HSA Government Public Release 2005 - Marylandmdk12.msde.maryland.gov/assessments/high_school/look... · 2016-07-27 · health benefits to all workers ... —Magna Carta, 1215

GOVERNMENTPublic Release 2005

Copyright © 2005 by Maryland State Department of Education.

This document was developed by Educational Testing Service under a contract with the Maryland State Department ofEducation, expressly for use by Maryland educators and citizens. Only Maryland educators and citizens may copyand/or download and print this document, located online at http://www.mdk12.org/. Any other use or reproductionof this document, in whole or in part, requires prior written approval of the Maryland State Department of Education.

Acknowledgements: Graph on page 18, Public Domain. Courtesy of the Bureau of Economic Analysis.

Cartoon on page 26, copyright (c) 2002 by Larry Wright. Reprinted by permission of Cagle Cartoons.

Session 1

Government Public Release 2005 Page 1Copyright © 2005 by Maryland State Department of Education.

Sample A

The mass media is sometimesreferred to as “the fourth branch ofthe government” because it

A endorses all governmentalpolicies

B influences public opinion

C is a powerful federal agency

D is paid for with federal taxes

MDV00000

Sample B

On January 1, 1999, the euro becamethe common currency for elevenEuropean countries.

The adoption of the euro created aregion based on a common

F political ideology

G defense strategy

H economic interest

J cultural characteristic

MDV00000

Session 1


■1 Which of these is a responsibility ofthe Food and Drug Administration(FDA)?

A to manage the use of publicairwaves

B to evaluate the contents ofmedications

C to review the safety ofhousehold appliances

D to investigate the practices offinancial firms

(2)MDV02291

■2 Which of these statements about theNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO) is true?

F Members are required to opentheir borders to immigrants fromother nations.

G Members are prevented fromconducting trade withnon-member nations.

H An armed attack against onemember is considered an attackagainst all members.

J An executive panel controlslegislation passed in membernations.

(3)MDV01647

■3 Read the news headline below.

UNITED STATES SETS HIGH TAXES ON

IMPORTED LUMBER

Which of these is a purpose of thisaction by the United States?

A to decrease the cost of lumber

B to protect the United Stateslumber industry

C to decrease United Stateslumber exports

D to allow for the free trade oflumber

Session 1


■4 Which of these actions by thefederal government wouldmost likely reduce inflation?

F increasing both spending andthe money supply

G decreasing both spending andthe money supply

H increasing loans to consumers

J decreasing the interest rate

(2)MDV02295

■5 The federal minimum wage in 2001was $5.15 an hour.

Which of these best describes whythe federal government would raisethe minimum wage?

A to help workers findemployment

B to help workers’ wages keep upwith inflation

C to increase the taxes on workers’wages

D to make sure all workers receivethe same pay

(2)MDV01746

6BCR

In some eastern Arizona counties,the largest segment of thepopulation is under 18 years ofage. By contrast, in some westerncounties of Arizona, a large segmentof the population is 65 years orolder.

• Based on the information above,describe likely government goalsin both eastern and westernArizona.

• Why do larger populationgroups tend to have moreinfluence on government policy?

• Include details and examples tosupport your response.

Write your answer on the lines inyour Answer Book.

(~)MDV01490

Session 1


■7 Which of these best describes whythe government often requires theconstruction of wheelchair rampsin certain types of buildings?

A to protect the safety of citizens

B to improve the education system

C to provide equal access for allcitizens

D to provide training for all peoplewanting to learn new skills

(3)MDV02337

■8 Which of these has the most controlover the United States’ defensespending?

F the Supreme Court

G the Secretary of the Treasury

H the Congress

J the Secretary of State

(3)MDV01636

■9 Which of these best describes a goalof affirmative action legislation?

A to encourage young people to gointo politics

B to promote educationalopportunities for minorities

C to require employers to providehealth benefits to all workers

D to establish job training coursesfor the economicallydisadvantaged

(2)MDV01472

Session 1


■10 While working with theEnvironmental Protection Agency(EPA), some counties in Marylandhave begun a program to encourageresidents to recycle electronicequipment such as computers,televisions, and telephones.

