HUM. PROJECT.docx

8/19/2019 HUM. PROJECT.docx

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TABLE OF CONTENT

I.PAINTING

1.Girl With A Pearl Earring

2.The Scream

3.Mnali!a

".The Creatin # A$am

%.The Starr& NightII.SC'LPT'(E

1.Chri!t The (e$eemer

2.)en*! $e Mil

3.The thin+er

".Pieta

%.Stat*e # Li,ert&

III.A(C-ITECT'(E

1.Panthen

2.'nite $-a,itatin

3.L! Manantiale! (e!ta*rant

".Saint/0ean/$e/Mntmartre


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%.Prt*g*e!eNatinal Paillin

I.PAINTING1. Girl With A Pearl Earring ,& 0hanne! )ermeer

The painting is a tronie, the Dutch

17th-century description of a 'head' that was not meant to be a portrait. It depictsan European girl wearing an eotic dress, an oriental turban, and an improbably large pearl earring.!1" In #$1%, Dutch astrophysicist &incent Ice raised doubts aboutthe material of the earring and argued that it loos more lie polished tin than pearlon the grounds of the specular reflection, the pear shape and the large si(e of theearring.

The wor is oil on can)as and is %%.* cm +17.* in high and cm +1* in wide. It issigned /I& 0eer/ but not dated. It is estimated to be painted around 1*.

2fter the most recent restoration of the painting in 1%, the subtle color schemeand the intimacy of the girl's ga(e toward the )iewer ha)e been greatly enhanced. During the restoration, it was disco)ered that the dar bacground,today somewhat mottled, was initially intended by the painter to be a deep enamel-lie green. This effect was produced by applying a thin transparent layer of paint,called a gla(e, o)er the present-day blac bacground. 3owe)er, the two organicpigments of the green gla(e, indigo and weld, ha)e faded.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troniehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_with_a_Pearl_Earring#cite_note-mhen-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_with_a_Pearl_Earring#cite_note-mhen-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_with_a_Pearl_Earring#cite_note-mhen-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_on_canvashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_on_canvashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigo_dyehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reseda_luteolahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_with_a_Pearl_Earring#cite_note-mhen-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_on_canvashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigo_dyehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reseda_luteolahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tronie


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2. The Scream ,& E$ar$ M*nch

The Scream +4orwegian5 6ri is the popular name gi)en to each of four )ersionsof a composition, created as both paintings and pastels, by the Epressionist artist Ed)ard 0unch between 1 and 11$. The 8erman title0unch ga)e these wors is Der Schrei der Natur +The 6cream of 4ature. The

wors show a figure with an agoni(ed epression against a landscape with atumultuous orange sy. 2rthur 9ubow has described The 6cream as /an icon of

modern art, a 0ona 9isa for our time./

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintingshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintingshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edvard_Munchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edvard_Munchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Lubowhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintingshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edvard_Munchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Lubowhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisa


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3. Mnali!a ,& Lenar$ a )inci

The Mona Lisa +:ˌmoʊnə ˈli;sə:


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". The Creatin # A$am ,&

Michaelangel

The Creation of Adam is a fresco painting by 0ichelangelo, which forms part ofthe 6istine Chapel's ceiling, painted c. 1*111*1#. It illustrates the iblical creationnarrati)e from the oo of 8enesis in which 8od breathes life into 2dam, thefirst man. The fresco is part of a comple iconographic scheme and ischronologically the fourth in the series of panels depicting episodes from 8enesis. Itis the most well-nown of the 6istine Chapel fresco panels, and its fame asa masterpiece of art is ri)aled only by 9eonardo da &inci's 0ona 9isa.

The image of the near-touching hands of 8od and 2dam has become iconic

of humanity

and has been reproduced in countless imitations andparodies. 9eonardo da &inci's 9ast 6upper and 0ichelangelo's Creation of dama2rethe most replicated religious paintings of all time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frescohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frescohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceilinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genesis_creation_narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genesis_creation_narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genesis_creation_narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Genesishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_the_Father#Christianityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masterpiecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masterpiecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Supper_(Leonardo_da_Vinci)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frescohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceilinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genesis_creation_narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genesis_creation_narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Genesishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_the_Father#Christianityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masterpiecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Supper_(Leonardo_da_Vinci)


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%. The Starr& Night ,& )incent an Ggh

The Starry Night is an oil on can)as by the Dutch post-impressionist painter &incent )an 8ogh. Aainted in Fune, 1, it depicts the )iewfrom the east-facing window of his asylum room at 6aint-@Gmy-de-Aro)ence, Bustbefore sunrise, with the addition of an ideali(ed )illage It has been in the permanentcollection of the 0useum of 0odern 2rt in 4ew Hor City since 1%1, ac>uiredthrough the 9illie A. liss e>uest. It is regarded as among &an 8ogh's finest wors,

and is one of the most recogni(ed paintings in the history of estern culture.

