3.4 9.6 7 35 1.03 - ND 5.1 ND 0.2 0.2 2.7 0.5 ND 6.4 ND ND 2.1 2.3 - 7 - ND ND 0.001

Neutral 9.9 6 30 0.65 - ND 4.42 ND 0.2 0.05 2.4 0.35 ND 6.3 ND ND 1.1 2 - 3 ND 0.0007 ND 0.0009

10-11 10.1 7 36 1.35 ND 0.05 3.08 ND 0.2 0.24 2.7 0.37 ND 8.8 ND ND 1.1 7.3 ND 2 ND 0.0025 ND 0.0014

Highlighted values exceed the water quality guideline as follows: Red: Exceeds NDWG; Orange: Exceeds IFC; Purple: Exceeds WHO

ND: Not detected;


44

APPENDIX B: Composition of composite samples (Metago, 2010)


45


46

APPENDIX C: Analytical Results – Metago 2010


47

Total leachable concentrations (Aqua Regia extract) on composite samples (Metago, 2010)

All in [PPM] Ag As B Ba Be Bi Cd Ce Hg Li Mo P Pb S Sb Sn Se Sr Te Th Ti U V W

WS001 <0.0001 1.19 45.8 554 1.9 0.31 0.08 43 0.07 25 1.8 373 18 800 0.083 1.73 <0.0001 160 <0.0001 11.2 841 12.22 72 2.4

WS002 0.06 0.05 10.1 366 10.4 0.59 0.11 97 0.05 44 4.6 376 29 15600 0.133 0.91 <0.0001 108 0.09 38.3 1104 11.2 78 1.6

WS003 0.02 0.02 7.7 407 3.3 0.12 0.11 34 0.12 24 2.3 250 14 2800 0.06 2.53 <0.0001 155 <0.0001 12.1 1113 6.34 62 4

WS004 0.09 <0.0001 40.9 610 5 0.21 0.1 68 0.09 63 3.3 569 12 300 0.076 2.28 <0.0001 146 <0.0001 20.1 3399 8.58 83 2.9

WS005 <0.0001 0.399 10.7 480 5.4 0.28 0.36 87 0.06 47 124 562 28 5100 0.073 4.38 <0.0001 151 0.21 20.6 3332 10.43 108 3.3

WS006 <0.0001 1.17 10.7 450 1.4 0.17 0.07 21 0.04 22 2.7 219 11 1300 0.076 1.14 <0.0001 77 <0.0001 6.2 1025 20.9 59 1

Waste Rock Composite <0.0001 1.06 7.9 445 3.2 0.17 0.09 45 0.07 31 19.8 334 11 2400 0.076 1.93 <0.0001 123 <0.0001 14.6 1643 7.81 73 2.3


48

TCLP Leach analysis on composite samples (Metago, 2010)

SAMPLE ID [all in mg/L] Al Ag As B Ba Be Bi Br Ca Cd Ce Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe Hg K Li

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines (2011) 0.2 N/A 0.01 0.5 0.7 N/A N/A N/A 300 0.003 N/A 250 N/A 0.05 2 1.5 N/A 0.006 N/A N/A

IFC EHS Mining guidelines (2007) N/A N/A 0.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.05 N/A N/A <0.05 N/A 0.3 N/A 2 0.002 N/A N/A

Namibia Drinking water quality Group D (1988) 1 0.1 0.6 4 2 0.01 1 6 400 0.04 4 1200 1 0.4 2 3 2 0.02 800 10

WS0001 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.3 <0.002 <0.002 - 900 <0.02 0.008 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - 5 <0.02 13 <0.02

WS0001 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) <1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.48 <0.002 <0.002 - 846 <0.02 0.01 - <0.05 <0.1 0.06 - 2 <0.02 12 <0.02

WS0002 (stage-Crushed to -6mm) 1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.15 0.006 <0.002 - 182 <0.02 0.031 - <0.05 <0.1 0.05 - 1 <0.02 19 <0.02

WS0002 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 2 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.22 0.007 <0.002 - 225 <0.02 0.033 - <0.05 <0.1 0.26 - <1 <0.02 12 <0.02

WS0003 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.02 <0.1 0.2 0.17 <0.002 <0.002 - 1160 <0.02 0.008 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - <1 <0.02 19 <0.02

WS0003 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) <1 <0.02 <0.1 0.3 0.23 0.002 <0.002 - 1830 <0.02 0.087 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - 1 <0.02 13 <0.02

WS0004 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.34 <0.002 <0.002 - 88.7 <0.02 0.016 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - 5 <0.02 18 <0.02

WS0004 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 2 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.35 0.002 <0.002 - 157 <0.02 0.026 - <0.05 <0.1 0.1 - 5 <0.02 17 0.3

WS0005 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 1 <0.02 <0.1 X 0.19 <0.002 <0.002 - 214 <0.02 0.008 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - 5 <0.02 16 <0.02

WS0005 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.21 0.004 <0.002 - 276 <0.02 0.012 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - 4 <0.02 14 0.02

WS0006 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.27 <0.002 <0.002 - 845 <0.02 0.014 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - 1 <0.02 14 <0.02

WS0006 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) <1 <0.02 <0.1 <0.1 0.38 <0.002 <0.002 - 908 <0.02 0.015 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.05 - <1 <0.02 11 <0.02

SAMPLE ID [all in mg/L] Mg Mn Mo Na Ni P Pb S Sb Sn Se Sr Te Th TI Ti U V W ZN

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines (2011) N/A 0.4 0.07 200 0.07 N/A 0.01 N/A 0.02 N/A 0.01 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.015 N/A N/A N/A

IFC EHS Mining guidelines (2007) N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.5 N/A 0.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.5 0.5

Namibia Drinking water quality Group D (1988) 200 2 0.2 800 1 N/A 0.2 N/A 0.2 0.4 0.1 N/A N/A N/A 0.02 1 8 1 1 10

WS0001 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 3.4 3.4 <0.002 1420 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 2.2 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 1.52 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 0.005 <0.02 <0.002 0.14

WS0001 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 3.9 3.1 <0.002 1410 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 3.2 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 1.54 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 0.006 <0.02 <0.002 0.12

WS0002 (stage-Crushed to -6mm) 6.7 2.3 <0.002 1480 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 41.1 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.56 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 0.012 <0.02 <0.002 0.21


WS0003 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 13.8 3.9 <0.002 1420 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 187 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.95 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 0.017 <0.02 <0.002 0.08

WS0003 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 32.7 10.8 <0.002 27.2 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 172 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 1.55 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 0.025 <0.02 <0.002 0.13






WS0006 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 13 2.5 <0.002 1410 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 2.1 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.78 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 0.012 <0.02 <0.002 0.1


49

Results of SPLP using an extraction solution with pH 4.2 (1:20 solid to solution ratio) on composite samples (Metago, 2010)

SAMPLE ID [all in mg/L] Al Ag As B Ba Be Bi Br Ca Cd Ce Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe Hg K Li

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines (2011) 0.2 N/A 0.01 0.5 0.7 N/A N/A N/A 300 0.003 N/A 250 N/A 0.05 2 1.5 N/A 0.006 N/A N/A

IFC EHS Mining guidelines (2007) N/A N/A 0.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.05 N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.3 N/A 2 0.002 N/A N/A

Namibia Drinking water quality Group D (1988) 1 0.1 0.6 4 2 0.01 1 6 400 0.04 4 1200 1 0.4 2 3 2 0.02 800 10

WS0001 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 <0.1 <0.06 <0.002 <0.002 - 4.6 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 <5 <0.02

WS0001 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 <0.1 0.12 <0.002 <0.002 - 5.5 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 <5 <0.02

WS0002 (stage-Crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 <0.1 0.07 <0.002 <0.002 - 25.8 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 <5 <0.02


WS0003 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 0.2 0.09 <0.002 <0.002 - 173 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 5 <0.02

WS0003 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 0.2 0.08 <0.002 <0.002 - 215 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 7 <0.02

WS0004 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 <0.1 0.09 <0.002 <0.002 - 3.4 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 <5 <0.02


WS0005 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 <0.1 <0.05 <0.002 <0.002 - <0.5 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 <5 <0.02


WS0006 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <1 <0.002 <0.1 <0.1 0.05 <0.002 <0.002 - 5.8 <0.02 <0.001 - <0.05 <0.1 <0.5 - <1 <0.002 <5 <0.02


SAMPLE ID [all in mg/L] Mg Mn Mo Na Ni P Pb S Sb Sn Se Sr Te Th TI Ti U V W Zn

WHO Drinking Water Guidelines (2011) N/A 0.4 0.07 200 0.07 N/A 0.01 N/A 0.02 N/A 0.01 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.015 N/A N/A N/A

IFC EHS Mining guidelines (2007) N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.5 N/A 0.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.5 0.5

Namibia Drinking water quality Group D (1988) 200 2 0.2 800 1 N/A 0.2 N/A 0.2 0.4 0.1 N/A 0.01 N/A 0.02 1 8 1 1 20

WS0001 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <0.2 <0.1 <0.002 5.6 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 3.1 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 0.02 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0001 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.3 <0.1 <0.002 9.2 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 4.3 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 0.02 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0002 (stage-Crushed to -6mm) 1.5 <0.1 <0.002 8.7 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 28.7 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 0.14 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05


WS0003 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 3.3 <0.1 <0.002 19.5 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 143 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 0.43 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0003 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 4.2 <0.1 <0.002 25 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 175 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 0.65 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0004 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.4 <0.1 <0.002 5.9 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 1.4 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0004 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.3 <0.1 <0.002 7.8 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 2.9 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0005 (stage-crushed to -6mm) <0.2 <0.1 <0.002 6.6 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 0.3 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0005 (Ground to %80 passing 0.250mm) 0.4 <0.1 <0.002 8 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 10.8 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05

WS0006 (stage-crushed to -6mm) 0.7 <0.1 <0.002 3.1 <0.1 <0.3 <0.2 4.9 <0.002 <0.01 <0.1 0.02 <0.01 <0.001 <0.01 <0.1 <0.001 <0.02 <0.002 <0.05



50

APPENDIX D: Sampling and Analysis Plan

Memorandum

To: Berti Roesener Carlene Binneman

At: Error! Unknown document property name.

From: Michelle Papenfus At: SLR Consulting

Date: 2017/11/09 Ref: 7NA.19008.00058

Subject: Sampling protocol for geochemical investigation at Husab Mine

1.0 INTRODUCTION Swakop Uranium is currently conducting a surface and groundwater investigation for the extension

of their waste rock dump (WRD) at the Husab Uranium Mine (Husab Mine). The Husab Mine is

located in central Namibia approximately 60km east of Swakopmund. The mean annual precipitation

in the area is less than 50mm.

Waste rock from two pits will be stored on the extended WRD. In addition to the WRD there are two

temporary sub-economic material (SEM) stockpiles. Samples of the materials in the WRD and SEM

must be geochemically analysed to assess future seepage quality and potential groundwater

contamination.

Personnel at Swakop Uranium have agreed to collect suitable samples; crush, mill, and split the

samples; and send them to South Africa for geochemical analysis.

2.0 OBJECTIVE The objective of this memo is to inform Swakop Uranium personnel regarding identification of

suitable samples and preparation of the samples. The materials to be sampled include:

Key lithologies to be deposited onto the WRD; and

Sub-economic material (SEM) or low grade ore.

3.0 REGULATORY REQUIREMENT The International Network for Acid Prevention (INAP) (2009) sponsored the development of the

2

Global Acid Rock Drainage (GARD) Guide, which outlines current international best practice for the

prediction, prevention, and management of mine drainage. The scope described in this

memorandum follows this guideline.