Which of these is most likely apurpose of this program?

F to reduce the amount of wastein landfills

G to persuade consumers to buynew electronics equipment

H to raise money from the resaleof the electronics equipment

J to stop people from using olderelectrical equipment that maybe unsafe

(1)MDV02213

■11 Read the excerpt below.

“No freeman [person] shall betaken or imprisoned, . . . oroutlawed, or banished, or in anyway destroyed, unless by thelawful judgment of his peers, orby the law of the land. . . .”

—Magna Carta, 1215

Which of these principles found inthe Bill of Rights is based on theMagna Carta?

A guarantee of free speech

B protection of the right of thestate to organize a militia

C provision for due process

D prohibition against excessivebail and fines

(3)MDV01742

Session 1


■12 The United States Department ofAgriculture (USDA) offers homeloans at low interest rates tolow-income borrowers who livein rural communities.

What is most likely the purpose ofthis government program?

F to increase ownership ofproperty

G to regulate the lending industry

H to encourage people to move

J to raise tax revenues

(1)MDV01974

13BCR

Read the news headline below.

GENERAL ASSEMBLY PASSES NEW LAWS FOR TEENAGE

DRIVERS

• Describe ways that the statelimits the privileges of peoplewho own, drive, or ride in cars.

• Should the state governmenthave this power? Explain why orwhy not.

• Include details and examples tosupport your answer.


(3)MDV10015

Session 1


■14 Which of these incidents led to theUnited States Supreme Court caseTinker v. Des Moines IndependentSchool District?

F A school principal censoredarticles from the schoolnewspaper.

G A school district used publictransportation to segregatestudents by race.

H School authorities searched astudent’s handbag without asearch warrant.

J School authorities suspendedstudents for wearing blackarmbands as a protest.

(4)MDV02101

■15 Which of these is a similaritybetween the United StatesConstitution and the Declarationof Independence?

A They list the rights of thoseaccused of a crime.

B They divide powers ofgovernment among threebranches.

C They list the grievances ofAmerican colonists againstGreat Britain.

D They state that governmentgains authority from the people.

(4)MDV02219

Session 1


16BCR

News organizations predict thewinners of elections before all thevotes are counted. On election day2000, supporters of George W. Bushcomplained that news organizationspredicted Al Gore to be the winnerin California hours before the pollsclosed on the West Coast.

• Explain reasons why Bushsupporters may have beendispleased with the earlypredictions.

• Should news organizationspredict the winners of elections?Explain why or why not.

• Use details and examples tosupport your answer.


(~)MDV02154

■17 Great Britain and Japan areexamples of democratic countrieswith a strong, central governmentthat makes laws for the entirenation and limits the power of localgovernments.

What form of government do thesecountries have?

A authoritarian

B confederation

C federal

D unitary

(4)MDV01282

■18 The purpose of the Centers forDisease Control (CDC) is topromote health and safety bypreventing and controlling disease,injury, and disability.

Which of these is most likely aresponsibility of this governmentagency?

F to help healthcare workers findjobs

G to fund and operate medicalschools

H to establish immunizationprograms for children

J to enforce laws that protectpeople from discrimination

(3)MDV01966

■19 Which of these statements bestdescribes a responsibility of theFederal Aviation Administration(FAA)?

A Flight attendants at a majorairline receive pay raises.

B Major airlines announce pricereductions on flights.

C Pilots are given new regulationsregarding rest periods.

D The government reviews airlinetelevision advertisements.

(3)MDV01967

Session 1


■20 Which of these is an example of plea-bargaining?

F A jury determines the sentence for a person convicted of a crime.

G A police officer collects evidence to obtain a search warrant.

H A judge reviews evidence to determine whether a police officer violated acitizen’s rights.

J A defendant admits guilt to a less serious charge instead of being tried for a moreserious one.

(4)MDV68540

Session 1


21ECR

Look at the chart below.

Segregation in public schools based onrace is illegal.

Schools in Mississippi that have yet to integrate students must do so immediately.