II.SC'LPT'(E

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Impressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Impressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Impressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_van_Goghhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-R%C3%A9my-de-Provencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-R%C3%A9my-de-Provencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Arthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lillie_P._Bliss#The_Lillie_P._Bliss_Bequesthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Impressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Impressionismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_van_Goghhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-R%C3%A9my-de-Provencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Arthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lillie_P._Bliss#The_Lillie_P._Bliss_Bequest


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1.Chri!t The (e$eemer ,& Pa*lLan$!+i an$ -eitr $a Sila C!ta

Christ the Redeemer +Aortuguese5 Cristo @edentor, standard ra(ilianAortuguese5 !ˈ ɾistu Jedẽˈtoɾ", local dialect5 !ˈ ɾiʃtu ɦedẽˈtoɦ" is an 2rtDeco statue of Fesus Christ in @io de Faneiro, ra(il, created by =renchsculptor Aaul 9andowsi and built by the ra(ilian engineer 3eitor da 6il)a Costa, incollaboration with the =rench engineer 2lbert Ca>uot. The face was created by the @omanian artist8heorghe 9eonida. The statue is $ metres + ft tall, notincluding its -metre +# ft pedestal, and its arms stretch # metres +# ft wide.

The statue weighs * metric tons +#* long, 7$$ short tons, and is located at thepea of the 7$$-metre +#,$$ ft Corco)adomountain in the TiBuca =orest 4ationalAar o)erlooing the city of @io. 2 symbol of Christianity across the world, thestatue has also become a cultural icon of both @io de Faneiro and ra(il, and islisted as one of the 4ew 6e)en onders of the orld. It is made of reinforcedconcrete and soapstone, and was constructed between 1## and 11.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Decohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Decohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeirohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeirohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Landowskihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanianshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gheorghe_Leonidahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corcovado_(Brazil)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tijuca_Foresthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tijuca_Foresthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tijuca_Foresthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soapstonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Portuguesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Decohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Decohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeirohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Landowskihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanianshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gheorghe_Leonidahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corcovado_(Brazil)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tijuca_Foresthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soapstone


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2.)en*! e Mil

Aphrodite of Milos +8ree 5 ἈKLMNOPQ PῆR SUMV, 2phroditē tēs 0ēlou, betternown as the Venus de Milo, is an ancient 8ree statue and one of the mostfamous wors of ancient 8ree sculpture. Created sometime between 1$ and 1$$C, it is belie)ed to depict 2phrodite, the 8ree goddess of lo)e and beauty + &enus to the @omans. It is a marble sculpture, slightly larger than life si(e at#$ cm + ft in high. The arms and original plinth were lost following its disco)ery.=rom an inscription that was on its plinth, it is thought to be the wor of 2leandrosof 2ntioch< earlier, it was mistaenly attributed to the master sculptor Araiteles. Itis currently on permanent display at the 9ou)re 0useum in Aaris. The statue isnamed after the 8ree island of 0ilos, where it was disco)ered.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture_of_Ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphroditehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plinthhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandros_of_Antiochhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandros_of_Antiochhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praxiteleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miloshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miloshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture_of_Ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphroditehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plinthhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandros_of_Antiochhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandros_of_Antiochhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praxiteleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milos


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3.The Thin+er

The Thinker +=rench5 Le Penseur i s a bron(e sculpture by 2uguste @odin,usually placed on a stone pedestal. The wor shows a nude male figure of o)er life-si(e sitting on a roc with his chin resting on one hand as though deep in thought,and is often used as an image to represent philosophy . There are about # fullsi(e castings, in which the figure is about 1 centimetres +7 in high, though notall were made during @odin's lifetime and under his super)ision, as well as )ariousother )ersions, se)eral in plaster, studies, and posthumous castings, in a range of si(es. @odin first concei)ed the figure as part of another wor in 1$, but the first of

the familiar monumental bron(e castings did not appear until 1$%.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auguste_Rodinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_bronzehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_bronzehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auguste_Rodinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_bronzehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaster


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".Pieta ,& Michaelangel

The Piet +Italian5 !pBeˈta"< 1%1% is a wor of @enaissance sculptureby 0ichelangelo uonarroti, housed in 6t. Aeter's asilica, &atican City . It is thefirst of a number of wors of the same theme by the artist. The statue was

commissioned for the =rench Cardinal Fean de ilhWres, who was a representati)ein @ome. The sculpture, in Carrara marble, was made for the cardinal's funeralmonument, but was mo)ed to its current location, the first chapel on the right asone enters the basilica, in the 1th century. It is the only piece 0ichelangelo e)ersigned.

This famous wor of art depicts the body of Fesus on the lap of hismother 0ary after the Crucifiion. The theme is of 4orthern origin, popular by thattime in =rance but not yet in Italy. 0ichelangelo's interpretation of the AietX is

unprecedented in Italian sculpture. It is an important wor as it balancesthe @enaissance ideals of classical beauty with naturalism.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Italianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Italianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Italianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Peter's_Basilicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%C3%A0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_de_Bilh%C3%A8reshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara_marblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara_marblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_beautyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Italianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Peter's_Basilicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%C3%A0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_de_Bilh%C3%A8reshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara_marblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_beauty


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%.Stat*e # Li,ert&

The Statue of Li!erty +Li!erty "nlightening the #orld< =rench5 9a 9ibertGGclairant le monde is a colossal neoclassical sculptureon 9iberty Island in 4ew

Hor 3arbor in 4ew Hor City , in the Ynited 6tates. The copper statue, designedby =rGdGric 2uguste artholdi, a =rench sculptor, was built by 8usta)e Eiffel and

dedicated on Zctober #, 1. It was a gift to the Ynited 6tates fromthepeople of =rance.

The statue is of a robed female figure representing 9ibertas, the @oman goddess, who bears a torch and a tabula ansata +a tablet e)oing the law upon which isinscribed the date of the 2merican Declaration of Independence, Fuly %, 177. 2 broen chain lies at her feet. The statue is an icon of freedom and of the Ynited6tates, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arri)ing from abroad.

artholdi was inspired by =rench law professor and politician [douard @enG de9aboulaye, who is said to ha)e commented in 1* that any monument raised to

2merican independence would properly be a Boint proBect of the =rench and 2merican peoples. 3e may ha)e been minded to honor the Ynion )ictory inthe 2merican Ci)il ar and the end of sla)ery. Due to the troubled politicalsituation in =rance, wor on the statue did not commence until the early 17$s. In17*, 9aboulaye proposed that the =rench finance the statue and the 2mericans

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/colossus#Englishhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/colossus#Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoclassical_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoclassical_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Harborhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Harborhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Harborhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Auguste_Bartholdihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Auguste_Bartholdihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Eiffelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_of_Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_godhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_ansatahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Ren%C3%A9_de_Laboulayehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Ren%C3%A9_de_Laboulayehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Ren%C3%A9_de_Laboulayehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_France#Second_Empire.2C_1852-1871https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_France#Second_Empire.2C_1852-1871https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/colossus#Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoclassical_sculpturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Harborhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Harborhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Auguste_Bartholdihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Eiffelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_of_Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_godhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_ansatahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Ren%C3%A9_de_Laboulayehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Ren%C3%A9_de_Laboulayehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_France#Second_Empire.2C_1852-1871https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_France#Second_Empire.2C_1852-1871


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pro)ide the site and build the pedestal. artholdi completed the head and thetorch-bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces wereehibited for publicity at international epositions.

III. A(C-ITECT'(E

1. Panthen4 (me 5!!i,l& ,& A5ll$r*! # ama!c*!4 c126 A

The ancient @omans didn\t ha)e reinforced concrete +that is, strengthened withsteel but they had concrete, and used it to such heart-stopping effect on the

http://www.theguardian.com/culture/2015/oct/23/10-best-ancient-romans-mary-beardhttp://www.theguardian.com/culture/2015/oct/23/10-best-ancient-romans-mary-beard


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Aantheon that no one has really been able to match it since. The true moment of genius is the way in which, after a certain amount of harrumphing with Corinthiancolumns and marble decoration at its lower le)els, the design resol)es itself into thepure circular oculus at its top, ungla(ed, which causes a beam of light to rae

around the interior lie an internali(ed sun.