4.0 METHODOLOGY

4.1 Sample Selection

A critical success factor for any geochemical characterisation program is the selection of

representative samples considering material type (e.g. lithology), spatial (e.g. vertical and horizontal

areas mined), and compositional (e.g. material types) representation.

The scope for this assessment is limited to laboratory analysis of 14 samples of lithologies that will

be placed on the WRD. Two additional composite WRD samples will be prepared using the

proportions of lithologies determined from the borehole logs for each pit. Four samples will be

collected from the SEM stockpiles.

Based on communication with specialists on site it was established that the main zones encountered

in the pits (Pit 1 and Pit 2) can be attributed to six zones as described in Table 4-1. The zones were

further subdivided in to the lithologies. Specialists on site provided SLR with estimates of the tonnes

of each lithology to be disposed of on the WRD. Table 4-2 show the percentage contribution of each

lithology to the waste rock from the two pits. It should be noted that lithologies 1 to 10 indicated in

Table 4-2 represents 97.5% of the waste rock.

Table 4-1: Percentage of mineral material per zone/formation

Zone Pit 1

(tonnes) Pit 2

(tonnes) TOTAL

(tonnes) Percentage (%)

Overburden 192 011 535 306 498 673 498 510 208 22

Grey Granite 113 861 984 23 237 280 137 099 264 6.0

Khan 30 686 700 4 418 745 35 105 445 1.5

Rossing 379 790 060 38 633 224 418 423 284 18

Chuos 563 283 772 521 046 828 1 084 330 601 47

Karibib

114 985 621 114 985 621 5.0

TOTAL 1 087 622 516 1 008 820 372 2 288 454 423 100

Table 4-2: Percentage of specific lithology zone/formation

No Formations Lithology Total

(tonnes)

Total

Percentage

(%)

Cumulative

Percentage (%)

3

No Formations Lithology Total

(tonnes)

Total

Percentage

(%)

Cumulative

Percentage (%)

1 Chuos Other* 330 396 259 20.4 20.4

2 Overburden Sand 322 536 007 19.9 40.3

3 Chuos Gneiss 200 286 205 12.4 52.7

4 Rossing Other* 199 786 007 12.3 65.0

5 Overburden Other* 165 008 500 10.2 75.2

6 Chuos Schist 158 548 067 9.8 85.0

7

Karibib

Marble, dolomite, biiotite

schist, quartz schist,

calcsilicate rocks, shale

67 682 106

4.2 89.1

8 Rossing Calc Silicates 55 111 169 3.4 92.5

9 Grey Granite Granites 50 559 873 3.1 95.7

10 Rossing Schist 29 533 120 1.8 97.5

11

Khan

Quartzite, gneiss, schist,

calcsilicate 25 321 161

1.6 99.1

12 Overburden Calcrete 10 965 702 0.7 99.7

13 Rossing Marble 4 387 647 0.3 100.0

TOTAL

1 620 121

823 100

*Calculated as the total tonnes provided by the client minus the actual lithology values. Actual lithology composition to be

confirmed

The Swakop Uranium sampling team should ensure the following:

WRD samples should be collected from the 14 most-dominant waste rock lithologies within the

final pit shells. Ideally, the samples should be collected from fresh diamond-drill core. However,

SLR understands that this will incur an unacceptable delay to the completion of the project.

Therefore, the samples will be collected from current exposures in the pits.

Each sample should be clearly identified and labelled

The geological context of each sample (including its relative predominance among the waste

rock lithologies) should be recorded to inform the interpretation of the geochemical data

Sufficient sample should be collected to allow sample preparation (described below) to be

completed

Two composite waste rock samples, representative of the waste rock to be extracted from the

pits should be prepared based on the lithological logs (section 4.2.3).

Two composite samples should be collected from each of the SEM stockpiles.

4

4.2 Sample Preparation

4.2.1 Crushing

Each sample should be crushed to provide approximately 1 500 g of material passing a 2 mm

sieve

Approximately 1 500 g of -2 mm material should be placed in a plastic sample bag, sealed, and

labelled with the sample identification, including the label “crushed to -2 mm”

The crushing equipment should be thoroughly cleaned between samples to prevent cross-

contamination

4.2.2 Milling

A 200 g subsample should be milled to powder

The subsample should be placed in a plastic sample bag, sealed, and labelled with the sample

identification, including the label “milled to powder”

The milling equipment should be thoroughly cleaned between samples to prevent cross-

contamination

4.2.3 Composite sample (Two composite samples of the waste rock)

Determine the percentage contribution of each lithology to the WRD by using the values

provided in Table 4-2

Estimate the mass of sample required to make a composite sample representative of the

material to be extracted from Pit 1 and Pit 2 respectively

Take a representative sample of each of the lithologies from the crushed material based on the

percentage contribution

Mix the sample until homogenous

Split the crushed sample by either using the quarter and cone method (Figure 4-1), or by rotary

splitter

Take subsample of 200g and pulverise to <0.075mm

Figure 4-1: Quarter and Cone sample splitting method

4.2.4 Dispatch

All samples should be boxed and sent by courier (or Swakop Uraniums’s normal logistic channel) to

the laboratory at the following address:

Waterlab

5

23B De Havilland Crescent,

Persequor Techno Park,

Meiring Naude Rd,

Brummeria,

Pretoria

SOUTH AFRICA

GPS Coordinates: 25°44'50.3"S 28°16'21.3"E

Attention: ELZA BOTHA / ERNEST PELSER

A letter should accompany the box, attached to a pouch on the outside. This should indicate that the

contents of the box are rock samples for laboratory testing and that the value of the contents is

$ 1.00.

4.2.5 SAmple Checklist Table 4-3 provides an example sample check list to accompany the sample box to the laboratory.

Table 4-3: Sample Checklist

Number Lithology/Sample Description

Crushed to -2 mm (1500g sample)

Milled (200g sample)

1 Lithology1

2 Lithology2

3 Lithology3

4 Lithology4

5 Lithology5

6 Lithology6

7 Lithology7

8 Lithology8

9 Lithology9

10 Lithology10

11 Lithology11

12 Lithology12

13 Lithology13

14 Lithology14

15 WRD-Comp1

16 WRD-Comp2

17 SEM1-1

18 SEM1-2

19 SEM2-1

20 SEM2-2

6


Waterlab is a SANAS -accredited laboratory. SLR will request a test work programme to include:

Acid base accounting (ABA);

Aqua regia digestion including uranium;

Leaching test with pH, 15 metals, uranium, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulphate, nitrate and fluoride; and

Mineralogy by x-ray diffraction (XRD).

6.0 CLOSING REMARKS

Please feel free to contact me if you need additional information.


51

APPENDIX E: Geochemistry Sampling Report

Husab Tower, 2nd

Floor, c/o Leutwein and Nathanael Maxuilili Streets, Swakopmund, Namibia PO Box 8667, Swakopmund, Namibia Tel +264 (0) 64 410 9000 | Fax +264 (0) 64 410 9001 www swakopuranium.com

1

SAMPLING REPORT

Sampling for Geochemical Investigation at

Husab Mine

Fikameni Neumbo (P800524)

Ronwynn Louw (P800777)

14 November 2017

Husab Tower, 2nd


2

1. Introduction

This report summarises the geochemical investigation done for the waste rock dups for the

two pits at Husab mine. A total of 14 samples were collected from Zone 1 and Zone 2

For both Zones, the positions of the samples collected are shown in the maps below. A total

of 4 individual samples were collected from the Chuos Formation, 8 samples from the

Rössing Formation and 2 samples from an intrusive alaskite for the two pits. The 14 samples

collected are actual representation of the freshly-exposed lithologies in Zone 1 and Zone 2

that represents the material on the Waste and SEM stockpiles. The GPS coordinate and

sample weights were taken for each sample and can be found in Table 1 as well as the rock

descriptions for each collected sample. These samples were crushed, milled and split. They

will be sent to South Africa for geochemical analysis.

ZONE 1

Figure1: Sample localities collected from the Zone 1 Pit

Husab Tower, 2nd


3

Table1: Summary table for Zone 1 samples

Sample

Point X Y Z

Weigh

t

Formatio

n Rock name Rock description

1

505407 7503340 538.75

5

Rossing Quartzite

Gray in colour, fine-

grained,hard, non-foliated.

Smoky & milky quartz

2

506212 7506359 538.75 7

Rossing Calcsilicate

Greenish, fine-grained.

Diopside, quartz

3

506682 7506538 493.75

4.5

Rossing Gneiss

Bande Banded, fine-grained.

Dark grey. Weakly foliated.

Rich in cordierite and

pyroxenes.

4

506669 7506546 493.75

4

Rossing Schist

Brown, medium-grained,

foliated, slightly weathered.

Quartz and biotite

5

506677 7506542 493..75

4.2

Rossing Alaskite

Granitic rock, coarse-grained,

beige . Feldspar, biotite with

smoky quartz

6

506689 7506520 493.75

4

Chuos Mixtite

Gray, fine-grained, weakly

foliated. Subrounded clasts

intruded by a pink pegmatite

7

506684 7506535 493

4

Chuos Migmatite

Gray, fine grained. Granitic

gneiss with no foliation.

Sulphides present.

Husab Tower, 2nd


4

Figure3. Pictures of the rock types collected in Zone 1

Husab Tower, 2nd


5

ZONE 2

Figure 2: Sample localities collected from the Zone 1 Pit

Husab Tower, 2nd


6

Table2: Summary table for Zone 2 samples

Sample

point X Y Z

Weight

(Kg)

Formatio

n Rock name Rock description

1

505770 7503066 419 7 Chuos

Mixtite

grey, weakly foliated.

Subrounded clasts intruded by

a pink to grey pegmatite

2

505765 7503278 414 4.4 Chuos Diamictite

grey, weakly-foliated, silicious

clasts in a biotite matric

3

505420 7503241 420 4.3 Rossing Quartzite

grey and beige, no foliation,

equigranular. Smoky & milky

quartz

4

505417 7503243 415 8.3 Rossing Schist

dark grey, strongly foliated,

dominated by flaky biotite and

quartz with a strong fabric.

Moderate sulphides. Partial

fizz with acid

5

505443 7503194 425 5.3 Rossing Gneiss

Dark green to grey. Strongly

foliated. Rich in cordierite and

pyroxenes. Slightly weathered.

6

505446 7503188 424 5.2 Rossing Migmatite

Green and grey with some red

staining due to oxidation.

Granitic gneissic texture but

with no pronouced foliation.

Rich in sulphides.

7

505444 7503189 424 4.6 Rossing Alaskite

Grey & pink. Slightly

weathered. White coating with

strong fizz with acid. Medium

grained. Qtz +fd dominanat

with minor biotite

Husab Tower, 2nd


7

Figure3. Pictures of the rock types collected in Zone 1

Husab Tower, 2nd


8

SEM STOCKPILE SAMPLING

A total of 10 samples of different rock types were collected from the two SEM stockpiles from the

two pits, 5 samples from each pit.

The same rock types were collected from the two SEM stockpiles for Zone 1 and 2. All samples were

crushed and homogenised using a riffle splitter, then milled and carefully weighed in equal

proportions to create a composite sample that is representative of the SEM stockpiles.

Figure 4: Rock samples collected from the Zone 1 SEM stockpile

Diamictite

Mixtite

Mixtite

Husab Tower, 2nd


9

Figure 5: Rock samples collected from the Zone 2 SEM stockpile

Husab Tower, 2nd


10

2. SAMPLE PREPARATION METHODOLOGY

2.1 Crushing

Each sample was crushed to provide 1500 g of material passing a 2 mm sieve.

1500 g of 2 mm material was placed in a sample bag, sealed, and labelled with the sample

identification, including the label “crushed to 2 mm”

The crushing equipment and the sieve were thoroughly cleaned between samples to prevent

contamination by means of compressed air and all the and wiped with a damp cloth.