Federal courts have the authority tooversee integration and recommend waysto integrate in state public schools.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Alexander v. Holmes CountyBoard of Education

Swann v. Charlotte-MecklenburgCounty Board of Education

UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT DECISIONSREGARDING SEGREGATION IN SCHOOLS

Case

1954

Year Ruling

1971

1969

• Describe how the Fourteenth Amendment was the basis for these SupremeCourt rulings.

• Was additional Supreme Court action necessary after the Brown decision?Explain why or why not.

• Explain how these decisions affect public education today.

• Include details and examples to support your answer.

Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book.

Session 1


■22 Which of these would most likelytake place in a command economy?

F Industrial leaders agree tocontrol prices.

G Stock traders create wealththrough buying and selling.

H Government leaders decide howgoods will be produced.

J Consumers decide the salespolicies of business owners.

(C)MDV68074

■23 In Goss v. Lopez (1971), a group ofchildren was suspended fromschool. The parents sued the Boardof Education because the childrenwere not given hearings before thesuspension.

Which of these was most at issue inthis case?

A due process

B probable cause

C separation of powers

D rule of law

(1)MDV01511

No test material on this page

Page 12

Session 2


Session 2


Directions

Read the news article excerpt below. Then answer Numbers 24 and 25.

NEW SYSTEM FORCOLLECTING TOLLS

The Maryland Transportation Authority has announced that commuters can now use an electronic device at toll plazas in most Northeastern states. This device is placed in cars and deducts toll fees electronically. This will allow commuters to pass through toll plazas without stopping.

■24 Which of these is most likely aresult of the action described inthe news article?

F Travelers will save time on theroad.

G Maryland will use moreemployees to take tolls.

H The number of people usinghighways will decrease.

J Other states will charge less forout-of-state travelers.

■25 Which of these does the news articledescribe?

A rising costs in the travel industry

B regional cooperation amongstates

C involvement of the federalgovernment in state concerns

D private industry taking overgovernment responsibilities

Session 2


26BCR

The United States has a mixedeconomy and is able to regulatemany business activities.

• What are the benefits ofgovernment control overbusiness activities?

• Should the United Statesgovernment have more controlor less control over businessactivities? Explain your answer.



(~)MDV02133

■27 Read the information below.

“. . . to place qualifiedindividuals with mentaldisabilities in communitysettings . . . The FederalGovernment must . . . helpensure that all Americans havethe opportunity to live close totheir families and friends . . .and to participate in communitylife.”

—Executive Order 13217

What was the purpose of theexecutive order above?

A to maintain public order

B to reduce unemployment

C to protect the rights ofindividuals

D to guarantee the safety of allcitizens

(3)MDV01973

Session 2


■28 Recently, the State of Marylandchose to make more decisionsregarding land use state-wide.

Which of these actions isleast likely to be part of thisnew role?

F encouraging preservation ofopen space

G limiting the growth ofdevelopment

H taking money away fromconservation projects

J helping counties preservefarmland

(3)MDV01305

■29 Which of these Supreme Court casesestablished supremacy of thefederal government over the states?

A Plessy v. Ferguson

B New Jersey v. T.L.O

C Marbury v. Madison

D McCulloch v. Maryland

(4)MDV01801

Session 2


■30 Read the news article excerpt below.

LEGISLATURE TO PROVIDEASSISTANCE TO FIRST TIME

HOMEBUYERS

In response to rising housing costs,the state legislature has voted toprovide financial assistance to low-income families to help purchase theirfirst house.

The action described in the articleabove is intended to

F support local businesses

G generate revenue for the city

H promote economic equity inthe area

J limit support for local businesses

■31 Title IX of the EducationAmendments of 1972 requires thatall schools receiving federal fundsgive male and female studentsequal opportunities in instructionand extracurricular activities.

Which situation is in violation ofthis legislation?

A prohibiting girls from playingvarsity football

B eliminating boys’ and girls’soccer programs due to a lackof funding

C requiring the same academicstandards for athletes andnon-athletes

D discontinuing extracurricularactivities in order to purchasetextbooks

(1)MDV00085

Session 2


■32 Study the graph below.

