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HUMANITIES• Wednesday – Introduction to the Renaissance PowerPoint
• Thursday – Sub – reading activity
• Friday – Finish Renaissance notes – Renaissance visual arts and music examples
• Monday and Tuesday – Romeo and Juliet
• Wednesday – Library to type rough drafts (in the 21st as well for final drafts)
• Thursday – Discuss Romeo and Juliet – begin introduction to Baroque PowerPoint
• Friday – Baroque visual and music examples
• Monday – review Renaissance and Baroque visuals and music
• Tuesday – Renaissance and Baroque test
The Rise of HumanismThe Rise of Humanism
• The rediscovery of the culture of Ancient Greece & Rome.
• Belief that Man is the potential master of all things.
• Change of focus from the afterlife to the current life.
• Savonarola – “Bon-fire of the vanities”
• The rediscovery of the culture of Ancient Greece & Rome.
• Belief that Man is the potential master of all things.
• Change of focus from the afterlife to the current life.
• Savonarola – “Bon-fire of the vanities”
The Quest for VirtuThe Quest for Virtu
• Virtu ≠ Virtue• One who embraces skill in many fields,
exceptional intelligence, physical daring and courage, and whose actions display these characteristics
• “Renaissance Man”
• Virtu ≠ Virtue• One who embraces skill in many fields,
exceptional intelligence, physical daring and courage, and whose actions display these characteristics
• “Renaissance Man”
TechnologyTechnology
• 1440s – Moveable Type Printing– Decreased illiteracy – people read more than the Bible
• Gunpowder imported from China– End of Feudal Age.
• Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)– Improved Compass & Astrolabe
• All discoveries influence the arts – people experience exotic cultures and more freedom
• 1440s – Moveable Type Printing– Decreased illiteracy – people read more than the Bible
• Gunpowder imported from China– End of Feudal Age.
• Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)– Improved Compass & Astrolabe
• All discoveries influence the arts – people experience exotic cultures and more freedom
Martin Luther &The ReformationMartin Luther &The Reformation
• Catholic Priests sold indulgences to absolve people of sins.
• Luther believed that faith alone led to salvation.
• 95 theses on the door of Castle Church (Schlosskirche).
• Catholic Priests sold indulgences to absolve people of sins.
• Luther believed that faith alone led to salvation.
• 95 theses on the door of Castle Church (Schlosskirche).
The Great Artists of the Renaissance
The Great Artists of the Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
& Michelangelo
Leonardo da Vinci
& Michelangelo
Da Vinci (1452-1519)Da Vinci (1452-1519)
• 1 of 15 children – grew up in a 3 room farmhouse
• Illegitimate and uneducated• Taught himself to speak Latin and to
be ambidextrous and to write backwards
• 1 of 15 children – grew up in a 3 room farmhouse
• Illegitimate and uneducated• Taught himself to speak Latin and to
be ambidextrous and to write backwards
FlorenceFlorence
• Moved to the city at 14• Apprenticed under Andrea Barochio• Works show love of nature (grew up in
the country)
• Moved to the city at 14• Apprenticed under Andrea Barochio• Works show love of nature (grew up in
the country)
PaintingPainting
• Preferred new idea of oil paint• Sfumato – light haze/foggy look• Chiaroscuro – play of light and
dark/shadow to create contrast and emphasis
• Preferred new idea of oil paint• Sfumato – light haze/foggy look• Chiaroscuro – play of light and
dark/shadow to create contrast and emphasis
InventivenessInventiveness
• Painting, sculpture, architecture, engineering, military science, botany, geology, anatomy, aerodynamics, and optics
• Science – weapons inventor, parachute, helicopter, Waterwheel
• Math – loved Geometry (triangles)• Planned to write a book on Anatomy but was never
able (dissected at least 30 people)
• Painting, sculpture, architecture, engineering, military science, botany, geology, anatomy, aerodynamics, and optics
• Science – weapons inventor, parachute, helicopter, Waterwheel
• Math – loved Geometry (triangles)• Planned to write a book on Anatomy but was never
able (dissected at least 30 people)
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
• Lived most of his life in Florence• Summoned to Medici house at 14• Studied the statuary in their gardens
• Lived most of his life in Florence• Summoned to Medici house at 14• Studied the statuary in their gardens
SculptureSculpture
• First great work in Rome – Pieta• The “giant” – David• Like Ancient Greeks and Romans, he
idealized beauty and perfect human form
• Contraposto – twisted shoulders while the hips remain frontal
• First great work in Rome – Pieta• The “giant” – David• Like Ancient Greeks and Romans, he
idealized beauty and perfect human form
• Contraposto – twisted shoulders while the hips remain frontal
PaintingPainting
• Influenced by his sculpture• Humans feel 3-D• Looks more like a carving than
painting
• Influenced by his sculpture• Humans feel 3-D• Looks more like a carving than
painting
ArchitectureArchitecture
• Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica of Rome
• Inspiration for the dome of our Capitol Building
• Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica of Rome
• Inspiration for the dome of our Capitol Building
Music Before the RenaissanceMusic Before the Renaissance
• Music was strictly regulated by the church
• Instruments were very rare• Most songs were Gregorian Chant
• Music was strictly regulated by the church
• Instruments were very rare• Most songs were Gregorian Chant
PolyphonyPolyphony
• A musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices.
