Human Performance Exam 5

7/28/2019 Human Performance Exam 5

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Human Performance & Limitations

Exam 5 50 questions, time allowed 1 hour

1. What bonds to haemoglobin most readily ?

(a) carbon dioxide(b) nitrogen(c) oxygen(d) carbon monoxide

2. What supplies oxygenated blood to the heart ?

(a) vena cava(b) coronary artery (c) pulmonary artery (d) dorsal aorta

3. Which symptom is common to hypoxia and hyperventilation ?

(a) dizziness(b) cyanosis(c) pale and clammy skin(d) drowsiness and lethargy

4. How can you tell if a person is suffering from otic barotrauma orbarotrauma of the sinuses ?

(a) otic barotrauma is caused by poor hearing

(b) barotrauma of the sinuses will cause pain in the middle ear(c) barotrauma of the sinuses is caused by a blockage of the eustachian

tube(d) pain in the middle ear is a symptom of otic barotrauma but not

barotrauma of the sinuses

5. Which parts of the ear are responsible for hearing ?

(i) cochlea(ii) ossicles(iii) utricle(iv) saccule

(a) (i) & (iii) only (b) (i), (ii) & (iii)(c) (i) & (ii) only (d) (i), (ii) & (iv)

Bristol Groundschool Human Performance Exam 5



6. When the body becomes overheated it reacts by:

(i) sweating(ii) vaso-constriction of blood vessels(iii) vaso-dilation of blood vessels(iv) increased food appetite(v) decreased food appetite

(a) (i), (iii) & (v)(b) (i), (ii) & (v)(c) (i), (iii) & (iv)(d) (i), (ii) & (iv)

7. A pilot who becomes disorientated by moving his head rapidly while in aturn is suffering from an effect known as:

(a) autokinesis(b) coriolis(c) somatogravic

(d) barotrauma

8. A passenger complains of stomach cramp; what advice should be given tohim ?

(i) remove the seat belt(ii) rub the stomach(iii) drink lots of water(iv) stand up and expel some wind

(a) (i), (ii), (iii) & (iv)(b) (i), (ii) & (iii) only (c) (i), (ii) & (iv) only (d) (ii), (iii) & (iv) only

9. When giving a pre-flight brief the aircraft commander should emphasise:

(a) that he or she is in charge(b) the areas which require good crew co-ordination(c) the delegation of all duties to all crew members(d) every aspect of the flight which does not comply with standard

operating procedures to avoid repetition in flight

10. The cause of 'cognitive illusions' is:

(a) false mental model created by a misinterpretation of sensory inputs(b) lack of external reference points(c) poor interpretation of flight instruments(d) conflict between various senses




11. In order to prevent vertigo in flight pilots should:

(a) breath deeply and control the rate of breathing(b) look to one side when turning(c) avoid moving the head when turning the aircraft(d) make frequent use of the valsalva manoeuvre

12. At what altitude is atmospheric pressure half that at mean sea level ?

(a) 36,000 feet(b) 18,000 feet(c) 10,000 feet(d) 8,000 feet

13. A highly significant increase in errors with experienced and inexperiencedpilots is associated with a blood alcohol concentration of:

(a) 80 milligrams per 100 millilitres(b) 60 milligrams per 100 millilitres

(c) 40 milligrams per 100 millilitres(d) 20 milligrams per 100 millilitres

14. Metacommunications are:

(a) a compliment to verbal communications(b) barriers to intra-conflict(c) of no importance in the flight deck environment(d) shortcuts

15. Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes which of the following ?

1. self-fulfilment through expression of capacities and talents2. self-esteem through self respect3. safety through avoidance of danger4. achievement through group efforts5. self esteem through job

(a) 1, 3 & 5 only (b) 1, 2 & 4 only (c) 1, 3 & 4 only (d) all of the above

16. The blood's ability to carry oxygen is reduced by smoking because:

(a) CO trapped in the alveoli restricts the transfer of O2 (b) the trachea become obstructed by tar(c) haemoglobin has a greater affinity for CO than for O2 (d) The amount of CO2 in the lungs is increased




17. When faced with a problem to solve a pilot should:

(a) take as much time as required within the available time to arrive at adecision

(b) reach a decision as soon as possible in order to give time to attend toother tasks

