Human Development Index. TYPES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES PRIMARY- The most basic. Agricultural Activities (food production): growing crops, raising livestock,

Human Development Index

TYPES OF ECONOMIC TYPES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES

PRIMARYPRIMARY- The most basic. - The most basic. Agricultural Activities (food production):Agricultural Activities (food production):

growing crops, raising livestock, grazing, fishinggrowing crops, raising livestock, grazing, fishing

Extraction Activities:Extraction Activities:Mining; logging, etc.Mining; logging, etc.

Higher dependence on PRIMARY = Higher dependence on PRIMARY = Lower overall economic development Lower overall economic development (usually)(usually)


SECONDARYSECONDARY- Making of production - Making of production and goods.and goods.

Activities that add value to raw materials Activities that add value to raw materials through processing.through processing.EX- logs are raw materials…a EX- logs are raw materials…a secondary activity would be turning it secondary activity would be turning it into planks or furniture;into planks or furniture;EX- Iron Ore taken from ground EX- Iron Ore taken from ground (primary)…turned into steel beams for (primary)…turned into steel beams for buildings = secondary activity.buildings = secondary activity.


TERTIARYTERTIARY (the third level)- Services (the third level)- ServicesTeachers, Nurses, Doctors, Teachers, Nurses, Doctors, Accountants, Retailers, Truck Drivers, Accountants, Retailers, Truck Drivers, Travel, etc. Travel, etc.

They DON’T PRODUCE things…but They DON’T PRODUCE things…but they DO things. they DO things.


QUATERNARYQUATERNARY Activities- the fourth Activities- the fourth levellevel

Information Processing and Information Processing and ManagementManagement

Computer ProgrammersComputer Programmers

General Managers of Companies, etc.General Managers of Companies, etc.

HOW DEVELOPED ARE YOU?HOW DEVELOPED ARE YOU?

There are a couple of ways to look at There are a couple of ways to look at “how developed” an economy is.“how developed” an economy is.

1- Level of Development1- Level of Development

2- Human Development Index2- Human Development Index

LEVELS OF ECONOMIC LEVELS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

LESS DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED NATIONS:NATIONS:High Birth Rates; High Birth Rates;

High Infant Mortality Rates;High Infant Mortality Rates;

Increasing PopulationIncreasing Population

Low GDP Per CapitaLow GDP Per Capita

Low Literacy RatesLow Literacy Rates

VERY DEPENDENT UPON PRIMARY VERY DEPENDENT UPON PRIMARY ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES


NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZEDNEWLY INDUSTRIALIZEDDeveloping or “middle developed”Developing or “middle developed”

These are countries that are working These are countries that are working their way towards being developed and their way towards being developed and industrialized…industrialized…

They still depend on some mining and They still depend on some mining and agriculture, but they are also engaged in agriculture, but they are also engaged in “secondary” activities like manufacturing “secondary” activities like manufacturing textiles or automobiles for export. textiles or automobiles for export.


DEVELOPEDDEVELOPEDDepend mostly on Tertiary and Depend mostly on Tertiary and Quaternary activitiesQuaternary activities

They perform services or process They perform services or process information.information.

Human Development IndexHuman Development Index

Used to rank countries based on their Used to rank countries based on their level of economic development…level of economic development…

Uses several types of data…Uses several types of data…DemographicDemographic

EconomicEconomic

Social Social

H.D.I.H.D.I.

DEMOGRAPHICDEMOGRAPHIC DATA: DATA:Size of population and if it is growingSize of population and if it is growing

Birth RateBirth Rate

Death RateDeath Rate

Infant Mortality RateInfant Mortality Rate

Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy

ETC.ETC.

H.D.I.H.D.I.

ECONOMICECONOMIC DATA DATAGDP (the higher the better)GDP (the higher the better)

Per Capita GDPPer Capita GDPAverage “production” on a per person basisAverage “production” on a per person basis

H.D.I.H.D.I.

SOCIALSOCIAL DATA DATALiteracy RateLiteracy Rate

The higher the percentage, the more likely it The higher the percentage, the more likely it is to be more developed.is to be more developed.

Average years of schooling.Average years of schooling.

2011

How do you move towards being How do you move towards being more “Developed”???more “Developed”???

Reduce your debt…Reduce your debt…

Increase cooperation with other Increase cooperation with other countries and economies…countries and economies…

Build Industries…Build Industries…

Improve education…Improve education…

Reduce “Reduce “Brain DrainBrain Drain”…When doctors ”…When doctors (and others) are educated/trained and (and others) are educated/trained and go to other developed countries ($$$$)go to other developed countries ($$$$)

Current ObstaclesCurrent Obstacles

Population is growing…Population is growing…

Still dependent on agricultural and miningStill dependent on agricultural and mining

Birth rates are high Birth rates are high

Infant Mortality is highInfant Mortality is highOne of the reasons that birth rates ARE so high One of the reasons that birth rates ARE so high is because many people are involved in primary is because many people are involved in primary activities…meaning you need labor…if you activities…meaning you need labor…if you know that your newborn is likely to die young, know that your newborn is likely to die young, have more babies!!!have more babies!!!


Africa has lots of resources…Africa has lots of resources…

They are UNEVENLY distributed…They are UNEVENLY distributed…

Wealth from these resources either goes to Wealth from these resources either goes to the elites/military OR leaves the country.the elites/military OR leaves the country.

In some places, their lack of technology In some places, their lack of technology prevents them from gaining access to prevents them from gaining access to resources.resources.

Violence and civil wars prevalentViolence and civil wars prevalent

Famine and drought very commonFamine and drought very common


Need money for infrastructure and medical Need money for infrastructure and medical facilities (but it is spent military, guns)facilities (but it is spent military, guns)

Need netting, food, clothing, etc. to reduce Need netting, food, clothing, etc. to reduce disease, malnutrition, etc (but growing disease, malnutrition, etc (but growing population makes this harder to population makes this harder to accommodate)accommodate)

Money is spent to educate and train Money is spent to educate and train people…and then they leave for developed people…and then they leave for developed countries (brain drain)countries (brain drain)

UN Development Video Clip

http://link.brightcove.com/services/player/bcpid43942729001?bctid=659474810001

UN HDI LINKS

http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/

http://hdr.undp.org/en/data/map/

http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf

Documents

Human Development Index. TYPES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES PRIMARY- The most basic. Agricultural Activities (food production): growing crops, raising livestock,