Humanity in Medicine

8/12/2019 Humanity in Medicine

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Humanity in Medicine

Muhammad Asroruddin

Department of MedicineUNTAN

[email protected]://asroruddin.multiply.com



Introduction



Doctor as a Professional Patient as a Human

Competency

Accountability

Responsibility

Solidarity

Ethics

Altruism

Body

Mind

Spirit

Social

Culture





Outlines

What is humanity?

What is humanity in medicine/medical

humanity?

Why study medical humanity?

Mental Health

Qualities of Mind



Humanity

An ethical system which emphasizeshuman values and the personal worth of

each individual, as well as concern for thedignity and freedom of humankind(Webster’s dictionary)

Learning or literature concerned withhuman culture, especially literature,history, art, music, and philosophy

(Oxford dictionary)

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?ethical

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?system

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?human

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?values

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?worth

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?individual

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?well

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?freedom

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?freedom

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?well

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?individual

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?worth

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?values

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?human

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?system

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?ethical





Humanity in Medicine

Medicine seeks to understand what it is to behuman

The human is very complex and there areaspects of human that science cannot easilyreach

Medical humanities seek to bring other source of

human knowledge to medicine Obat berusaha untuk memahami apa artinya

menjadi manusiaManusia sangat kompleks dan ada aspek-aspek

ilmu pengetahuan manusia yang tidak dapatden an mudah menca ai



Subjects

Provide a distinct &complementary vision

of the human

Menyediakan visi

berbeda & saling

Provide a broaderunderstanding of

science itself

Memberikan

pemahaman yang



Subjects

Philosophy

Theology/Religion

Medical science &Medicine

Anthropology(Medical

Anthropology)

Sociology (SocialMedicine)

Biomedical Science

Biology

Psychology Economy,

Engineering, etc

Biometrics

Interdisciplinaryapproach/subject.



Social –Culture &

Behavior

1. - Anthropology

(Medical anthrop)- Sociology(Social Medicine)

2. - Emotion- Life style & risk- Interpersonalrelationship

- Professional Behavior

Philosophy, Religions, Law, Civics/Pancasila

Bioethics

1. Philosophy

2. Ethics in

Services

Research

Education

Business3. Professionalism

Law

1. Norms

2. Declarations

3. Laws/Acts

4. Regulations

Respect for differences and social sensitivity

Bioethics & Humanities

Inter Religions

Pancasila

State-philosophy

Inter-religions

Studies





Dalam kompleksitas keberadaankontemporer spesialis yang terlatih tapi

tidak berpendidikan, terampil secarateknis tapi budaya inkompetensi, adalahsebuah ancaman." (David Truman)

"Medical kemanusiaan adalah seperti jiwakurikulum medis, hanya bila ini diterapkanbahwa obat adalah animasi." (BorshenHsieh)



Backgrounds

Tremendous development of medicaltechnology in last few decades

Rapid progress in the pharmaceutical field, inmechanical devices and medical skills

Socialization of medical profession to public



Medical Humanity

Without medical humanity, medicine maylock itself in an ivory tower seeing a man

only from a narrow diagnostic-prognosticangle

Main concern of medicine used to behuman physical condition a person’s

illness was due to physical problem

BUT ...



Psycho

CulturalSocio

Bio

Human



Medical Humanity Concepts

Additive View

An essentially unchangedbiomedicine is softened in

practiced by sensitized

practitioner

Integrated View

Nature, goals, &knowledge base of clinicalmedicine itself are seen

as shaped by theunderstanding & relief of

human body suffering

Evans & Greaves, 1999



Doctor – Patient Relationship

New understanding has to be developedfrom a simple biomedical paradigm to

psychosomatic and then biopsychosocialemphasis (Michael Cheng-tek Tai)

Medicine has to pay attention from

present to future, from an individualpersonalism to a social-collectiveaccountability of medicine and to whole

human society (Bernard Haring)




Medicine treats not only disease but alsoillness of person medicine in 21st

century must be expanded from merely abiomedically-oriented science to a holisticbiopsychosocial emphasis (Robert Veatch)




Humanity in medicine might offer severalbenefits, including fostering clinician’s

ability to communicate with patients, topenetrate more deeply into the patient’swider narrative, and to seek more diverse

ways of promoting well being andreducing the impact of illness or disability(Tomorrow’s Doctors, GMC, 1993)



Purposes of Medical Humanity in

Medical Education To cultivate a holistic understanding of personhood To enable medical students to know human side of

medicine and the effect of environment and life-style on

health To provide students’ opportunities for continuing

reflections on themselves as they grow in medicalknowledge

To foster a sense of Medicine as vocation

To study ethical theories and their applications to theclinical decision-making To promote a consciousness of physicians social

responsibility



Medical Humanities



PROFESSIONALISM

COMPETENCE

KNOWLEDGE ANDSKILLS

PHYSICAL ANDMENTAL FITNESS

CONDUCT / ATTITUDE

EMPATHY

DUTY OF CARE COLLEGIAL

RESPONSIBILITY



Mental Health

“Health is a state of complete physical, mentaland social well-being and not merely the

absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 2001) UU Kesehatan No 23 Tahun 1992:

Sehat adalah suatu keadaan sejahtera badan, jiwa, dan sosial yang memungkinkan setiap

orang hidup produktif secara sosial danekonomi.



Mental Health

Mental health is an integral part of thisdefinition

Mental health : a state of well-being inwhich the individual realizes his or herown abilities, can cope with the normal

stresses of life, can work productively andfruitfully, and is able to make acontribution to his or her community



Mental Health

Mental health is more than the absence ofmental disorders

Mental health is determined by socio-economic and environmental factors

Mental health is linked to behavior

Humanity is needed even useful forpromoting and developing mental health



Qualities of Mind

The Five Qualities ofMind

(Donner Clauser)

Basic paradigm inmedicine

Critical thinking ability

Flexible perspectiveNon-dogmatic

Value-sensitive

Self awareness



Conclusion

Medical humanity covers a widespectrum of social sciences and

humanity



Conclusion

Medical humanity attempts to equipdoctors/students with a better

understanding of human being so as toproduce physicians of tomorrow who arenot only effective healers of diseases, but

also restorer of human wholeness (aperson of harmonious combination ofbody, mind and spirit) and promoter ofsocial justice.



Taiwanese Expression



“Where there is love formankind, there is the love for

the art of healing” (Hippocrates, 5th century B.C)



Medicine is Science & Art



References

1. Eubios Journal of Asian and InternationalBioethics 10 (2000)

2. British Medical Journal Volume 319(1999)

3. J Med Ethics 28:1-2 (2002)

4. Promoting Mental Health, WHO (2004)

5. UU Kesehatan No 23 Tahun 1992



[email protected]

http://asroruddin multiply com

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Humanity in Medicine