(c) arrive at a decision before consulting other crew members

(d) defer a decision until the latest possible time

18. Decompression sickness (DCS) can be avoided by:

1. remaining below 18,000 feet2. keeping cabin pressure below 8,000 feet3. breathing 100% oxygen from 30 minutes before flight, prior to and

during the flight4. taking moderate exercise before the flight and exercising as much

exercise as possible during the flight

(a) 1, 2 & 3 are correct

(b) 1, 2 & 4 are correct(c) all of the above are correct(d) none of the above are correct

19. Which of the following is used to detect sound ?

(a) the semi-circular canals(b) the cochlea(b) the saccules(c) the otoliths

20. A pain in the cavities of the skull which accompanies a change in altitudeis referred to as:

(a) the creeps(b) the bends(c) the staggers(d) barotrauma

21. Which of the following statements about euphoria experienced in flight arecorrect ?

1. euphoria could be caused by hypoxia

2. euphoria can cause poor quality decisions

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 & 2(d) neither statement is correct




22. Hypovigilance may be caused by:

1. monotony 2. lack of stimulation3. tiredness4. stress

(a) 1, 2 & 4(b) 1, 3 & 4(c) 1, 2 & 3(d) 2, 3 & 4

23. Which of the following statements about psychosomatic stress is or arecorrect?

1. psychosomatic stress should hardly affect aviation because of goodcrew selection procedures

2. psychosomatic stress causes physiological symptoms to havepsychological effects

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 & 2(d) neither

24. Which of the following statements about alcohol is correct ?

(a) drinking coffee will reduce its effects(b) a small amount will affect performance(c) it has no marked effect on performance(d) it affects orthodox (i.e. stages 1 to 4) sleep

25. A cause of glaucoma would be:

(a) colour blindness(b) increased pressure in the eye(c) cloudiness of the lens(d) cloudiness of the cornea

26. When considering the effects of stress on performance which of thefollowing statements is correct ?

(a) performance can be increased by putting a student pilot under stress(b) performance may be increased by a moderate amount of stress(c) stress must be avoided in the aviation environment if at all possible(d) the effects of stress may be ignored in the aviation environment

because experienced pilots will leave stress on the ground




27. A person who smokes is more likely to have:

1. lung cancer2. coronary heart disease3. increased physiological altitude

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 & 2 only (c) 1, 2 & 3(d) 2 & 3 only

28. The average rate of heart beat is:

(a) 30 to 50 beats per minute(b) 70 to 80 beats per minute(c) 90 to 100 beats per minute(d) 100 to 110 beats per minute

29. When flying solo hypoxia may become a more serious hazard because:

(a) its effects are increased(b) it is difficult to manage the oxygen system and fly the aircraft(c) it is difficult to recognise the early symptoms for pilots in initial

training(d) there will not be another pilot to take control in the event of hypoxia

30. When cruising at altitude in a modern transport aircraft the humidity onthe flight deck is likely to be:

(a) 5 to 15%(b) 20 to 25%(c) 30 to 60%(d) 40 to 70%

31. When in the climb the partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs will:

(a) remain constant(b) increase(c) decrease at three to four times the atmospheric rate(d) decrease at the same rate as the overall decrease of pressure within

the atmosphere

32. The greatest concentration of ozone is to be found in the:

(a) troposphere(b) stratosphere(b) mesosphere(c) ionosphere




33. Motor programmes are stored in the brain as:

(a) rules in the long term memory (b) behavioural sub-routines(c) short term memory and require conscious though to address(d) natural reactions

34. Motivation :

(a) can substitute for a lack of knowledge(b) can cause trying for an unattainable and unrealistic goal which can

cause stress and lead to a reduction in performance(c) is only intrinsic(d) is a psychological problem only

35. Which of the following are characteristics of 'paradoxical sleep' ?

1. it refreshes the body and muscle2. it decreases during the night

3. rapid eye movements4. brain activity is similar to that being awake

(a) 1, 3 & 4(b) 3 & 4 only (c) 1, 2 & 4(d) 2, 3 & 4

36. Which of the following statements is or are correct ?

1. SCUBA diving imposes no restriction on flying2. it is important to drink water during flight to prevent dehydration3. diet does not have an effect on health4. the use of some medication can affect flying

(a) 1, 2 & 4(b) 1, 3 & 4(c) 2 & 4(d) 1, 2, 3 & 4

37. Stressors are:

(a) external factors only

(b) internal factors only (c) both external and internal factors(d) neither external nor internal factors




