Human Behavior, the Environment, and Health. Ecosystem services: The conditions and processes...
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Human Behavior, the Environment, and Health. Ecosystem services: The conditions and processes through which natural ecosystems, and the species that make
Ecosystem services: The conditions and processes through which
natural ecosystems, and the species that make them up, sustain and
fulfill human life. (Daily, 1997) Services are the benefits that
people receive from ecosystems. (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
2005) Final ecosystem services are components of nature, directly
enjoyed, consumed, or used to yield human well being. (Boyd et al.
2007)
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Ecosystem services (MEA 2005) Regulating Benefits obtained from
regulation of ecosystem processes Air Quality Regulation Climate
Regulation o Global (CO 2 sequestration) o Regional and local
Erosion regulation Water purification Disease regulation Pest
regulation Pollination Natural Hazard regulation Cultural
Non-material benefits from ecosystems Spiritual and Religious
Values Knowledge Systems Educational values Inspiration Aesthetic
Values Social Relations Sense of Place Recreation and Ecotourism
Provisioning Goods produced or provided by ecosystems Food Crops
Livestock Capture Fisheries Aquaculture Wild Foods Fiber Timber
Cotton, hemp, silk Wood Fuel Genetic resources Biochemicals
Freshwater
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WNV cases Susceptibility # of infectious bites on people # of
bites on people Social Structure Mosquito abundance Age Overall
health Behavior: Exposure # all breeding sites Temperature Quality
of breeding sites Nutrient input Precipitation Urbanization/
Infrastructure Forest Cover Land cover change # Containers &
landscape Precipitation Mosquito bite preference for people
Knowledge Risk/Serious Availability of birds WNV prevalence in
mosquitoes WNV prevalence in birds Clustering of birds and
mosquitoes Birds mature earlier Birds reproduce earlier Mild winter
Climate change Education programs Behavior HH: Maintenance
Hydrology
Slide 5
Human risk and behavior varies by socioeconomic factors
Transmission Risk Behavior: Yard maintenance Behavior: PersonalThe
most susceptible groups: Are the most concerned Take the most
household actions to reduce habitat Take the most behavioral
precautions
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The environment, recreation, and human health Personal
development and growth Self-esteem, creativity, skill development
Mental health Stress reduction, reduced depression Physiological
Cardiovascular, obesity reduction
Slide 7
Obesity reduction and outdoor recreation Alabama has the fourth
highest rate of adult obesity in the nation (33%) and the sixth
highest rate of overweight youths (ages 10- 17 at 36%).
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CDC: Engaging Communities to Reduce & Prevent Obesity in
High- Obesity Alabama Counties Three pronged approach: 1. Provide
education and promotional support to environmental approaches 2.
Implement evidence-based strategies to increase access and
consumption of healthy food and beverages 3. Implement
evidence-based strategies to increase opportunities for physical
activity
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Implement evidence-based strategies to increase opportunities
for physical activity Municipal assessment in 14 communities Access
to parks and trails Safe routes to school School facilities and
availability School physical education programming Focus Groups o
Assessment of barriers and opportunities Years 2 & 3
Implementation