Husab Tower, 2nd


11

2.2 Splitting

After crushing the sample, it was homogenised using a riffle splitter, the same was done after

milling.

2.3 Milling

A 200 g subsample was milled to powder

The sub sample was placed in a plastic bag, sealed and labelled with the sample identiication,

including labelled ‘milled to powder”.

The milling equipment was thoroughly cleaned between samples to prevent cross-

contamination.

Husab Tower, 2nd


12

Acknowledgements

A special thanks to the following laboratory technicians who assisted the Geologists in

crushing, milling and weighing the samples.

1. Bosco Olibile

2. Petrus Amadhila

3. Simson Shilunga

And the Chemists on day shift Iyaloo Amadhila & Wencel Gaeseb

Husab Tower, 2nd


13

2.3 Composite sample

A representative sample of each of the lithologies was taken from the crushed material

They were then mixed and homogenized become one sample

A pulverized subsample of 200 g was then taken

Husab Tower, 2nd


14

Appendix A: Table showing the samples dispatched

Bag no Sample id Ticket id Status

Weight

(Kg)

1

ZN1_schist_C D56702 Crushed 1.5

ZN1_gneiss_C D56703 Crushed 1.5

ZN1_calcsilicate_C D56704 Crushed 1.5

ZN1_alaskite_C D56705 Crushed 1.5

ZN1_quartzite_C D56706 Crushed 1.5

ZN1_mixtite_C D56707 Crushed 1.5

ZN1_migmatite_C D56708 Crushed 1.5

2

ZN1_schist_M D56709 Milled 0.2

ZN1_gneiss_M D56710 Milled 0.2

ZN1_calcsilicate_M D56711 Milled 0.2

ZN1_alaskite_M D56712 Milled 0.2

ZN1_quartzite_M D56713 Milled 0.2

ZN1_mixtite_M D56714 Milled 0.2

ZN1_migmatite_M D56715 Milled 0.2

3

ZN1_composite_M D56716 Milled 0.2

ZN2_composite_M D56717 Milled 0.2

ZN1_SEM_M D56718 Milled 0.2

ZN2_SEM_M D56719 Milled 0.2

4

ZN2_schist_M D56720 Milled 0.2

ZN2_gneiss_M D56721 Milled 0.2

ZN2_alaskite_M D56722 Milled 0.2

ZN2_quartzite_M D56723 Milled 0.2

ZN2_mixtite_M D56724 Milled 0.2

ZN2_diamictite_M D56725 Milled 0.2

ZN2_migmatite_M D56726 Milled 0.2

5

ZN2_schist_C D56727 Crushed 1.5

ZN2_gneiss_C D56728 Crushed 1.5

ZN2_alaskite_C D56729 Crushed 1.5

ZN2_quartzite_C D56730 Crushed 1.5

ZN2_mixtite_C D56731 Crushed 1.5

ZN2_diamictite_C D56732 Crushed 1.5

ZN2_migmatite_C D56733 Crushed 1.5


52

APPENDIX F: Laboratory Certificates

Date received: 2017/12/11 Date Completed: 2018/02/01

Project number: 139 Report number: 71391

Client name: SLR Consulting (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd Contact person: M. Papenfus

Adress: Block 7, Fourways Manor Office Park, Fourways, Johannesburg, 2060 Email: [email protected]

Telephone: 011 467 0945 Facsimile: 0114670978

Extract Sample Mass (g) Volume (ml) Factor

Distilled Water 50 1000 20

Sample Id Sample Number Hg Hg Rb Rb

mg/l mg/kg mg/l mg/kg

Det Limit <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.001 <0.020 0.005 0.097

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.001 <0.020 0.006 0.112

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.001 <0.020 0.009 0.182

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.001 <0.020 0.004 0.077

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.001 <0.020 0.006 0.116

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.001 <0.020 0.003 0.067

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.001 <0.020 0.005 0.094

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.001 <0.020 0.007 0.134

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.001 <0.020 0.008 0.155

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.001 <0.020 0.003 0.061

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.001 <0.020 0.011 0.221

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.001 <0.020 0.003 0.062

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.001 <0.020 0.081 1.63

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.001 <0.020 0.017 0.331

Composite SEM 19879 <0.001 <0.020 0.042 0.844

Sample Id Sample Number Tl Tl U U


Det Limit <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.001 <0.020 0.001 0.021

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.001 <0.020 0.002 0.032

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.001 <0.020 0.002 0.043

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.001 <0.020 0.003 0.068

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.001 <0.020 <0.001 <0.020

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.001 <0.020 0.003 0.057

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.001 <0.020 0.002 0.035

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.001 <0.020 0.002 0.037

Composite SEM 19879 <0.001 <0.020 0.002 0.045

WATERLAB (PTY) LTDCERTIFICATE OF ANALYSES

ICP-MS QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS






Extract Sample Dry Mass Volume Mass (g/l) Factor

Distilled Water 50 1000 50 20

Sample Id Sample number Ag Ag Al Al As As

mg/l mg/kg mg/l mg/kg mg/l mg/kg

Det Limit <0.025 <0.500 <0.100 <2.00 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.025 <0.500 0.139 2.78 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.500 <0.100 <2.00 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.500 0.671 13 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.500 0.628 13 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.500 0.452 9.04 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.025 <0.500 0.956 19 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.500 0.671 13 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.500 0.592 12 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.500 0.600 12 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.500 1.20 24 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.500 0.582 12 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.500 0.840 17 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.500 1.85 37 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.500 0.973 19 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.500 2.28 46 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.500 0.309 6.18 <0.010 <0.200

Composite SEM 19879 <0.025 <0.500 0.972 19 <0.010 <0.200

Sample Id Sample number Ba Ba Be Be Ca Ca


Det Limit <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 <1 <20

Zone 1-1 19863 0.038 0.760 <0.025 <0.500 7 140

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 3 60

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 4 80

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 12 240

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 8 160

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 3 60

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 3 60

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 3 60

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 5 100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 5 100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 <1 <20

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 5 100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 1 20

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 2 40

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 4 80

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 6 120

Composite SEM 19879 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500 5 100


ICP-OES QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

Sample Id Sample number Cd Cd Co Co Cr Cr


Det Limit <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Composite SEM 19879 <0.003 <0.060 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Sample Id Sample number Cu Cu Fe Fe K K


Det Limit <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500 <0.5 <10.0

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500 4.3 86

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500 6.0 120

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <0.200 0.210 4.20 3.9 78

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <0.200 0.464 9.28 4.1 83

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <0.200 0.055 1.10 3.0 60

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <0.200 0.272 5.44 3.7 74

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <0.200 0.166 3.32 4.2 83

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <0.200 0.063 1.26 3.0 59

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <0.200 0.080 1.60 3.3 66

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <0.200 0.294 5.88 1.8 36

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <0.200 0.336 6.72 0.7 14.3

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <0.200 0.242 4.84 2.7 55

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <0.200 1.36 27 3.3 67

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <0.200 0.163 3.26 3.6 72

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <0.200 0.787 16 23 452

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500 7.5 150

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <0.200 0.233 4.66 15.8 317

Sample Id Sample number Mg Mg Mn Mn Mo Mo


Det Limit <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-1 19863 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-2 19864 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-3 19865 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-4 19866 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-5 19867 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-6 19868 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-7 19869 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-1 19870 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-2 19871 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-3 19872 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-4 19873 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 0.038 0.760

Zone 2-5 19874 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 0.109 2.18

Zone 2-6 19875 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-7 19876 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Composite SEM 19879 <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Sample Id Sample number Na Na Ni Ni Pb Pb


Det Limit <1 <20 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-1 19863 11 220 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-2 19864 57 1140 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-3 19865 7 140 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-4 19866 14 280 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-5 19867 6 120 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-6 19868 15 300 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1-7 19869 8 160 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-1 19870 12 240 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-2 19871 4 80 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-3 19872 2 40 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-4 19873 12 240 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-5 19874 21 420 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-6 19875 16 320 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2-7 19876 20 400 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 9 180 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 8 160 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Composite SEM 19879 9 180 <0.025 <0.500 <0.010 <0.200

Sample Id Sample number Sb Sb Se Se Sr Sr


Det Limit <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 0.045 0.900

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Composite SEM 19879 <0.020 <0.400 <0.010 <0.200 <0.025 <0.500

Sample Id Sample number V V Zn Zn


Det Limit <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

Composite SEM 19879 <0.025 <0.500 <0.025 <0.500

WATERLAB (PTY) LTD

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSES

TCLP / ACID RAIN / DISTILLED WATER EXTRACTIONS

Date received: 2017/12/11 Date completed: 2018/02/01

Project number: 139 Report number: 71391 Order number: AF0452


Address: Block 7, Fourways Manor Office Park, Fourways, Johannesburg, 2060 Email: [email protected]

Telephone: 011 467 0945 Cell: +27 84 418 2175

Sample Number

TCLP / Acid Rain / Distilled Water / H2O2

Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C

Electrical Conductivity in mS/m at 25˚C

Inorganic Anions mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg

Total Dissolved Solids at 180 ˚C 30 600 138 2760 42 840 70 1400 24 480

Chloride as Cl 9 180 41 820 2 40 8 160 4 80

Sulphate as SO4 18 360 23 460 4 80 41 820 14 280

Nitrate as N <0.1 <2.0 1.6 32 0.1 2.0 <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0

Fluoride as F <0.2 <4.0 0.2 4.0 <0.2 <4.0 0.4 8.0 0.3 6.0

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant

Acid Base Accounting

Sulphur Speciation

X-ray Diffraction [s]

Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C




Chloride as Cl 2 40 2 40 2 40 <2 <40 <2 <40

Sulphate as SO4 10 200 5 100 3 60 <2 <40 <2 <40

Nitrate as N <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0

Fluoride as F 0.5 10 <0.2 <4.0 0.8 16 0.4 8.0 <0.2 <4.0

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C




Chloride as Cl 4 80 5 100 4 80 4 80 5 100

Sulphate as SO4 21 420 20 400 25 500 3 60 8 160

Nitrate as N <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0 0.1 2.0 <0.1 <2.0

Fluoride as F 0.8 16 0.4 8.0 0.3 6.0 0.1 2.0 0.5 10

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C


Inorganic Anions mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg

Total Dissolved Solids at 180 ˚C 46 920 68 1360

Chloride as Cl 4 80 4 80

Sulphate as SO4 7 140 9 180

Nitrate as N <0.1 <2.0 <0.1 <2.0

Fluoride as F 0.4 8.0 0.4 8.0

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


[s]=subcontracted

E. Botha__________________

Geochemistry Project Manager

19872

Zone 2-4

(schist)

19873

Zone 2-5

(gneiss)

19874

Zone 2-6

(migmatite)

19875

Zone 2-7

(alaskite)

19876

Zone 1 - SEM

(pulverised)

19877

See attached report XRD See attached report XRD See attached report XRD See attached report XRD See attached report XRD

See attached report SS See attached report SS See attached report SS

(quartzite)

See attached report SS See attached report SS See attached report SS See attached report SS See attached report SS


See attached report XRD See attached report XRD

See attached report SS See attached report SS

See attached report ABA See attached report ABA

See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW

See tab ICP-OES DW See tab ICP-OES DW

11.2 13.5

8.8 8.4

1000 1000

50 50

Analyses

Distilled Water Distilled Water

Zone 2 - SEM

(pulverised)

19878

Composite SEM

Zone 1+2

19879



See attached report ABA See attached report ABA See attached report ABA See attached report ABA See attached report ABA

See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW

See tab ICP-OES DW See tab ICP-OES DW See tab ICP-OES DW See tab ICP-OES DW See tab ICP-OES DW

