Hurricanes - Video

What Is A Hurricane?• intense tropical

cyclones with a maximum sustained speed 74mph

Where do they form?

• in the warm waters of the world• Atlantic Ocean hurricanes

affect us

What conditions must be present for a hurricane to form?

•Warm ocean temperatures (over 80˚ F) • Low pressure system • Rotation caused by winds and

Coriolis Effect

What weakens a hurricane?

• Strong vertical winds•Cold water•Movement over land•Friction•Lack of moisture

Physical Make-up

• They have a “eye” which may be well defined in stronger storms.

• The eye is a calmer region of the storm.

Hurricane Power• Hurricanes are ranked on a 1-5

scale called the Saffir-Simpson Scale.

Saffir-Simpson

Category Winds (MPH)

Pressure (Millibars)

Pressure(Inches)

Storm Surge(Feet)

Damage

1 74-95 <980 <28.94 4'-5' Minimal

2 96-110 979-965 28.91-28.50 6'-8' Moderate

3 111-130 964-945 28.47-27.91 9'-12' Extensive

4 131-155 944-920 27.88-27.17 13'-18' Extreme

5 >155 <920 <27.17 >18' Catastrophic

Hurricane Stages Foldable1. Tropical

WaveA low pressure system moving westward

with the trade winds.

2. Tropical Disturbance

An organized area of thunderstorms with rain and gusty winds that usually forms in

the tropics.

3. Tropical Cyclone

A generic term for any organized low pressure that develops over tropical waters.

4. Tropical Depression

An organized area of low pressure in which sustained winds are 38 mph or less.

5. Tropical Storm

A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained wind speeds that range from 39 to 73 mph.

6. Hurricane A tropical cyclone with sustained winds of at least 74 mph.

Compare the Following: What’s Different?

3 Danger from Hurricanes

• Winds• Flooding• Storm Surge

Storm Surge• Large wall or dome of water that rushes

into the coastline as a result of a hurricane making landfall

Storm Surge

THE WIND!

THE WIND!

• Flying objects in the wind can be very dangerous.• Video

During Which Month Do We Have The Largest Number Of Hurricanes?

• On the average, there are 10 named storms a year.

• September is the month with the most named storms.

The Great Atlantic Hurricane of 1944

• This storm had reported sustained winds of 134mph at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay

Hurricane Hazel in 1954

• Hurricane Hazel caused a great deal of damage to the Tidewater area with sustained winds in excess of 100mph.

Hurricane Camille in 1969• One of the Few

Category 5 storms to hit the US.

• 113 died in Virginia due to the heavy rains and flash floods.

• Richmond was flooded!

Hurricane Floyd in 1999• Hurricane

Floyd caused a great deal of flooding and power outages from fallen trees.• Notice the

rain bands.

Hurricane Katrina 2005

Hurricane Katrina • Damage: $81 billion total; $40.6 billion in insured

losses• Deaths (direct and indirect: 1,833 total; 1,577 in

Louisiana, 238 in Mississippi, 14 in Florida, two in Georgia, two in Alabama

• Winds: Maximum winds extended to a 25-30 mile radius; hurricane force winds extended 75 miles east of the center (on August 29)

• Storm Surge: Western Mississippi: 24-28 feet in a 20-mile wide swath centered on St. Louis Bay Eastern Mississippi: 17-22 feet

Tracking Hurricane Katrina

• http://www.csc.noaa.gov/hurricanes/#app=3d30&3e3d-selectedIndex=1

Hurricane Tracking

•What Two Things Will Kill Or Weaken A Hurricane?

• Think About The Things That Are Needed For A Hurricane To Form.

How are paths projected?

• Hurricane paths are drawn in a cone shape.

Projected Paths

• What things affect the path and strength of a hurricane?

1. Wind (Westerlies and Trade Winds)

2. Coriolis Effect3. Water Temperatures 4. Atmospheric Pressure

Projecting a Hurricane’s Paths

1. An analysis of atmospheric pressure and wind patterns is made around the location of the hurricane

2. The data is fed into various computer models

3. The track and speed is projected based on atmospheric conditions

Projecting a Hurricane’s Paths

• Higher pressure decreases wind speeds.

• Lower pressure increases wind speeds

• Higher pressure decreases the rising of moisture to create rain clouds

• Lower pressure increases the rising of moisture to create rain clouds

Winds

• Trade Winds and the Westerlies affect the directional path of hurricanes.

Now A Quick Review!

• A hurricane must have a sustained wind of at least ___ mph.• 74

#2

• Hurricanes are called _______ in the Eastern Pacific.• Typhoons

#3

• What is the name of the hurricane intensity scale?• Saffer-Simpson

#4

• What does a hurricane need to form?

• Warm water, Coriolis effect, wind and low pressure system

#5

• What will kill or weaken a hurricane?

Cold water and/or land

#6

• What month do the most hurricanes occur in?• September

#7

• What Category 5 hurricane is known as the most economically destructive

in our lifetime?• Katrina

#8

• Water temperature• Atmospheric pressure• Wind direction and speeds in the area the

hurricane is going• Coriolis Effect• Westerlies

• What conditions affect the path and strengthening of a hurricane?

#9

• Westerlies• Trade Winds

• What winds affect the paths of hurricanes?

#10

• High pressure

• What kind of atmospheric pressure slows down wind speeds and the rising of moisture to make rain clouds?

Storm Surge Demo

• http://eo.ucar.edu/kids/dangerwx/hurricane4.htm

Create Your Own Hurricane and Path• Take the map and draw your hurricane and its projected

path. (remember that the predicted path is a cone shape)

• List on the back:– Hurricane’s 6 stages of growth it went through– Hurricane’s Name– The conditions needed for it to strengthen and weaken– Why it will follow the path you drew. (Use words like: Coriolis

effect, Westerlies, Trade Winds, temperature of water, land masses, air masses, wind, barometric pressure, low pressure, high pressure)

Hurricane Facts Activity

Hurricane Facts Hurricane Tracking

Form in warm waters of the tropics

Projection is shown in a cone shape

Glue, Paste or Tape

• Your Hurricane Foldable• Your Hurricane Facts

Hurricane Sandy – October 2012

• http://exchange.smarttech.com/details.html?id=1af536d4-2a82-453a-be89-35cc630cd41b

• Let’s Track it:– http://

www.weather.com/weather/hurricanecentral/tracker/2012/sandy

Research Hurricane Sandy• Use your phones and my two computers to Research

Videos and Information about Hurricane Sandy• Here’s what you’re looking for and should write down

on your sheet:– Date it happened– Total cost of damage– Areas (states) affected– Wind speed– Category– Conditions that affected the directional path– Conditions that strengthened Hurricane Sandy– Conditions that weakened Hurricane Sandy– Any other interesting facts you find

Hurricane Conditions to Form

• Create a Hurricane

Other Things to Complete

• Hurricane Packet• Hurricane Winds• Hurricanes Quiz