8

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis

19801982

19841986

19881990

19921994

19961998

2000

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTPERCENT CHANGE, 1980–2000

Per

cen

t Ch

ange

The information in the graph is mostly about

F the economic growth of the country

G the tax revenues of the country

H the prices of consumer goods

J the tariffs placed on imports

Session 2


■33 The government of China tellsfactory managers to increase theiruse of computers in manufacturing.

What economic question is mostaffected by the government’sactions?

A what to produce

B how to produce

C for whom to produce

D when to produce

(2)MDV01306

■34 Environmentalists have most oftenopposed government policies that

F lease public lands to miningcompanies

G set aside lands for preservationin national forests

H protect natural resourcesthrough recycling programs

J regulate economic developmentto stop deforestation

(1)MDV01319

Session 2


35BCR

Medicaid is a government programwhich helps pay medical expensesfor persons with low incomes.Medicare, a similar program,provides healthcare benefits to theelderly.

• Explain the advantages anddisadvantages of governmentsponsored healthcare.

• Should the government decreaseor increase its spending onhealthcare? Explain why or whynot.



(~)MDV02224

■36 Which of these activitiesis most likely a part of theUnited States Census?

F polling experts to establishforeign policy

G inspecting businesses to enforcesafety laws

H surveying homes to determinepopulation figures

J training workers to increaseindustrial productivity

(3)MDV01297

■37 A case that must be tried in afederal court is one involving

A child custody

B medical malpractice

C product liability

D copyright violation

(4)MDV01680

Session 2


■38 In 1972, the United States and143 other nations signed a treatythat banned the development,production, and storage ofbiological weapons.

What is most likely the goal of thistreaty?

F to give nations the right todefend themselves

G to stop nations from acquiringmilitary secrets

H to conduct research on theeffects of biological weapons

J to prevent the use of biologicalweapons by nations at war

(4)MDV02198

■39 Many states require people whoreceive public assistance to work inexchange for payments.

Which of these statementsis most likely a goal of thisrequirement?

A The amount of tax revenue andspending will increase.

B The number of people receivingstate benefits will increase.

C Individuals will have anopportunity to apply for otherstate benefits.

D Individuals will have anopportunity to learn new skillsand get jobs.

(4)MDV01459

40BCR

Read the information below.

A major goal of United Statesforeign policy is to have freeand open trade with othercountries. However, some ofthese other countries do nothave democratic governments.

• Explain why the United Stateswould maintain trade with thesecountries.

• Do you believe the United Statesshould continue to trade withcountries that do not havedemocratic governments?Explain why or why not.



(~)MDV68717

Session 2


Directions

Look at the flowchart below. Then answer Numbers 41 and 42.

Legislative Branch

National Congress

Senate Federal Chamber of

Deputies

Executive Branch

President

Voters Elect

SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT IN MEXICO

Supreme Court Judges

ConfirmsPresidentialAppointments

Appoints Judges

■41 Based on the information in thediagram, which of these controlsdoes Mexico’s National Congresshave over the President?

A vetoing laws

B rejecting judicial appointments

C electing the President

D selecting presidential candidates

■42 Based on the information in thediagram, which of these bestdescribes the system of governmentof Mexico?

F monarchy

G democracy

H dictatorship

J confederation

Session 2


■43 Which of these examples bestreflects the principle ofrepresentative democracy?

A Citizens of a town vote on allgovernment issues.

B The leader of a country makesall government decisions.

C A judge finds a defendant guiltyof a crime.

D An elected official proposes abill in the state legislature.

(4)MDV01869

■44 In 2000, the population of FrederickCounty, Maryland, was 195,277,which was an increase of 30 percentfrom 1990.

Which of these contributed to thechange in population?

F approval of development plansby local county officials

G implementation of strictenvironmental regulations

H adoption of higher propertytax rates

J establishment of farmlandpreservation plans

(1)MDV02310

45BCR

The exclusionary rule states thatprosecutors may not use illegallyobtained evidence in court.

• Explain the privacy protectionsin the Bill of Rights that supportthis rule.

• Do the advantages of the ruleoutweigh the disadvantages?Explain why or why not.