7.7 14.0 10.7 11.6 16.7

6.8 7.9 7.2 8.8 9.0

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Distilled Water

50 50 50 50 50

Analyses

Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water





10.3 7.3 9.4 6.5 4.3

7.7 7.5 7.9 8.1 7.3

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Distilled Water

50 50 50 50 50

Analyses


19868 19869 19870 19871

Zone 1-6

(mixtite)

Zone 1-7

(migmatite)

Zone 2-1

(mixtite)

Zone 2-2

(diamictite)

Zone 2-3

See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW See tab ICP-MS DW


See tab ICP-MS DW

11.4 33.4 7.5 15.8 8.1


1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

7.7 8.9 7.9 7.5 7.5

Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water

50 50 50 50 50

(alaskite)

19863 19864 19865 19866 19867

(schist)Analyses

(quartzite) (calcsilicate)

Zone 1-1 Zone 1-2 Zone 1-3

(gneiss)

Zone 1-4 Zone 1-5

23B De Havilland Crescent Persequor Techno Park, Meiring Naudé Road, Pretoria P.O. Box 283, 0020

Telephone: +2712 – 349 – 1066 Facsimile: +2712 – 349 – 2064 Email: [email protected]







HNO3 : HF 0.25 100 400

Sample Id Sample Number Ag Ag Al Al As As


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.100 <40 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 67 26800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 67 26800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 108 43200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 168 67200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 168 67200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 119 47600 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 125 50000 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 0.017 6.80 141 56400 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 116 46400 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 44 17600 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 167 66800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 242 96800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 159 63600 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 0.013 5.20 120 48000 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 133 53200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 151 60400 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 140 56000 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Au Au B B Ba Ba


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.90 760

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.706 282

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.98 791

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.45 580

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 2.98 1193

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.14 457

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.26 504

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.958 383

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 2.62 1049

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.704 282

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.07 428

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.53 613

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.699 280

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.271 108

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.66 662

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.21 484

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.44 575

Sample Id Sample Number Be Be Bi Bi Ca Ca


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.012 4.80 112 44800

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 158 63200

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 10 4000

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 34 13600

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 5 2000

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 44 17600

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 40 16000

Zone 2-1 19870 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00 56 22400

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 32 12800

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 4 1600

Zone 2-4 19873 0.015 6.00 <0.010 <4.00 4 1600

Zone 2-5 19874 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 13 5200

Zone 2-6 19875 0.017 6.80 <0.010 <4.00 6 2400

Zone 2-7 19876 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 81 32400

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.016 6.40 <0.010 <4.00 18 7200

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 31 12400


ICP-MS SCAN ANALYSIS

Sample Id Sample Number Cd Cd Ce Ce Co Co


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.040 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 0.025 10 0.025 10

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.045 18 0.018 7.20

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 0.102 41 0.060 24

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 0.134 54 0.020 8.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 0.111 44 0.027 11

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.090 36 0.044 18

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 0.081 32 0.016 6.40

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.044 18

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.041 16

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 0.053 21

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.018 7.20 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 0.092 37 0.021 8.40

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 0.019 7.60 0.027 11

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 0.049 20 0.017 6.80

Sample Id Sample Number Cr Cr Cs Cs Cu Cu


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 0.034 14 <0.010 <4.00 0.110 44

Zone 1-2 19864 0.056 22 0.029 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 0.101 40 0.014 5.60 0.201 80

Zone 1-4 19866 0.206 82 0.030 12 0.290 116

Zone 1-5 19867 0.025 10 0.011 4.40 0.013 5.20

Zone 1-6 19868 0.124 50 0.023 9.20 0.010 4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.118 47 0.024 10 0.047 19

Zone 2-1 19870 0.106 42 0.015 6.00 0.223 89

Zone 2-2 19871 0.076 30 0.015 6.00 0.014 5.60

Zone 2-3 19872 0.017 6.80 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 0.144 58 0.027 11 0.115 46

Zone 2-5 19874 0.194 78 0.060 24 0.109 44

Zone 2-6 19875 0.148 59 0.038 15 0.152 61

Zone 2-7 19876 0.048 19 0.019 7.60 0.018 7.20

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.091 36 0.022 8.80 0.076 30

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.112 45 0.026 10 0.079 32

Composite SEM 19879 0.085 34 0.015 6.00 0.013 5.20

Sample Id Sample Number Dy Dy Er Er Eu Eu


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Fe Fe Ga Ga Gd Gd


Det Limit <0.025 <10 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 24 9600 0.398 159 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 44 17600 0.134 54 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 53 21200 0.352 141 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 135 54000 0.329 132 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 21 8400 0.617 247 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 67 26800 0.257 103 0.010 4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 77 30800 0.248 99 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 116 46400 0.205 82 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 61 24400 0.534 214 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 11 4400 0.139 56 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 106 42400 0.280 112 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 122 48800 0.337 135 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 139 55600 0.171 68 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 30 12000 0.075 30 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 62 24800 0.306 122 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 83 33200 0.283 113 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 56 22400 0.277 111 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Ge Ge Hf Hf Hg Hg


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.012 4.80 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 0.014 5.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.055 22 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Ho Ho In In Ir Ir


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number K K La La Li Li


Det Limit <0.5 <200 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 76 30400 0.018 7.20 0.016 6.40

Zone 1-2 19864 51 20400 0.011 4.40 0.086 34

Zone 1-3 19865 99 39600 0.019 7.60 0.059 24

Zone 1-4 19866 80 32000 0.047 19 0.121 48

Zone 1-5 19867 195 78000 <0.010 <4.00 0.015 6.00

Zone 1-6 19868 47 18800 0.059 24 0.075 30

Zone 1-7 19869 50 20000 0.050 20 0.098 39

Zone 2-1 19870 55 22000 0.040 16 0.152 61

Zone 2-2 19871 60 24000 0.036 14 0.112 45

Zone 2-3 19872 58 23200 <0.010 <4.00 0.017 6.80

Zone 2-4 19873 98 39200 <0.010 <4.00 0.180 72

Zone 2-5 19874 113 45200 <0.010 <4.00 0.268 107

Zone 2-6 19875 100 40000 <0.010 <4.00 0.129 52

Zone 2-7 19876 53 21200 <0.010 <4.00 0.056 22

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 86 34400 0.040 16 0.067 27

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 86 34400 <0.010 <4.00 0.136 54

Composite SEM 19879 88 35200 0.017 6.80 0.079 32

Sample Id Sample Number Lu Lu Mg Mg Mn Mn


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400 <0.025 <10

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 53 21200 1.46 584

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 105 42000 3.14 1258

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 18 7200 0.919 368

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 42 16800 1.72 689

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 4 1600 0.413 165

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 43 17200 2.16 865

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 50 20000 2.13 850

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 32 12800 1.53 613

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 20 8000 1.26 502

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400 0.244 98

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 15 6000 1.64 656

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 25 10000 1.44 576

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 31 12400 2.52 1009

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 14 5600 0.576 230

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 44 17600 1.58 634

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 21 8400 1.46 585

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 26 10400 1.40 560

Sample Id Sample Number Mo Mo Na Na Nb Nb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 5 2000 0.011 4.40

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 12 4800 0.034 14

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 20 8000 0.056 22

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 39 15600 0.055 22

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 30 12000 0.027 11

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 25 10000 0.051 20

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600 0.038 15

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 29 11600 0.048 19

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600 0.024 10

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 17 6800 0.016 6.40

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600 0.030 12

Zone 2-5 19874 0.010 4.00 27 10800 0.023 9.20

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 30 12000 0.030 12

Zone 2-7 19876 0.013 5.20 47 18800 0.062 25

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 26 10400 0.032 13

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 29 11600 0.037 15

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 31 12400 0.043 17

Sample Id Sample Number Nd Nd Ni Ni Os Os


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 0.019 7.60 0.014 5.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 0.010 4.00 0.040 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 0.018 7.20 0.048 19 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 0.045 18 0.125 50 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 0.014 5.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 0.055 22 0.035 14 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.050 20 0.056 22 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 0.040 16 0.063 25 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 0.035 14 0.039 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 0.075 30 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 0.081 32 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 0.138 55 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.037 15 0.042 17 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 0.059 24 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 0.019 7.60 0.030 12 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number P P Pb Pb Pd Pd


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 4.90 1958 0.065 26 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 5.34 2138 0.019 7.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 5.50 2198 0.091 36 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 4.00 1602 0.071 28 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 5.11 2045 0.121 48 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 6.59 2637 0.026 10 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 6.05 2420 0.032 13 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 5.23 2090 0.026 10 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 5.99 2397 0.045 18 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 6.40 2559 0.041 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 3.61 1445 0.154 62 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 3.54 1418 0.111 44 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 5.21 2083 0.079 32 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 6.97 2788 0.095 38 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 6.64 2657 0.067 27 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 6.21 2485 0.089 36 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 6.21 2483 0.066 26 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Pr Pr Pt Pt Rb Rb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.464 186

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.310 124

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.494 198

Zone 1-4 19866 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 0.661 264

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.11 444

Zone 1-6 19868 0.015 6.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.656 262

Zone 1-7 19869 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00 0.536 214

Zone 2-1 19870 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.593 237

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.492 197

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.272 109

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.207 83

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.368 147

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.226 90

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.351 140

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.483 193

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.242 97

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.457 183

Sample Id Sample Number Rh Rh Ru Ru Sb Sb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Sc Sc Se Se Si Si


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.2 <80

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 865 346000

Zone 1-2 19864 0.022 8.80 <0.010 <4.00 444 177600

Zone 1-3 19865 0.023 9.20 <0.010 <4.00 844 337600

Zone 1-4 19866 0.041 16 <0.010 <4.00 688 275200

Zone 1-5 19867 0.016 6.40 <0.010 <4.00 815 326000

Zone 1-6 19868 0.025 10 <0.010 <4.00 811 324400

Zone 1-7 19869 0.025 10 <0.010 <4.00 824 329600

Zone 2-1 19870 0.044 18 <0.010 <4.00 689 275600

Zone 2-2 19871 0.015 6.00 <0.010 <4.00 837 334800

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1051 420400

Zone 2-4 19873 0.019 7.60 0.043 17 626 250400

Zone 2-5 19874 0.049 20 <0.010 <4.00 576 230400

Zone 2-6 19875 0.031 12 <0.010 <4.00 580 232000

Zone 2-7 19876 0.020 8.00 0.043 17 880 352000

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.024 9.60 <0.010 <4.00 711 284400

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.027 11 <0.010 <4.00 714 285600

Composite SEM 19879 0.010 4.00 0.016 6.40 851 340400

Sample Id Sample Number Sm Sm Sn Sn Sr Sr


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.298 119

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.279 112

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.174 70

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.363 145

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.274 110

Zone 1-6 19868 0.012 4.80 <0.010 <4.00 0.178 71

Zone 1-7 19869 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.166 66

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.196 78

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.180 72

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.073 29

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.187 75

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.255 102

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.149 60

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.168 67

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.265 106

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.175 70

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.221 88

Sample Id Sample Number Ta Ta Tb Tb Te Te


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Th Th Ti Ti Tl Tl


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 2.02 807 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 7.18 2873 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 0.017 6.80 6.25 2500 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 0.016 6.40 12 4800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 1.62 646 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 0.023 9.20 8.65 3460 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.018 7.20 8.21 3283 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 0.026 10 9.18 3672 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 0.013 5.20 5.67 2270 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 0.949 380 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 6.30 2518 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 5.57 2228 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 7.19 2876 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 0.155 62 3.82 1528 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.020 8.00 5.81 2322 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.016 6.40 6.16 2464 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 0.028 11 6.35 2540 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Tm Tm V V