38. Which of the following features are defined in the ICAO StandardAtmosphere ?

1. pressure2. temperature3. density 4. humidity

(a) 1, 2 & 3(b) 1, 2 & 4(c) 1, 3 & 4(d) 2, 3 & 4

39. The time of useful consciousness (TUC) depends on:

1. altitude2. type of aircraft3. rate of decompression4. work load

5. individual health

(a) 1, 2 & 3(b) 1, 2, 3 & 4(c) 1, 2, 3 & 5(d) 1, 3, 4 & 5

40. When a build up of natural wax occurs in the ear it may result in:

(a) physical deafness(b) inductive deafness(c) conductive deafness(d) presbycusis

41. The function of the retina may be stated as:

(a) to transport electrical impulses to the brain(b) to convert light into meaningful information(c) to covert light into electrical impulses(d) to convert light into chemical impulses

42. Over what range in the climb will the greatest pressure differential benoted?

(a) msl to 5,000 feet(b) 5,000 to 10,000 feet(c) 10,000 to 15,000 feet(d) 20,000 to 25,000 feet




43. When flying at 8,000 feet in an unpressurised aircraft a passenger beginsto hyperventilate. Which of the following statements about this situationis correct ?

(a) the passenger should be treated for hypoxia because the symptomsand treatment are similar

(b) the passenger should be treated for hypoxia because without

treatment he (or she) may die(c) the passenger should be treated for hyperventilation(d) the passenger should be treated for hypoxia because of the altitude

44. When blood pressure is measured during a medical examination such as aroutine aviation medical it is a measure of:

(a) the pressure of oxygen in the blood(b) the venous pressure(c) the arterial pressure in the upper arm which is equivalent to the

pressure in the heart(d) the pressure of blood over the whole body

45. While in a spin in an aircraft the sensation experienced by the pilot will be:

(a) negative acceleration(b) radial acceleration(c) positive acceleration(d) static acceleration

46. If a passenger or crew member experiences pain in the ear during thedescent the most appropriate course of action would be to:

(a) continue the descent at an increased rate(b) continue the descent at a decreased rate(c) stop the descent and, if necessary, climb to the level where the pain

was first noted(d) Place a hand firmly over the affected ear

47. Normally respiration is a subconscious process which occurs at a rate of:

(a) 12 to 20 breaths per minute, averaging 16 breaths per minute(b) 15 to 25 breaths per minute, averaging 20 breaths per minute(c) 20 to 30 breaths per minute, averaging 25 breaths per minute(d) 30 to 40 breaths per minute, averaging 35 breaths per minute

48. The critical altitude at which hypoxia starts is:

(a) 18,000 feet(b) 20,000 feet(c) 25,000 feet(d) 30,000 feet




49. Which of the following statements about Circadian Disrhythmia ('jet lag') isor are correct ?

1. it affects old people to a greater extent2. the effects vary very little between individuals3. the effects are worse when travelling from West to East4. the effects are worse when travelling from East to West

(a) 4 only (b) 2 & 4(c) 3 only (d) 1 & 3

50. Which of the following statements about latent errors are correct:

1. they will not be expected by programmers2. they will lie dormant3. they will show themselves in time4. they will only become apparent under certain conditions

5. they will be easily recognised by operators

(a) 1, 4 & 5(b) 1, 2, 3, & 4(c) 1, 2, 3 & 5(d) 2 only




Human Performance & Limitations

Exam 5 50 questions, time allowed 1 hour

A B C D

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

A B C D

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Name:

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

A B C D

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40




ANSWERS

1. (d) 16. (c) 31. (d) 46. (c)2. (b) 17. (a) 32. (b) 47. (a)3. (a) 18. (a) 33. (b) 48. (a)4. (d) 19. (b) 34. (b) 49. (d)5. (c) 20. (d) 35. (b) 50. (b)

6. (a) 21. (c) 36. (c)7. (b) 22. (c) 37. (c)8. (c) 23. (d) 38. (a)9. (b) 24. (b) 39. (d)10. (a) 25. (b) 40. (c)11. (c) 26. (b) 41. (c)12. (b) 27. (c) 42. (a)13. (c) 28. (b) 43. (c)14. (a) 29. (c) 44. (c)15. (a) 30. (a) 45. (b)


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Human Performance Exam 5