HUMAN WORLD HUMAN WORLD REVISION SESSIONREVISION SESSION

Reading Case StudyReading Case Study

What is the theme of the case What is the theme of the case studies?studies?

For you to be able to compare 2 For you to be able to compare 2 settlements- one in an MEDC (Reading) settlements- one in an MEDC (Reading) and one in an LEDC (Bangalore).and one in an LEDC (Bangalore).Compare the land use patterns between Compare the land use patterns between the two settlements.the two settlements.

What do I mean by this???What do I mean by this???To do this you need to be familiar with the To do this you need to be familiar with the principles of land use models.principles of land use models.

Which land use models am I referring to???Which land use models am I referring to???

Urban Land Use ModelsUrban Land Use Models

Burgess – Describe the model to me?Burgess – Describe the model to me?concentric rings, CBD to high class residential.concentric rings, CBD to high class residential.

Hoyt- Describe the model to me?Hoyt- Describe the model to me?sector model, follows basic principles of Burgess but sector model, follows basic principles of Burgess but

sectors in Industry along rivers/ major routes.sectors in Industry along rivers/ major routes.

Harris & Ullman- Describe the model to me?Harris & Ullman- Describe the model to me?multiple nuclei, different focus’ in different areas.multiple nuclei, different focus’ in different areas.

What are the limitations of these models?What are the limitations of these models?

READING:READING:What do you need to know?What do you need to know?

Where is Reading?Where is Reading?

Why has Reading grown?Why has Reading grown?

What has affected it’s shape?What has affected it’s shape?

Sketch map of ReadingSketch map of Reading

Descriptions of characteristics of each Descriptions of characteristics of each zone and it’s location:zone and it’s location:

- CBD, Inner city area, Suburbs, Commuter - CBD, Inner city area, Suburbs, Commuter AreaArea

Where is Reading?Where is Reading?

Where is Reading?Where is Reading?

One of the largest urban areas in One of the largest urban areas in BerkshireBerkshire

Approx 65km from London, Oxford & Approx 65km from London, Oxford & Swindon.Swindon.

In the Thames Valley with the Chiltern In the Thames Valley with the Chiltern Hills to the North.Hills to the North.

Sited at theSited at the confluence confluence (meeting point of (meeting point of two rivers) two rivers) of the Thames and Kennetof the Thames and Kennet..

Why has Reading grown?Why has Reading grown?

ASSESSIBILITYASSESSIBILITY: :

- Meeting point of 3 important Meeting point of 3 important railway linesrailway lines; ;

London Paddington-South Wales, London Paddington-South Wales,

London Waterloo-Reading,London Waterloo-Reading,

South coast of England-Scotland.South coast of England-Scotland.

- Excellent road linksExcellent road links; M4-London.; M4-London.

These factors have aided Reading’s growth.These factors have aided Reading’s growth.

Why has Reading grown?Why has Reading grown?

Industrial 3 B’sIndustrial 3 B’s::

- - BulbsBulbs: Sutton Seeds were based here: Sutton Seeds were based here

- - BrewingBrewing: has always been in Reading. At : has always been in Reading. At present the large Courage brewery.present the large Courage brewery.

- - BiscuitsBiscuits: Huntley & Palmers were based : Huntley & Palmers were based here.here.

Why has Reading grown?Why has Reading grown?

Today Reading is mostly associated with Today Reading is mostly associated with hi-tech companies such as:hi-tech companies such as:

- MotorolaMotorola

- MicrosoftMicrosoft

What has affected its shape?What has affected its shape?

Physical Factors:Physical Factors:-Location in the Thames Valley. -Location in the Thames Valley. - Confluence of the Kennet and Thames east of the town.- Confluence of the Kennet and Thames east of the town.-The Chiltern Hills to the north of Reading have restricted -The Chiltern Hills to the north of Reading have restricted

growth northwards.growth northwards.

Human Factors:Human Factors:-M4 motorway to the south of Reading has stopped growth -M4 motorway to the south of Reading has stopped growth

in that direction.in that direction.- Original growth was east-west along the A4 avoiding the Original growth was east-west along the A4 avoiding the

rivers but gaining shelter from the hills.rivers but gaining shelter from the hills.

Sketch a map of ReadingSketch a map of Reading

CBDCBD

The CBD is constantly changing. It The CBD is constantly changing. It contains the most important shops, offices contains the most important shops, offices and entertainment facilities e.g. , town hall, and entertainment facilities e.g. , town hall, library, Warner Village cinema.library, Warner Village cinema.

As space is limited, building tend to be tall As space is limited, building tend to be tall e.g. Queen’s House.e.g. Queen’s House.

It is the most accessible part of town as all It is the most accessible part of town as all road and railway lines converge here.road and railway lines converge here.

Inner City AreaInner City Area

Located just outside CBD.Located just outside CBD.Much of the housing here (e.g. Oxford Much of the housing here (e.g. Oxford Road) was built pre1914 and consists of Road) was built pre1914 and consists of either 2-bed terraces in a grid-iron pattern either 2-bed terraces in a grid-iron pattern or larger semi-detached housing.or larger semi-detached housing.Some light industry.Some light industry.In some cities terraced housing in this In some cities terraced housing in this area was replaced by high rise flats in area was replaced by high rise flats in 1960’s.1960’s.

ColeyColey

The SuburbsThe Suburbs

This is lower density housing, houses are bigger This is lower density housing, houses are bigger because land prices are lower.because land prices are lower.Most houses have a garage and front and back Most houses have a garage and front and back gardens.gardens.Most are owner occupied although Whitley Most are owner occupied although Whitley Wood is example of social priority housing Wood is example of social priority housing estate.estate.There are also industrial estates that provide There are also industrial estates that provide jobs for residents (Basingstoke Rd, Cardiff Rd)jobs for residents (Basingstoke Rd, Cardiff Rd)There may also be some open spaces for There may also be some open spaces for playing fields and parks, schools and hospitals.playing fields and parks, schools and hospitals.

Suburbs 1950’s housing at Whitney Suburbs 1950’s housing at Whitney WoodWood

Suburbs 1980’s housing at Emmer Suburbs 1980’s housing at Emmer GreenGreen

Commuter AreaCommuter Area

This consists of expensive housing estates.This consists of expensive housing estates.Most houses are detached 3-4 bedrooms.Most houses are detached 3-4 bedrooms.During the last 10 years out of town shopping During the last 10 years out of town shopping centres & entertainment facilities, due to lower centres & entertainment facilities, due to lower land prices and greater accessibility. They land prices and greater accessibility. They usually cluster around ring road junctions.usually cluster around ring road junctions.Business parks e.g. Reading International Business parks e.g. Reading International Business Park.Business Park.Wider car ownership has also meant more Wider car ownership has also meant more people have moved out to live in small villages people have moved out to live in small villages surrounding the town.surrounding the town.

Beansheaf Estate (1990’s)Beansheaf Estate (1990’s)

Reading’s International Business Reading’s International Business ParkPark