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.029 12

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 0.107 43

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.118 47

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 0.270 108

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 0.028 11

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 0.163 65

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 0.158 63

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.244 98

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 0.108 43

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 0.024 10

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 0.230 92

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 0.324 130

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 0.230 92

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.144 58

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 0.124 50

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 0.215 86

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 0.115 46

Sample Id Sample Number W W Y Y Yb Yb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.021 8.40 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 0.020 8.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.016 6.40 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 0.029 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 0.046 18 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 0.044 18 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.029 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 0.031 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.012 4.80 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 0.025 10 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 0.017 6.80 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Zn Zn Zr Zr


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 0.110 44 0.090 36

Zone 1-2 19864 0.305 122 0.051 20

Zone 1-3 19865 0.274 110 0.290 116

Zone 1-4 19866 0.249 100 0.335 134

Zone 1-5 19867 0.058 23 0.092 37

Zone 1-6 19868 0.163 65 0.291 116

Zone 1-7 19869 0.148 59 0.260 104

Zone 2-1 19870 0.189 76 0.229 92

Zone 2-2 19871 0.161 64 0.225 90

Zone 2-3 19872 0.064 26 0.093 37

Zone 2-4 19873 0.152 61 0.410 164

Zone 2-5 19874 0.204 82 0.299 120

Zone 2-6 19875 0.133 53 0.140 56

Zone 2-7 19876 0.021 8.40 0.940 376

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.113 45 0.191 76

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.115 46 0.274 110

Composite SEM 19879 0.116 46 0.156 62


WATERLAB (PTY) LTD

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSES ACID – BASE ACCOUNTING

EPA-600 MODIFIED SOBEK METHOD

Date received: 2017-12-11 Date completed: 2018-02-08 Project number: 139 Report number: 71391 Order number: AF0452

Client name: SLR Consulting (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd Contact person: M. Papenfus Address: Block 7, Fourways Manor Office Park, Fourways, Email: [email protected] Johannesburg, 2060 Cell: +27 84 418 2175 Telephone: 011 467 0945 Facsimile: 011 467 0978

E. Botha__________________ Geochemistry Project Manager The information contained in this report is relevant only to the sample/samples supplied to WATERLAB (Pty) Ltd. Any further use of the above information is not the responsibility or liability of WATERLAB (Pty) Ltd. Except for the full report, parts of this report may not be reproduced without written approval of WATERLAB (Pty) Ltd.

Page 1 of 5


Acid – Base Accounting Modified Sobek (EPA-600)

Sample Identification

Zone 1-1 (quartzite)

Zone 1-2 (calcsilicate)

Zone 1-3 (gneiss)

Zone 1-4 (schist)

Zone 1-5 (alaskite)

Sample Number 19863 19864 19865 19866 19867

Paste pH 8.8 8.7 9.3 8.4 9.2

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) <0.01 <0.01 0.07 1.34 <0.01

Acid Potential (AP) (kg/t) 0.31 0.31 2.19 41.88 0.31

Neutralization Potential (NP) 50 198 5.06 6.88 4.67

Nett Neutralization Potential (NNP) 50 198 2.87 -35 4.35

Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR) (NP : AP) 160 633 2.31 0.164 15

Rock Type III III II I III



Zone 1-6 (mixtite)

Zone 1-7 (migmatite)

Zone 2-1 (mixtite)

Zone 2-2 (diamictite)


Sample Number 19868 19869 19870 19871 19871 D

Paste pH 9.5 9.4 9.0 9.0 9.0

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) <0.01 0.04 1.16 0.01 0.01


Neutralization Potential (NP) 11 9.33 15 14 13

Nett Neutralization Potential (NNP) 10 8.08 -21 13 13

Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR) (NP : AP) 35 7.46 0.426 44 42

Rock Type III III I III III


WATERLAB (PTY) LTD






Page 2 of 5





Zone 2-4 (schist)

Zone 2-5 (gneiss)


Zone 2-7 (alaskite)

Sample Number 19872 19873 19874 19875 19876

Paste pH 8.8 7.1 8.3 7.9 9.3

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) <0.01 2.5 1.8 3.1 <0.01


Neutralization Potential (NP) 3.20 2.61 9.33 5.65 5.89

Nett Neutralization Potential (NNP) 2.88 -76 -47 -91 5.58

Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR) (NP : AP) 10 0.033 0.166 0.058 19

Rock Type III I I I III



Zone 1 – SEM

(pulverised)

Zone 2 – SEM

(pulverised)

Composite SEM

Zone 1+2

Sample Number 19877 19878 19879

Paste pH 8.5 8.2 9.0

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) 0.44 1.17 0.09

Acid Potential (AP) (kg/t) 13.75 36.56 2.81

Neutralization Potential (NP) 32 4.68 9.08

Nett Neutralization Potential (NNP) 19 -32 6.27

Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR) (NP : AP) 2.35 0.128 3.23

Rock Type II I III

* Negative NP values are obtained when the volume of NaOH (0.1N) titrated (pH: 8.3) is greater than the volume of HCl (1N) to reduce the pH of the sample to 2.0 – 2.5 Any negative NP values are corrected to 0.00.

Please refer to Appendix (p.3) for a Terminology of terms and guidelines for rock classification


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APPENDIX: TERMINOLOGY AND ROCK CLASSIFICATION

TERMINOLOGY (SYNONYMS)

Acid Potential (AP) ; Synonyms: Maximum Potential Acidity (MPA)

Method: Total S(%) (Leco Analyzer) x 31.25

Neutralization Potential (NP) ; Synonyms: Gross Neutralization Potential (GNP) ; Syn: Acid Neutralization Capacity

(ANC) (The capacity of a sample to consume acid) Method: Fizz Test ; Acid-Base Titration (Sobek & Modified Sobek (Lawrence) Methods)

Nett Neutralization Potential (NNP) ; Synonyms: Nett Acid Production Potential (NAPP) Calculation: NNP = NP – AP ; NAPP = ANC – MPA

Neutralising Potential Ratio (NPR) Calculation: NPR = NP : AP

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO NETT NEUTRALISING POTENTIAL (NNP)

If NNP (NP – AP) < 0, the sample has the potential to generate acid If NNP (NP – AP) > 0, the sample has the potential to neutralise acid produced Any sample with NNP < 20 is potentiall acid-generating, and any sample with NNP > -20 might not generate acid (Usher et al., 2003) ROCK CLASSIFICATION

TYPE I Potentially Acid Forming Total S(%) > 0.25% and NP:AP ratio 1:1 or less

TYPE II Intermediate Total S(%) > 0.25% and NP:AP ratio 1:3 or less

TYPE III Non-Acid Forming Total S(%) < 0.25% and NP:AP ratio 1:3 or greater


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CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO NEUTRALISING POTENTIAL RATIO (NPR)

Guidelines for screening criteria based on ABA (Price et al., 1997 ; Usher et al., 2003)

Potential for ARD Initial NPR Screening

Criteria Comments

Likely < 1:1 Likely AMD generating

Possibly 1:1 – 2:1 Possibly AMD generating if NP is insufficiently reactive or is depleted at

a faster rate than sulphides

Low 2:1 – 4:1 Not potentially AMD generating unless significant preferential exposure

of sulphides along fracture planes, or extremely reactive sulphides in

combination with insufficiently reactive NP

None >4:1 No further AMD testing required unless materials are to be used as a

source of alkalinity

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO SULPHUR CONTENT (%S) AND NEUTRALISING POTENTIAL RATIO (NPR)

For sustainable long-term acid generation, at least 0.3% Sulphide-S is needed. Values below this can yield acidity but it is likely to be only of short-term significance. From these facts, and using the NPR values, a number of rules can be derived: 1) Samples with less than 0.3% Sulphide-S are regarded as having insufficient oxidisable Sulphide-S to sustain acid

generation. 2) NPR ratios of >4:1 are considered to have enough neutralising capacity. 3) NPR ratios of 3:1 to 1:1 are consider inconclusive. 4) NPR ratios below 1:1 with Sulphide-S above 3% are potentially acid-generating. (Soregaroli & Lawrence, 1998 ;

Usher et al., 2003)


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REFERENCES

LAWRENCE, R.W. & WANG, Y. 1997. Determination of Neutralization Potential in the Prediction of Acid Rock Drainage. Proc. 4

th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage. Vancouver. BC. pp. 449 – 464.

PRICE, W.A., MORIN, K. & HUTT, N. 1997. Guidelines for the prediction of Acid Rock Drainage and Metal leaching for mines in British Columbia : Part 11. Recommended procedures for static and kinetic testing. In: Proceedings of the

Fourth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage. Vol 1. May 31 – June 6. Vancouver, BC., pp. 15 – 30. SOBEK, A.A., SCHULLER, W.A., FREEMAN, J.R. & SMITH, R.M. 1978. Field and laboratory methods applicable to overburdens and minesoils. EPA-600/2-78-054. USEPA. Cincinnati. Ohio.

SOREGAROLI, B.A. & LAWRENCE, R.W. 1998. Update on waste Characterisation Studies. Proc. Mine Design, Operations and Closure Conference. Polson, Montana. USHER, B.H., CRUYWAGEN, L-M., DE NECKER, E. & HODGSON, F.D.I. 2003. Acid-Base : Accounting, Techniques and Evaluation (ABATE): Recommended Methods for Conducting and Interpreting Analytical Geochemical Assessments at Opencast Collieries in South Africa. Water Research Commission Report No 1055/2/03. Pretoria.

ENVIRONMENT AUSTRALIA. 1997. Managing Sulphidic Mine Wastes and Acid Drainage.


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CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSES SULPHUR SPECIATION

Methods from: Prediction Manual For Drainage Chemistry from Sulphidic Geological Materials MEND Report 1.20.1




Page 1 of 2


Sulphur Speciation*



Zone 1-2 (calcsilicate)

Zone 1-3 (gneiss)

Zone 1-4 (schist)

Zone 1-5 (alaskite)

Sample Number 19863 19864 19865 19866 19867

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) <0.01 <0.01 0.07 1.34 <0.01

Sulphate Sulphur as S (%)

<0.01 <0.01 0.04 0.11 <0.01

Sulphide Sulphur (%)

<0.01 <0.01 0.03 1.23 <0.01

Sulphur Speciation*


Zone 1-6 (mixtite)


Zone 2-1 (mixtite)



Sample Number 19868 19869 19870 19871 19871 D

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) <0.01 0.04 1.16 0.01 0.01


<0.01 0.04 0.28 0.01 0.01


<0.01 <0.01 0.88 <0.01 <0.01

Sulphur Speciation*



Zone 2-4 (schist)

Zone 2-5 (gneiss)


Zone 2-7 (alaskite)

Sample Number 19872 19873 19874 19875 19876

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) <0.01 2.5 1.8 3.1 <0.01


<0.01 0.28 0.29 0.32 <0.01


<0.01 2.22 1.51 2.78 <0.01


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CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSES SULPHUR SPECIATION

Methods from: Prediction Manual For Drainage Chemistry from Sulphidic Geological Materials MEND Report 1.20.1




Page 2 of 2


Sulphur Speciation*


Zone 1 – SEM

(pulverised)

Zone 2 – SEM

(pulverised)

Composite SEM

Zone 1+2

Composite SEM

Zone 1+2

Sample Number 19877 19878 19879 19879 D

Total Sulphur (%) (LECO) 0.44 1.17 0.09 0.09


0.25 0.22 0.07 0.07


0.19 0.95 0.02 0.02

Notes:

Samples analysed with Pyrolysis at 550°C as per Prediction Manual For Drainage Chemistry from Sulphidic Geological Materials MEND Report 1.20.1. Multiply Sulphate Sulphur to calculate SO4 % by 2.996. Please see the method for interferences.

Organic Sulphur is not taken into account and may be included in the results.

