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7/30/2019 HPHE 6720 - Topic 7
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Topic 7:
Wingate Anaerobic Test
HPHE 6720
Dr. Cheatham
Laboratory Manual Section 07
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Origins
Developed at the Wingate Institute in Israel byDr. Oded Bar-Or in the late 1970s
Originally developed for use in children but was
expanded to adults One of the most widely performed tests to
assess anaerobic power
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Physiological Rationale
Performance during the test is primarilydependent on the combination of the
anaerobic energy pathways:
Phosphagen System Glycolytic System
Approximately 85% of ATP production during the
test is accounted for by these systems.
The WAnT requires a power level that is usually
2-4 times greater than the participants VO2max.
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Physiological Rationale
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Variables that are Assessed
Peak Anaerobic Power (Pk-AnP) A reflection of the ability of the limb muscles to produce
high mechanical power in a short time.
Peak power observed (usually over a 5 second period)
during the 30-sec test. Typically occurs within the first 5-8 seconds of the 30-sec
test.
Is thought to mostly reflect the participants ability to usethe phosphagenic system.
However, the glycolytic pathway is probably alsosignificantly involved
Expressed both in absolute terms (Watts) and relative tothe participants bodyweight (Watts/kg)
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Variables that are Assessed
Mean Anaerobic Power (M-AnP) Reflects the endurance of the limb muscles (i.e. their
ability to maintain extremely high power.
The average anaerobic power over the 30-sec test
Glycolytic pathway appears to contribute most to theparticipants mean aerobic power
~ 49% of ATP production
Phosphagen system also contributes
Subjects reduced there phosphagen levels to 70% of theiroriginal ATP values and 40% of their original CP values afterperforming the test.
Expressed in both absolute terms (Watts) and relativeto the participants bodyweight (Watts/kg)
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Variables that are Assessed
Total Work (w) The total work is based upon the number of
revolutions at the end of the 30-sec test
Expressed in both absolute terms (N
m; J) and
relative to the participants bodyweight (J/kg)
Fatigue Index (FI)
The degree of decrease in power from the peakanaerobic power to the lowest anaerobic power.
Typically 40% or more
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Variables that are Assessed
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Performing the Test
Protocol has five distinct time periods:
Prior Exercise
5 min cycling at low intensity interspersed with 4-5 sprints of 4-6 seconds at
prescribed force
Recovery Interval
2-5 minutes of rest or cycling against minimal force
Acceleration Period
1st Phase: cycle for 5-10 seconds at one-third of prescribed force at 20-50
RPM
2nd Phase: Cycle 1-5 seconds against approach to prescribed force at
maximal RPM
Alternate: Have subject reach maximal RPMs against no-load and drop the
basket immediately at maximal RPMs
Wingate Test
Cycle at highest RPMs possible against prescribed force for 30 seconds
Cool-Down Period
2-3 minutes of cycling at low to moderate aerobic power level
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Methodological Considerations
Optimization of Force
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Methodological Considerations
Optimization of Force (contd)
General recommendations when using
Monark cycle ergometer
Adult Non-Athletes: 0.090 kp/kg body weight
Adult Athletes: 0.100 kp/kg body weight
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Methodological Considerations
Duration of Test Have ranged from 30 seconds to 2 min.
General consensus is that a 30 second test is
optimal. Motivation
General consensus is that conventional
encouragement of feedback does not affect results
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Methodological Considerations
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Methodological Considerations
Warm-Up One study showed that a 15 minute intermittent
warm-up (30 seconds on, 30 seconds off) on a
treadmill increased mean power by ~7% but had noeffect on peak power.
Regardless, warm-up should be standardized.
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Reliability of the Wingate Test
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Reliability of the Wingate Test
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Validity of the Wingate Test
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Validity of the Wingate Test
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Wingate Compared to Other Anaerobic Tests
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Calculations
Pk-AnP Should be expressed in Watts
Best to use the newton (N) unit as the expression offorce (rather than kg)
1 kg = 9.81 N
Pk-AnP (Nmsec-1; W) = (N x (Rmax x 6))/5
Example:
A persons highest 5 second interval was 12 revolutions ata force setting of 4.6 kg (45 N)
Pk-AnP = (45 x (12 x 6))/5 = 648 W
Divide Pk-AnP by the persons bodyweight (kg) to
get relative Pk-AnP
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Calculations
Total Work w (Nm; J) = N x (R x 6)
N = the force in Newtons
R = the total number of revolutions in 30 seconds M-AnP
M-AnP (W; Jsec-1) = total work / 30 s
Divide M-AnP by the persons bodyweight (kg) toget relative M-AnP
Fatigue Index
FI (%) = ((Pk-AnP lowest AnP) / Pk-AnP) x 100
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Hand Calculations
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Hand Calculations
12.67 REV
10.25 REV
9.25 REV
8.42 REV
7.58 REV
6.83 REV
Total = 55 REV
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Norms
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Norms
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Norms
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Norms
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Class Laboratory Exercise
As many students as would like Allstudents who are able will perform a
Wingate Anaerobic Test
Our research question:
Do males and females differ with
respect to the different variablesassessed from a Wingate Anaerobic
Test.
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Data