Upload
petula
View
47
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Human Development . Ch 28. Gastrulation rearranges the blastula to form a three-layered embryo with a primitive gut. Gastrulation rearranges the embryo into a triploblastic gastrula. Primary Germ Layers Ectoderm Endoderm Mesoderm. Fates of the Primary Germ Layers. Ectoderm - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Gastrulation rearranges the embryo into a triploblastic gastrula.
Gastrulation rearranges the blastula to form a three-layered
embryo with a primitive gut
Primary Germ LayersPrimary Germ LayersEctodermEctodermEndodermEndodermMesodermMesoderm
Fates of the Primary Germ Layers• Ectoderm
– hair, nails, epidermis, brain, nerves• Mesoderm
– notochord (in chordates), dermis, blood vessels, heart, bones, cartilage, muscle
• Endoderm– internal lining of the gut and respiratory
pathways, liver, pancreas
Body Cavities
Eucoelomate- body cavity completely lined with mesoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
Endoderm
coelom
gut
The Formation of
Primary Germ Layers
Gastrulation
Extraembryonic Membranes
1. Amnion: epiblast cells form a transparent sac filled with amniotic fluid• Provides a buoyant environment
that protects the embryo• Helps maintain a constant
homeostatic temperature• Allows freedom of movement and
prevents parts from fusing together• Amniotic fluid comes from maternal
blood, and later, fetal urine
amnion
Extraembryonic Membranes2. Yolk sac: a sac that hangs from the
ventral surface of the embryo• Forms part of the digestive tube• Source of the earliest blood cells and
blood vessels
Yolk sac
Extraembryonic Membranes3. Allantois: a small outpocketing at the
caudal end of the yolk sac• Structural base for the umbilical cord• Becomes part of the urinary bladder
4. Chorion: helps form the placenta• Encloses the embryonic body and all
other membranes
ChorionAllantosis
A: Embryonic disc accomplished gastrulation - ectoderm thickens
B: Neural plate forms neural folds and neural groove
Neurulation
C: Neural folds close
D: Neural tube detached from surface ectoderm
Neurulation
Embryonic Folding