Please let me know if results do not correspond to other data.


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CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSES X-RAY DIFFRACTION



E. Botha__________________ Geochemistry Project manager

The information contained in this report is relevant only to the sample/samples supplied to WATERLAB (Pty) Ltd. Any further use of the above information is not the responsibility or liability of WATERLAB (Pty) Ltd. Except for the full report, parts of this report may not be reproduced without written approval of WATERLAB (Pty) Ltd.

Page 1 of 5


Composition (%) [s] Zone 1-1

(quartzite) Zone 1-2

(calcsilicate) Zone 1-3 (gneiss)

19863 19864 19865

Mineral

Amount (weight %) Mineral

Amount

(weight %) Mineral

Amount (weight %)

Quartz 74.95 Quartz 10.54 Quartz 75.18

Calcite 0.38 Calcite 22.91 Calcite 0.04

Actinolite 10.91 Actinolite 0.45 Actinolite 0.16

Dolomite 0 Dolomite 1.9 Dolomite 0

Augite 3.74 Augite 10.79 Augite 0

Enstatite 0.17 Enstatite 4.49 Enstatite 0.45

Kaolinite 0.18 Kaolinite 0.37 Kaolinite 0.2

Smectite 0 Smectite 4.98 Smectite 0

Plagioclase 1.38 Plagioclase 17.16 Plagioclase 4.52

Microcline 7.96 Microcline 13.11 Microcline 11.45

Chlorite 0 Chlorite 2.47 Chlorite 0

Pyrite 0 Pyrite 0.28 Pyrite 0

Siderophyllite (Mica) 0.34 Siderophyllite (Mica) 10.53 Siderophyllite (Mica) 8

Composition (%) [s] Zone 1-4 (schist)

Zone 1-5 (alaskite)

Zone 1-6 (mixtite)

19866 19867 19868

Mineral


Amount

(weight %) Mineral

Amount (weight %)




Dolomite 0 Dolomite 7.23 Dolomite 0

Augite 0 Augite 0 Augite 0



Smectite 0 Smectite 0 Smectite 0



Chlorite 3.84 Chlorite 0 Chlorite 1.54

Pyrite 1.7 Pyrite 0 Pyrite 0

Siderophyllite (Mica) 17.15 Siderophyllite (Mica) 0.83 Siderophyllite (Mica) 9.95


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Page 2 of 5



(migmatite) Zone 2-1 (mixtite)


19869 19870 19871

Mineral


Amount

(weight %) Mineral

Amount (weight %)




Dolomite 1.15 Dolomite 1.31 Dolomite 1.99

Augite 0 Augite 0 Augite 0



Smectite 0 Smectite 0.93 Smectite 0.04



Chlorite 0.52 Chlorite 9.35 Chlorite 3.63

Pyrite 0 Pyrite 0.7 Pyrite 0



(quartzite) Zone 2-4 (schist)

Zone 2-5 (gneiss)

19872 19873 19874

Mineral


Amount

(weight %) Mineral

Amount (weight %)





Augite 0 Augite 2.81 Augite 0



Smectite 0 Smectite 0 Smectite 0



Chlorite 0 Chlorite 2.33 Chlorite 3.47

Pyrite 0 Pyrite 2.94 Pyrite 2.57



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Composition (%) [s]

Zone 2-6 (migmatite) Zone 2-7 (alaskite) Zone 1 - SEM (pulverised)

19875 19876 19877

Mineral


Amount

(weight %) Mineral

Amount (weight %)





Augite 0.9 Augite 0 Augite 2.86



Smectite 0.05 Smectite 0 Smectite 0



Chlorite 6.25 Chlorite 0 Chlorite 0

Pyrite 3.71 Pyrite 0 Pyrite 0

Siderophyllite (Mica) 27.93 Siderophyllite (Mica) 0 Siderophyllite (Mica) 3.13

Composition (%) [s]

Zone 2 - SEM (pulverised)

Composite SEM

Zone 1+2

19878 19879

Mineral


Amount

(weight %)

Quartz 69.11 Quartz 68.11

Calcite 0.06 Calcite 0.04

Actinolite 0.12 Actinolite 0.15

Dolomite 2 Dolomite 0.5

Augite 1.58 Augite 0

Enstatite 1.8 Enstatite 0.57

Kaolinite 0.76 Kaolinite 0.49

Smectite 0 Smectite 0

Plagioclase 13.82 Plagioclase 15.77

Microcline 6.08 Microcline 10.06

Chlorite 0 Chlorite 1.89

Pyrite 1.63 Pyrite 0

Siderophyllite (Mica) 3.04 Siderophyllite (Mica) 2.42


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Page 4 of 5


Position [°2θ] (Cobalt (Co))

10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Counts

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Waterlab_19863

Waterlab_19864

Waterlab_19865

Waterlab_19866

Waterlab_19867

Waterlab_19868

Waterlab_19869

Waterlab_19870

Waterlab_19871

Waterlab_19872

Waterlab_19873

Waterlab_19874

Waterlab_19875

Waterlab_19876

Waterlab_19877

Waterlab_19878

Waterlab_19879

Peak List Quartz low; O2 Si1 Calcite; C1 Ca1 O3 Actinolite; H1.92 Al0.194 Ca1.922 Fe1.54 K0.005 Mg3.348 Mn0.066 Na0.049 O24 Si7.888 Ti0.002 Dolomite; C2 Ca1 Mg1 O6 Augite; Al0.7 Ca1 Fe0.2 Mg0.6 O6 Si1.5 Enstatite, ferroan; Fe0.498 Mg1.502 O6 Si2 Kaolinite 2M; H4 Al2 O9 Si2 Montmorillonite; H1 Al2 Ca0.5 O12 Si4 Albite high; Al1 Na1 O8 Si3 Microcline (maximum); Al1 K0.96 Na0.04 O8 Si3 Clinochlore IIb-2; H8 Al2.651 Fe1.69 Mg2.96 O18 Si2.624 Pyrite; Fe1 S2 Siderophyllite 1M; H2 Al2.209 Fe2.301 K1 O12 Si2.49

[s] Results obtained from sub-contracted laboratory


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Page 5 of 5


Note:

The material was prepared for XRD analysis using a backloading preparation method.

It was analysed with a PANalytical Aeris diffractometer with PIXcel detector and fixed slits with Fe filtered Co-Kα radiation.

The phases were identified using X’Pert Highscore plus software.

The relative phase amounts (weight %) were estimated using the Rietveld method.

Comment:

In case the results do not correspond to results of other analytical techniques, please let me know for further fine

tuning of XRD.

Mineral names may not reflect the actual compositions of minerals identified, but rather the mineral group. Mineral

compositions may have to be confirmed.

Due to preferred orientation and crystallite size effects, results may not be as accurate as shown in the table. Mica

may be underestimated.

Traces of additional phases may be present.

Amorphous phases, if present, were not taken into consideration during quantification

Ideal Mineral compositions: Calcite CaCO3 Dolomite Ca Mg (C O3)2 Kaolinite Al2 Si2 O5 (OH)4 Microcline K Al Si3 O8 Actinolite Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 Pyrite FeS2 Quartz SiO2 Siderophyllite KFe++2Al(Al2Si2)O10(F,OH)2 Augite (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6 Plagioclase (Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8 Smectite (Na,Ca)0,3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2•n(H2O) (Montmorillonite) Enstatite (Mg,Fe)SiO3 Chlorite (Mg,Fe)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8


Project number: 139 Report number: 71391a


Adress: Block 7, Fourways Manor Office Park, Fourways, Email: [email protected]

Johannesburg, 2060 Cell: ---



Distilled Water 250 1000 4

Sample Id Sample Number Bi Bi Ga Ga Hg Hg


Det Limit <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.001 <0.004 0.001 0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.001 <0.004 0.001 0.004 0.005 0.019

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 0.002 0.010

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.001 <0.004 0.006 0.025 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.001 <0.004 0.003 0.014 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.001 <0.004 0.003 0.012 0.002 0.009

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.001 <0.004 0.005 0.020 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.001 <0.004 0.003 0.012 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 0.008 0.030

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 0.004 0.018

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 0.002 0.008

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.001 <0.004 0.001 0.006 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Sample Id Sample Number Rb Rb Ti Ti U U


Det Limit <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 1-1 19863 0.009 0.037 <0.001 <0.004 0.002 0.006

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004 0.003 0.013

Zone 1-3 19865 0.006 0.026 <0.001 <0.004 0.001 0.005

Zone 1-4 19866 0.011 0.045 <0.001 <0.004 0.002 0.008

Zone 1-5 19867 0.008 0.034 <0.001 <0.004 0.009 0.037

Zone 1-6 19868 0.049 0.195 <0.001 <0.004 0.041 0.165

Zone 1-7 19869 0.024 0.096 <0.001 <0.004 0.002 0.010

Zone 2-1 19870 0.018 0.071 <0.001 <0.004 0.003 0.012

Zone 2-2 19871 0.039 0.157 <0.001 <0.004 0.019 0.078

Zone 2-3 19872 0.025 0.101 <0.001 <0.004 0.054 0.218

Zone 2-4 19873 0.001 0.004 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 2-5 19874 0.003 0.012 <0.001 <0.004 0.001 0.005

Zone 2-6 19875 0.006 0.026 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004

Zone 2-7 19876 0.005 0.019 <0.001 <0.004 0.022 0.089

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.093 0.372 <0.001 <0.004 0.002 0.008

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.067 0.267 <0.001 <0.004 <0.001 <0.004


ICP-MS QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS











Det Limit <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.100 0.111 0.444 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.100 0.658 2.63 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.100 0.459 1.84 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.025 <0.100 11 44 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.100 4.08 16 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.100 5.07 20 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.100 6.06 24 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.100 1.99 7.96 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.100 0.127 0.508 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.100 0.509 2.04 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.100 1.63 6.54 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.100 0.206 0.824 <0.010 <0.040



Det Limit <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 <1 <4

Zone 1-1 19863 0.035 0.140 <0.025 <0.100 11 44

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 6 24

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 3 12

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 44 176

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 15 60

Zone 1-6 19868 0.123 0.492 <0.025 <0.100 9 36

Zone 1-7 19869 0.046 0.184 <0.025 <0.100 4 16

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 6 24

Zone 2-2 19871 0.056 0.224 <0.025 <0.100 10 40

Zone 2-3 19872 0.025 0.100 <0.025 <0.100 7 28

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 1 4

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 9 36

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 8 32

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 1 4

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 31 124

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 15 60



Det Limit <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100





Det Limit <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.5 <2.0

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 14.7 59

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <0.040 0.109 0.436 14.7 59

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <0.040 0.609 2.44 9.5 38

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 13.3 53

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <0.040 0.154 0.616 10.1 41

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <0.040 12 48 10.4 42

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <0.040 4.40 18 9.7 39

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <0.040 7.40 30 5.6 22

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <0.040 6.93 28 9.6 38

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <0.040 1.78 7.13 4.2 16.7

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <0.040 0.071 0.284 3.0 12.0

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <0.040 0.208 0.832 6.1 25

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 9.5 38

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <0.040 0.788 3.15 4.9 20

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <0.040 0.030 0.120 58 232

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <0.040 0.026 0.104 39 156



Det Limit <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 1 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 2 8 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 3 12 0.038 0.152 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 1 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 10 40 0.468 1.87 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-7 19869 4 16 0.136 0.544 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 4 16 0.128 0.512 0.029 0.116

Zone 2-2 19871 4 16 0.266 1.06 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <1 <4 0.150 0.600 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 0.077 0.308

Zone 2-5 19874 2 8 <0.025 <0.100 0.541 2.16

Zone 2-6 19875 2 8 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <1 <4 0.038 0.152 0.032 0.128