(~)MDV02326

Session 2


■46 The state legislature passed a billallowing a tax increase to improveroads. The proposed law was thenplaced on the ballot for voters todecide on the tax increase.

Which of these terms describes thisaction?

F amendment

G nomination

H petition

J referendum

(4)MDV02299

■47 Read the paragraph below.

“The powers not delegated tothe United States by theConstitution thereof, norprohibited by it to the States,are reserved to the Statesrespectively, or to the peoplethereof.”

—Article 3, Declaration ofRights, Constitution of

Maryland

What principle of government isbest reflected in the article above?

A federalism

B majority rule

C judicial review

D checks and balances

(1)MDV01765

■48 When a famous actress was accusedof wrong-doing, the newspaperscovered the event extensively. Theactress was convicted of the crime,but appealed the verdict on thegrounds that the pre-trial publicityprejudiced the jury.

Which of these rights is in conflictwith the freedom of the press?

F the right to a speedy trial

G the right to present witnesses

H the right to legal counsel

J the right to a fair trial

(4)MDV01781

Session 2


■49 An interest group is most likely to

A nominate party candidates

B veto proposed legislation

C set government policy

D lobby elected officials

(4)MDV01538

■50 In a criminal case, the prosecutor isresponsible for

F handing down a sentence

G representing the government

H providing testimony under oath

J making sure the law is passed

(2)50853

■51 The United States signed the NorthAmerican Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) in order to

A decrease trade with Europeanand Asian countries

B decrease American investmentin overseas markets

C increase tariffs placed onproducts made in Mexico

D increase trade opportunities fordomestic businesses

(4)MDV01250

Session 2


■52 Look at the cartoon below.

Reprinted by permission of caglecartoons.com.

The cartoonist is making a statement about

F rising costs of medical care

G funding for candidates

H high salaries of members of Congress

J increasing costs of government programs

Session 2


■53 A bill was introduced in Congressto stop aid to countries that opposeUnited States policy in the UnitedNations General Assembly.

Which of these issues most directlyrelates to this bill?

A influencing policies in worldorganizations

B encouraging peaceful solutionsto military conflicts

C providing industrial assistanceto developing nations

D developing world solutions toenvironmental problems

(1)MDV01525

■54 The Clean Air Act of 1970 set broadnational goals for the reduction ofair pollution.

Which of these was a direct result ofthis act?

F Prices of automobiles declined.

G Fewer automobiles traveled onhighways.

H Automobile makers redesignedautomobile engines.

J Automobile smog problemswere eliminated.

(3)MDV01403

■55 Read the news article excerpt below.

Representatives from Western states introduced a bill in Congress that would reduce demands for electricity and increase the power supply. The bill would allow clean air and endangered species protection rules to be waived during an energy crisis. Western states say the legislation is necessary to prevent an energy crisis. Opponents of the bill believe that the environment will suffer if the bill is passed.

The bill described in the excerptabove is an example of

A federal needs overridingstate laws

B government ownership ofpower companies

C national legislation addressinga regional concern

D environmental groupssupporting national legislation

Session 2


■56 Which of these is most closelyassociated with an economicrecession?

F an increase in stock prices

G a decrease in demand for labor

H a decrease in the minimum wage

J an increase in consumerspending

(2)MDV01321

■57 Which of these is a violation of dueprocess?

A A state eliminates representationfor defendants.

B A state requires that cars beinspected once a year.

C A state requires the vaccinationof all school children.

D A state forbids a doctor frompracticing without a license.

(1)MDV01797

■58 Which of these best describes theresult of the Supreme Court’s rulingin New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)?

F Students have fewer privacyrights in school than in otherpublic settings.

G School officials must have searchwarrants in order to searchstudent property.

H School officials may planreligious assemblies forstudents.

J Restrictions placed on studentspeech in schools are justified.

(1)MDV01773

GOVERNMENTPublic Release 2005

Documents

HSA Government Public Release 2005 - Marylandmdk12.msde.maryland.gov/assessments/high_school/look... · 2016-07-27 · health benefits to all workers ... —Magna Carta, 1215