2. 'nit7 $-a,itatin4 Mar!eille LeCr,*!ier4 18%2

Concrete has the ability to be primiti)e and technological, massi)e and le)itating, tocombine the properties of steel with those of mud. 9e Corbusier new how to runthe gamut of its epressi)e range better than anyone. 3e used it as the medium fortranslating his fascinations both with aeroplanes and other modern machines and

with ancient landscapes and temples. 3is YnitG d\3abitation, a massi)e apartment

building in 0arseille, is both a liner floated to its site from the nearby 0editerranean and a chun of the surrounding mountains, rectangularised, ar and 2rarat at once.

http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/sep/10/identify-roman-orders-architecturehttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/sep/10/identify-roman-orders-architecturehttp://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/corbuweb/morpheus.aspx?sysId=13&IrisObjectId=5234&sysLanguage=en-en&itemPos=58&itemCount=78&sysParentId=64&sysParentName=homehttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2015/apr/30/le-corbusier-the-man-the-modernist-the-nudist-in-pictureshttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2015/apr/30/le-corbusier-the-man-the-modernist-the-nudist-in-pictureshttp://www.theguardian.com/travel/pictures/image/0,,-1010329489340,00.htmlhttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/sep/10/identify-roman-orders-architecturehttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/sep/10/identify-roman-orders-architecturehttp://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/corbuweb/morpheus.aspx?sysId=13&IrisObjectId=5234&sysLanguage=en-en&itemPos=58&itemCount=78&sysParentId=64&sysParentName=homehttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2015/apr/30/le-corbusier-the-man-the-modernist-the-nudist-in-pictureshttp://www.theguardian.com/travel/pictures/image/0,,-1010329489340,00.html


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3. L! Manantiale! re!ta*rant4 Me9icCit& F7li9 Can$ela4 18%

0any architects and engineers ha)e eploited the ability of reinforced concrete toproduce structures of eceptional apparent lightness which, despite being made of a form of masonry, hardly seem to touch the ground. ]uite a few ha)e used arches

and )aults in the form of parabolas, which direct the structural forces inside thematerial with particular efficiency, which maes the structure lighter still. =Gli Candela was one of the earliest and best to pursue these ideas. The anti-gra)ity effects of the 9os 0anantiales restaurant were particularly magical.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdOdBoHnQN4https://www.architecture.com/WhatsOn/September2015/TheShellBuilder.aspxhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdOdBoHnQN4https://www.architecture.com/WhatsOn/September2015/TheShellBuilder.aspx


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". Saint/0ean/$e/Mntmartre4 Pari!

Anatle $e Ba*$t4 18:" ;interir<

2 slightly gauche attempt to reali(e the principles of gothic architecture inreinforced concrete but at the same time endearing and heroic. The church wassufficiently ahead of its time that building codes hadn\t caught up, which meantconstruction had to be delayed while a demolition order was remo)ed. De audotdidn\t >uite wor out that you can achie)e gothic lightness of construction withoutgothic details such as pointed arches and )aults. 2uguste Aerret would later do this

with the radiant 4otre Dame du @aincy , but 6aint-Fean-de-0ontmartre maes thelist by )irtue of being a pioneer.

https://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/france/raincy/perret.htmlhttps://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/france/raincy/perret.htmlhttps://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/france/raincy/perret.html


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%.Prt*g*e!e Natinal Pailin4 E95 8=4Li!,n

>lar Si?a 188=

^l)aro 6i(a is one of the less declamatory and more subtle contemporary architects, which maes this moment of theatre all the more striing. 3e taes a sheet of concrete and drops it lie a pocet handerchief between two rectangular blocs.The special properties of reinforced concrete, in particular its abilities to hang as

well as )ault, and achie)e high strengths with minimal thicness, are used to thefull. 2 classic of maing design loo effortless, when the engineering and

construction that goes into it is anything but.

Project

http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/portugalpavilion/http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/jan/26/architecture-alvaro-sizahttp://www.galinsky.com/buildings/portugalpavilion/http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/jan/26/architecture-alvaro-siza


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InHumanities

12

Summited by: Kristina Gabatin

Summited to: Mr Jun Cliford M. Mae

Documents

HUM. PROJECT.docx