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 6 24 <0.025 <0.100 0.032 0.128

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 3 12 <0.025 <0.100 0.062 0.248

Sample Id Sample number Na Na Ni Ni Sb Sb


Det Limit <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-1 19863 50 200 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-2 19864 197 788 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-3 19865 31 124 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-4 19866 62 248 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-5 19867 25 100 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-6 19868 63 252 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-7 19869 37 148 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-1 19870 48 192 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-2 19871 18 72 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-3 19872 10 40 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-4 19873 55 220 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-5 19874 75 300 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-6 19875 69 276 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-7 19876 64 256 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 62 248 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 55 220 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Sample Id Sample number Se Se Sr Sr V V


Det Limit <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <0.040 0.100 0.400 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <0.040 0.063 0.252 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <0.040 0.073 0.292 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <0.040 0.034 0.136 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <0.040 0.028 0.112 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <0.040 0.033 0.132 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <0.040 0.032 0.128 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <0.040 0.030 0.120 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <0.040 0.040 0.160 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 0.027 0.108

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <0.040 0.109 0.436 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <0.040 0.046 0.184 <0.025 <0.100

Sample Id Sample number Zn Zn

mg/l mg/kg

Det Limit <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 0.066 0.264

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.100











Det Limit <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.100 0.111 0.444 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.100 0.658 2.63 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.100 0.459 1.84 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.025 <0.100 11 44 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.100 4.08 16 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.100 5.07 20 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.100 6.06 24 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.100 1.99 7.96 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.100 0.127 0.508 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.100 0.509 2.04 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.100 1.63 6.54 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.100 <0.100 <0.400 <0.010 <0.040

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.100 0.206 0.824 <0.010 <0.040



Det Limit <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 <1 <4

Zone 1-1 19863 0.035 0.140 <0.025 <0.100 11 44

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 6 24

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 3 12

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 44 176

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 15 60

Zone 1-6 19868 0.123 0.492 <0.025 <0.100 9 36

Zone 1-7 19869 0.046 0.184 <0.025 <0.100 4 16

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 6 24

Zone 2-2 19871 0.056 0.224 <0.025 <0.100 10 40

Zone 2-3 19872 0.025 0.100 <0.025 <0.100 7 28

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 1 4

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 9 36

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 8 32

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 1 4

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 31 124

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100 15 60



Det Limit <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.003 <0.012 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100





Det Limit <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.5 <2.0

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 14.7 59

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <0.040 0.109 0.436 14.7 59

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <0.040 0.609 2.44 9.5 38

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 13.3 53

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <0.040 0.154 0.616 10.1 41

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <0.040 12 48 10.4 42

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <0.040 4.40 18 9.7 39

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <0.040 7.40 30 5.6 22

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <0.040 6.93 28 9.6 38

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <0.040 1.78 7.13 4.2 16.7

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <0.040 0.071 0.284 3.0 12.0

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <0.040 0.208 0.832 6.1 25

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 9.5 38

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <0.040 0.788 3.15 4.9 20

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <0.040 0.030 0.120 58 232

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <0.040 0.026 0.104 39 156



Det Limit <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 1 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 2 8 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 3 12 0.038 0.152 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 1 4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 10 40 0.468 1.87 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-7 19869 4 16 0.136 0.544 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 4 16 0.128 0.512 0.029 0.116

Zone 2-2 19871 4 16 0.266 1.06 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <1 <4 0.150 0.600 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 0.077 0.308

Zone 2-5 19874 2 8 <0.025 <0.100 0.541 2.16

Zone 2-6 19875 2 8 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <1 <4 0.038 0.152 0.032 0.128

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 6 24 <0.025 <0.100 0.032 0.128

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 3 12 <0.025 <0.100 0.062 0.248

Sample Id Sample number Na Na Ni Ni Sb Sb


Det Limit <1 <4 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-1 19863 50 200 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-2 19864 197 788 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-3 19865 31 124 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-4 19866 62 248 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-5 19867 25 100 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-6 19868 63 252 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1-7 19869 37 148 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-1 19870 48 192 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-2 19871 18 72 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-3 19872 10 40 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-4 19873 55 220 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-5 19874 75 300 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-6 19875 69 276 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2-7 19876 64 256 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 62 248 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 55 220 <0.025 <0.100 <0.020 <0.080

Sample Id Sample number Se Se Sr Sr V V


Det Limit <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <0.040 0.100 0.400 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <0.040 0.063 0.252 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <0.040 0.073 0.292 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <0.040 0.034 0.136 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <0.040 0.028 0.112 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <0.040 0.033 0.132 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <0.040 0.032 0.128 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <0.040 0.030 0.120 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <0.040 0.040 0.160 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <0.040 <0.025 <0.100 0.027 0.108

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <0.040 0.109 0.436 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <0.040 0.046 0.184 <0.025 <0.100

Sample Id Sample number Zn Zn

mg/l mg/kg

Det Limit <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1-6 19868 0.066 0.264

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.025 <0.100

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.025 <0.100

WATERLAB (PTY) LTD


TCLP / ACID RAIN / DISTILLED WATER EXTRACTIONS


Project number: 139 Report number: 71391a Order number: AF0452



Telephone: 011 467 0945 Cell: +27 84 418 2175

Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C




Chloride as Cl 39 156 225 900 12 48 38 152 19 76

Sulphate as SO4 87 348 116 464 30 120 208 832 70 280

Nitrate as N 0.3 1.2 8.6 34 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4

Fluoride as F <0.2 <0.8 0.4 1.6 0.5 2.0 1.2 4.8 0.4 1.6

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C



Total Dissolved Solids* 229 916 155 620 175 700 94 376 60 240 * TDS calculated using EC x6.7, due to turbidity in the sample.

Chloride as Cl 20 80 12 48 18 72 9 36 8 32

Sulphate as SO4 56 224 34 136 43 172 13 52 7 28

Nitrate as N <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4

Fluoride as F 2.1 8.4 0.4 1.6 2.7 10.8 1.3 5.2 0.3 1.2

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C




Chloride as Cl 13 52 19 76 16 64 22 88 45 180

Sulphate as SO4 123 492 117 468 131 524 31 124 215 860

Nitrate as N <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4 <0.1 <0.4 0.3 1.2 0.5 2.0

Fluoride as F 1.5 6.0 1.9 7.6 1.1 4.4 0.9 3.6 1.7 6.8

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


Sample Number


Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

pH Value at 25˚C


Inorganic Anions mg/ℓ mg/kg

Total Dissolved Solids at 180 ˚C 364 1456

Chloride as Cl 19 76

Sulphate as SO4 146 584

Nitrate as N <0.1 <0.4

Fluoride as F 2.7 10.8

ICP-OES Quant

ICP-MS Quant


Sulphur Speciation


[s]=subcontracted

E. Botha__________________



See attached report SS See attached report SS See attached report SS

See attached report XRD

See attached report SS

See attached report ABA

See tab ICP-MS DW

See tab ICP-OES DW



34.7 47.3

(quartzite)



19872

Zone 2-4

(schist)

19873

Zone 2-5

(gneiss)

19874

Zone 2-6

54.8

8.0

1000

250

See attached report XRD



See tab ICP-MS DW

Analyses

Distilled Water

Zone 2 - SEM

(pulverised)

19878

See attached report XRD See attached report XRD See attached report XRD See attached report XRD

45.4 34.8 76.4

7.1 8.3 8.1 9.2 7.9

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Distilled Water

250 250 250 250 250

Analyses


(migmatite)

19875

Zone 2-7

(alaskite)

19876

Zone 1 - SEM

(pulverised)

19877





34.2 23.2 26.1 14.0 9.0

9.2 8.7 8.6 8.7 8.4

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Distilled Water

250 250 250 250 250

Analyses


19868 19869 19870 19871

Zone 1-6

(mixtite)

Zone 1-7

(migmatite)

Zone 2-1

(mixtite)

Zone 2-2

(diamictite)

Zone 2-3



See tab ICP-MS DW

40.1 116 21.4 64.8 27.6


1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

8.1 8.5 8.2 7.8 7.7

Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water Distilled Water

250 250 250 250 250

(alaskite)

19863 19864 19865 19866 19867

(schist)Analyses

(quartzite) (calcsilicate)


(gneiss)

Zone 1-4 Zone 1-5

23B De Havilland Crescent Persequor Techno Park,

Meiring Naudé Road, Pretoria P.O. Box 283, 0020








HNO3 : HF 0.25 100 400

Sample Id Sample Number Ag Ag Al Al As As


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.100 <40 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 67 26800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 67 26800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 108 43200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 168 67200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 168 67200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 119 47600 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 125 50000 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 0.017 6.80 141 56400 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 116 46400 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 44 17600 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 167 66800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 242 96800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 159 63600 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 0.013 5.20 120 48000 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 133 53200 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 151 60400 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 140 56000 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Au Au B B Ba Ba


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.90 760

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.706 282

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.98 791

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.45 580

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 2.98 1193

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.14 457

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.26 504

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.958 383

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 2.62 1049

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.704 282

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.07 428

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.53 613

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.699 280

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.271 108

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.66 662

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.21 484

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.44 575

Sample Id Sample Number Be Be Bi Bi Ca Ca


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.012 4.80 112 44800

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 158 63200

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 10 4000

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 34 13600

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 5 2000

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 44 17600

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 40 16000

Zone 2-1 19870 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00 56 22400

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 32 12800

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 4 1600

Zone 2-4 19873 0.015 6.00 <0.010 <4.00 4 1600

Zone 2-5 19874 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 13 5200

Zone 2-6 19875 0.017 6.80 <0.010 <4.00 6 2400

Zone 2-7 19876 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 81 32400

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.016 6.40 <0.010 <4.00 18 7200

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 31 12400


ICP-MS SCAN ANALYSIS

Sample Id Sample Number Cd Cd Ce Ce Co Co


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.040 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 0.025 10 0.025 10

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.045 18 0.018 7.20

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 0.102 41 0.060 24

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 0.134 54 0.020 8.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 0.111 44 0.027 11

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.090 36 0.044 18

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 0.081 32 0.016 6.40

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.044 18

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.041 16

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 0.053 21

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.018 7.20 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 0.092 37 0.021 8.40

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 0.019 7.60 0.027 11

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 0.049 20 0.017 6.80

Sample Id Sample Number Cr Cr Cs Cs Cu Cu


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 0.034 14 <0.010 <4.00 0.110 44

Zone 1-2 19864 0.056 22 0.029 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 0.101 40 0.014 5.60 0.201 80

Zone 1-4 19866 0.206 82 0.030 12 0.290 116

Zone 1-5 19867 0.025 10 0.011 4.40 0.013 5.20

Zone 1-6 19868 0.124 50 0.023 9.20 0.010 4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.118 47 0.024 10 0.047 19

Zone 2-1 19870 0.106 42 0.015 6.00 0.223 89

Zone 2-2 19871 0.076 30 0.015 6.00 0.014 5.60

Zone 2-3 19872 0.017 6.80 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 0.144 58 0.027 11 0.115 46

Zone 2-5 19874 0.194 78 0.060 24 0.109 44

Zone 2-6 19875 0.148 59 0.038 15 0.152 61

Zone 2-7 19876 0.048 19 0.019 7.60 0.018 7.20

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.091 36 0.022 8.80 0.076 30

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.112 45 0.026 10 0.079 32

Composite SEM 19879 0.085 34 0.015 6.00 0.013 5.20

Sample Id Sample Number Dy Dy Er Er Eu Eu


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Fe Fe Ga Ga Gd Gd


Det Limit <0.025 <10 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 24 9600 0.398 159 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 44 17600 0.134 54 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 53 21200 0.352 141 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 135 54000 0.329 132 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 21 8400 0.617 247 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 67 26800 0.257 103 0.010 4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 77 30800 0.248 99 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 116 46400 0.205 82 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 61 24400 0.534 214 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 11 4400 0.139 56 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 106 42400 0.280 112 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 122 48800 0.337 135 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 139 55600 0.171 68 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 30 12000 0.075 30 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 62 24800 0.306 122 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 83 33200 0.283 113 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 56 22400 0.277 111 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Ge Ge Hf Hf Hg Hg


