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How was DNA determined to be the genetic material?
A connection between data and conclusions!
A picture is worth 1000 words!!!
Your Assignment:
• Identify the purpose of the given experiment.• State your scientists’ hypothesis.• Explain the methods (include new vocab!).• Explain the data they got.• Connect the experiment to the conclusion about
DNA
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Griffith and Avery
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Hershey and Chase
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Photo 51 and Chargaff’s Rules (Watson and Crick’s Model)
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Messelson and Stahl
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DNA Replication and Enzymes• Using a video, review the process of DNA
replication• Identify the role of the following enzymes:
– Helicase, DNA polymerase (more than one role), nuclease, single-stranded binding protein, ligase, primase
– Classify enzymes as: leading strand replication, lagging strand replication, proofreading (may have more than one function
– Clarify the direction the template strand is read and the place on the new strand where a nucleotide is added. Identify the role of the additional phosphate groups on the nucleotide.
Summary of Replication
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Beyond the double helix: DNA’s organization
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Histones
• Material: Protein
• Function: Organize DNA
• Big Idea #2 (Regulation):What does acetylation do?
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DNA Methylation
• Adding a CH3 to the DNA backbone can shut off the “gene” from working.
• Gene: sequence of DNA that codes for a particular protein
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Big Idea #2 & 3: The function of DNA can be controlled at the
DNA structural level!
• This is “epigenetics”!
• Our epigenetics friends will delve further into this :)
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Chromosome vs. Chromatin
• Almost a continuum• When does DNA
condense into chromosomes?
• Why does the cell expend energy to organize the DNA into chromosomes?
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