• A musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices.
Two Thoughts on PolyphonyTwo Thoughts on Polyphony
• Pope (Rome)– Obstructs words– Frivolous– Associated with
pagan rites– Clashing notes
labeled as evil
• Pope (Rome)– Obstructs words– Frivolous– Associated with
pagan rites– Clashing notes
labeled as evil
• Antipope (Avignon)
– Musical Innovation– Pleasing Sound
• Antipope (Avignon)
– Musical Innovation– Pleasing Sound
CounterpointCounterpoint
• the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm, and interdependent in harmony
• Basically, it is how notes work together
• the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm, and interdependent in harmony
• Basically, it is how notes work together
PalestrinaPalestrina
• One of the most famous composers of the 16th century.
• His music was the perfect example of Renaissance Counterpoint
• “Sicut Cervus” – “As the Heart”
• One of the most famous composers of the 16th century.
• His music was the perfect example of Renaissance Counterpoint
• “Sicut Cervus” – “As the Heart”
Secular Music!Secular Music!
• Music performed outside of the church• Most popular – Madrigals• Fa, la, la!
• Music performed outside of the church• Most popular – Madrigals• Fa, la, la!
Commedia Dell’arteCommedia Dell’arte
• Italian Renaissance• Whose Line is it Anyway• Touring groups• Used characters instantly recognizable to era audiences• Had basic plot outlines/improvised dialogue/used costumes, masks,
and movements that made their character recognizable• Stock characters – stereotypical characters
• Italian Renaissance• Whose Line is it Anyway• Touring groups• Used characters instantly recognizable to era audiences• Had basic plot outlines/improvised dialogue/used costumes, masks,
and movements that made their character recognizable• Stock characters – stereotypical characters
Elizabethan TheatreElizabethan Theatre
• Late English Renaissance• Changes to theatre – love of language & poetry• Actors became professionals• Permanent theatre buildings (Globe)• William Shakespeare most notable playwright
• Late English Renaissance• Changes to theatre – love of language & poetry• Actors became professionals• Permanent theatre buildings (Globe)• William Shakespeare most notable playwright
William Shakespeare – The basicsWilliam Shakespeare – The basics
• Thought to be born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon
• Died April 23, 1616• Considered to be the best writer in
the English language• Surviving works: 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long
narrative poems, and several other poems
• Thought to be born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon
• Died April 23, 1616• Considered to be the best writer in
the English language• Surviving works: 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long
narrative poems, and several other poems
Shakespeare’s styleShakespeare’s style
• Blank Verse – Poetry with meter but no rhyme• Iambic Pentameter – 10 syllables to a line, every other
syllable stressed.• Double Entendre – A word or phrase with two meanings• Soliloquy – A speech made by a character to himself or
to the audience.
• Blank Verse – Poetry with meter but no rhyme• Iambic Pentameter – 10 syllables to a line, every other
syllable stressed.• Double Entendre – A word or phrase with two meanings• Soliloquy – A speech made by a character to himself or
to the audience.
The Globe theatreThe Globe theatre
• First theatre built by actors, for actors (important to the change in theater)
• Theatre where the majority of Shakespeare’s works were originally performed
• Exact size unknown – The original theatre burned down. It was replaced, and the replacement was destroyed to make room for housing
• First theatre built by actors, for actors (important to the change in theater)
• Theatre where the majority of Shakespeare’s works were originally performed
• Exact size unknown – The original theatre burned down. It was replaced, and the replacement was destroyed to make room for housing
The authorship debateThe authorship debate
• There are many who believe that William Shakespeare did not actually write any plays.• Other authors may be:
– Francis Bacon– Christopher Marlowe– William Stanley– Edward de Vere
• Reasons– No history– Will– Vocabulary 29,000 words– Commoner/education– William Shakspere
• There are many who believe that William Shakespeare did not actually write any plays.• Other authors may be:
– Francis Bacon– Christopher Marlowe– William Stanley– Edward de Vere
• Reasons– No history– Will– Vocabulary 29,000 words– Commoner/education– William Shakspere
Dance in the CourtDance in the Court
• Invented by rulers, kings, and aristocrats for their entertainment
• Displayed social etiquette• Everyone was expected to learn to dance.• Fit both Ceremonial and Recreational
purposes.• Took both secular and religious meaning
• Invented by rulers, kings, and aristocrats for their entertainment
• Displayed social etiquette• Everyone was expected to learn to dance.• Fit both Ceremonial and Recreational
purposes.• Took both secular and religious meaning
Common DanceCommon Dance
• Less formal than court dance.• Fits both Ceremonial and Recreational
purposes.
• Less formal than court dance.• Fits both Ceremonial and Recreational
purposes.
Thoinot ArbeauThoinot Arbeau
• Wrote Orchésographie, a manual with detailed instructions for numerous styles of dance
• First use of dance tabulations, a significant innovation in dance notation
• Wrote Orchésographie, a manual with detailed instructions for numerous styles of dance
• First use of dance tabulations, a significant innovation in dance notation