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.012 4.80 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 0.014 5.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.055 22 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Ho Ho In In Ir Ir


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number K K La La Li Li


Det Limit <0.5 <200 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 76 30400 0.018 7.20 0.016 6.40

Zone 1-2 19864 51 20400 0.011 4.40 0.086 34

Zone 1-3 19865 99 39600 0.019 7.60 0.059 24

Zone 1-4 19866 80 32000 0.047 19 0.121 48

Zone 1-5 19867 195 78000 <0.010 <4.00 0.015 6.00

Zone 1-6 19868 47 18800 0.059 24 0.075 30

Zone 1-7 19869 50 20000 0.050 20 0.098 39

Zone 2-1 19870 55 22000 0.040 16 0.152 61

Zone 2-2 19871 60 24000 0.036 14 0.112 45

Zone 2-3 19872 58 23200 <0.010 <4.00 0.017 6.80

Zone 2-4 19873 98 39200 <0.010 <4.00 0.180 72

Zone 2-5 19874 113 45200 <0.010 <4.00 0.268 107

Zone 2-6 19875 100 40000 <0.010 <4.00 0.129 52

Zone 2-7 19876 53 21200 <0.010 <4.00 0.056 22

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 86 34400 0.040 16 0.067 27

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 86 34400 <0.010 <4.00 0.136 54

Composite SEM 19879 88 35200 0.017 6.80 0.079 32

Sample Id Sample Number Lu Lu Mg Mg Mn Mn


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400 <0.025 <10

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 53 21200 1.46 584

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 105 42000 3.14 1258

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 18 7200 0.919 368

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 42 16800 1.72 689

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 4 1600 0.413 165

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 43 17200 2.16 865

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 50 20000 2.13 850

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 32 12800 1.53 613

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 20 8000 1.26 502

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400 0.244 98

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 15 6000 1.64 656

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 25 10000 1.44 576

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 31 12400 2.52 1009

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 14 5600 0.576 230

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 44 17600 1.58 634

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 21 8400 1.46 585

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 26 10400 1.40 560

Sample Id Sample Number Mo Mo Na Na Nb Nb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <1 <400 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 5 2000 0.011 4.40

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 12 4800 0.034 14

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 20 8000 0.056 22

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 39 15600 0.055 22

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 30 12000 0.027 11

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 25 10000 0.051 20

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600 0.038 15

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 29 11600 0.048 19

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600 0.024 10

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 17 6800 0.016 6.40

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 24 9600 0.030 12

Zone 2-5 19874 0.010 4.00 27 10800 0.023 9.20

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 30 12000 0.030 12

Zone 2-7 19876 0.013 5.20 47 18800 0.062 25

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 26 10400 0.032 13

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 29 11600 0.037 15

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 31 12400 0.043 17

Sample Id Sample Number Nd Nd Ni Ni Os Os


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 0.019 7.60 0.014 5.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 0.010 4.00 0.040 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 0.018 7.20 0.048 19 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 0.045 18 0.125 50 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 0.014 5.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 0.055 22 0.035 14 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.050 20 0.056 22 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 0.040 16 0.063 25 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 0.035 14 0.039 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 0.075 30 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 0.081 32 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 0.138 55 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.037 15 0.042 17 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 0.059 24 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 0.019 7.60 0.030 12 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number P P Pb Pb Pd Pd


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 4.90 1958 0.065 26 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 5.34 2138 0.019 7.60 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 5.50 2198 0.091 36 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 4.00 1602 0.071 28 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 5.11 2045 0.121 48 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 6.59 2637 0.026 10 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 6.05 2420 0.032 13 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 5.23 2090 0.026 10 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 5.99 2397 0.045 18 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 6.40 2559 0.041 16 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 3.61 1445 0.154 62 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 3.54 1418 0.111 44 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 5.21 2083 0.079 32 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 6.97 2788 0.095 38 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 6.64 2657 0.067 27 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 6.21 2485 0.089 36 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 6.21 2483 0.066 26 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Pr Pr Pt Pt Rb Rb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.464 186

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.310 124

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.494 198

Zone 1-4 19866 0.011 4.40 <0.010 <4.00 0.661 264

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1.11 444

Zone 1-6 19868 0.015 6.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.656 262

Zone 1-7 19869 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00 0.536 214

Zone 2-1 19870 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.593 237

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.492 197

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.272 109

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.207 83

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.368 147

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.226 90

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.351 140

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.483 193

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.242 97

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.457 183

Sample Id Sample Number Rh Rh Ru Ru Sb Sb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Sc Sc Se Se Si Si


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.2 <80

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 865 346000

Zone 1-2 19864 0.022 8.80 <0.010 <4.00 444 177600

Zone 1-3 19865 0.023 9.20 <0.010 <4.00 844 337600

Zone 1-4 19866 0.041 16 <0.010 <4.00 688 275200

Zone 1-5 19867 0.016 6.40 <0.010 <4.00 815 326000

Zone 1-6 19868 0.025 10 <0.010 <4.00 811 324400

Zone 1-7 19869 0.025 10 <0.010 <4.00 824 329600

Zone 2-1 19870 0.044 18 <0.010 <4.00 689 275600

Zone 2-2 19871 0.015 6.00 <0.010 <4.00 837 334800

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 1051 420400

Zone 2-4 19873 0.019 7.60 0.043 17 626 250400

Zone 2-5 19874 0.049 20 <0.010 <4.00 576 230400

Zone 2-6 19875 0.031 12 <0.010 <4.00 580 232000

Zone 2-7 19876 0.020 8.00 0.043 17 880 352000

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.024 9.60 <0.010 <4.00 711 284400

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.027 11 <0.010 <4.00 714 285600

Composite SEM 19879 0.010 4.00 0.016 6.40 851 340400

Sample Id Sample Number Sm Sm Sn Sn Sr Sr


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.298 119

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.279 112

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.174 70

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.363 145

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.274 110

Zone 1-6 19868 0.012 4.80 <0.010 <4.00 0.178 71

Zone 1-7 19869 0.010 4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.166 66

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.196 78

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.180 72

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.073 29

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.187 75

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.255 102

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.149 60

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.168 67

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.265 106

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.175 70

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 0.221 88

Sample Id Sample Number Ta Ta Tb Tb Te Te


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 0.013 5.20 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Th Th Ti Ti Tl Tl


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 2.02 807 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 7.18 2873 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 0.017 6.80 6.25 2500 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 0.016 6.40 12 4800 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 1.62 646 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 0.023 9.20 8.65 3460 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 0.018 7.20 8.21 3283 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 0.026 10 9.18 3672 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 0.013 5.20 5.67 2270 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 0.949 380 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 6.30 2518 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 5.57 2228 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 7.19 2876 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 0.155 62 3.82 1528 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.020 8.00 5.81 2322 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.016 6.40 6.16 2464 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 0.028 11 6.35 2540 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Tm Tm V V


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.029 12

Zone 1-2 19864 <0.010 <4.00 0.107 43

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.118 47

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 0.270 108

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 0.028 11

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 0.163 65

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 0.158 63

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.244 98

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 0.108 43

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 0.024 10

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 0.230 92

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 0.324 130

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 0.230 92

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.144 58

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 0.124 50

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 0.215 86

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 0.115 46

Sample Id Sample Number W W Y Y Yb Yb


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 <0.010 <4.00 0.021 8.40 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-2 19864 0.020 8.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-3 19865 <0.010 <4.00 0.016 6.40 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-4 19866 <0.010 <4.00 0.029 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-5 19867 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-6 19868 <0.010 <4.00 0.046 18 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-7 19869 <0.010 <4.00 0.044 18 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-1 19870 <0.010 <4.00 0.029 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-2 19871 <0.010 <4.00 0.031 12 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-3 19872 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-4 19873 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-5 19874 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-6 19875 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2-7 19876 <0.010 <4.00 0.012 4.80 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 <0.010 <4.00 0.025 10 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Composite SEM 19879 <0.010 <4.00 0.017 6.80 <0.010 <4.00

Sample Id Sample Number Zn Zn Zr Zr


Det Limit <0.010 <4.00 <0.010 <4.00

Zone 1-1 19863 0.110 44 0.090 36

Zone 1-2 19864 0.305 122 0.051 20

Zone 1-3 19865 0.274 110 0.290 116

Zone 1-4 19866 0.249 100 0.335 134

Zone 1-5 19867 0.058 23 0.092 37

Zone 1-6 19868 0.163 65 0.291 116

Zone 1-7 19869 0.148 59 0.260 104

Zone 2-1 19870 0.189 76 0.229 92

Zone 2-2 19871 0.161 64 0.225 90

Zone 2-3 19872 0.064 26 0.093 37

Zone 2-4 19873 0.152 61 0.410 164

Zone 2-5 19874 0.204 82 0.299 120

Zone 2-6 19875 0.133 53 0.140 56

Zone 2-7 19876 0.021 8.40 0.940 376

Zone 1 - SEM 19877 0.113 45 0.191 76

Zone 2 - SEM 19878 0.115 46 0.274 110

Composite SEM 19879 0.116 46 0.156 62

WATERLAB (PTY) LTD


TOTALS


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Sample Number

Digestion

Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

Units mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg

Uranium as U 0.009 3.60 0.013 5.20 0.013 5.20 0.012 4.80 0.019 7.60

ICP-MS Scan

Sample Number

Digestion

Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)


Uranium as U 0.011 4.40 0.009 3.60 0.012 4.80 0.007 2.80 0.016 6.40

ICP-MS Scan

Sample Number

Digestion

Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)


Uranium as U 0.010 4.00 0.008 3.20 0.006 2.40 0.242 97 0.014 5.60

ICP-MS Scan

Sample Number

Digestion

Dry Mass Used (g)

Volume Used (mℓ)

Units mg/ℓ mg/kg mg/ℓ mg/kg

Uranium as U 0.023 9.20 0.013 5.20

ICP-MS Scan

[s]=subcontracted

E. Botha__________________


See tab ICP-MS Digestion

100 100 100 100 100

0.25

See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion

100 100

0.25 0.25

HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF

19878 19879

0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

Analyses(pulverised) Zone 1+2

Zone 2 - SEM Composite SEM

See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion

HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF

(pulverised)

19873 19874 19875 19876 19877

Analyses(schist) (gneiss) (migmatite) (alaskite)

Zone 2-4 Zone 2-5 Zone 2-6 Zone 2-7

HNO3 : HF

0.25

Zone 1 - SEM

See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion

100 100 100 100 100

0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

Zone 1-6

HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF

Analyses(mixtite) (migmatite) (mixtite) (diamictite) (quartzite)

19868 19869 19870 19871 19872

Analyses(quartzite) (calcsilicate) (gneiss)


(alaskite)

1986719863 19864 19865

Zone 1-4 Zone 1-5


Zone 2-3

(schist)

19866

HNO3 : HF

0.25

100 100

See tab ICP-MS Digestion See tab ICP-MS Digestion

Zone 1-7


Zone 2-1

HNO3 : HF HNO3 : HF

0.25

HNO3 : HF

0.25 0.25


Zone 2-2

100100100




53

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Documents

HUSAB URANIUM MINE GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION · Husab Uranium Mine Geochemical Investigation SLR Project No: 7NA.19008.00058 Filename: 7NA.19008.00058-R01_Husab_Geochem_rev0_20180228