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8/13/2019 How to Use AutoCAD
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Introduction to AutoCAD
Vaisakh R Sarma
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OUTLINE
Giving commands
Object snap
Zooming and panning
Drawing 2D shapes Drawing 3D shapes
Editing
UCS
Assignment
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How do we give a command?
Command line
Toolbars(view/Toolbars)
Drop-down menus
You can pick any one(s) that you are comfortable with.
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What is OSNAP?
Osnap (Object Snap) settings make it easierto select a 2d objects points Endpoint
Midpoint
Perpendicular
Center ntersection
Osnap will be active when
AutoCAD is expecting you to
pick a point on the working area Type osnap on your
command window:
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Zooming...
You will need to zoom in and out while drawingwith AutoCAD. This doesnt change your objectsor UCS, only the way you see your workingspace. This can be done in many ways:
1. Scroll bars2. Typing zor zoomin your command window.
All
Center
Dynamic Extents
Previous
Scale
Window
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Lets draw a LINE:
remember that AutoCAD recognizes anobject by its coordinates. You will need twogiven points to draw a line.
You can start at a random point on yourWCS for your FIRST POINT, but you shouldspecify the coordinates of your SECONDPOINT.
(x1,y1,z1)
(x2,y2,z2)
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Lets draw a LINE (1):
1. Give the command Type line on the command window, OR Click on the line icon on the Draw toolbar, OR Select Line on the Draw menu
2. Specify the first point (a) Click on a random point on your working area
(black space)3. Specify the second point in relation to the
first point @distance
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Lets draw a LINE (2):
1. Hit F8 (ortho on)2. Give the command3. Specify the first point4. Specify the second point in relation to the
first point Point the cursor to the left hand side. You will
see that the cursor snaps only to 0o-90o-180o-270o
Type 7 and hit enter
a b7 units
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Lets draw a LINE (3):
If we know the coordinates of the line we wantto draw, we can simply type them into thecommand line. (However, this mostly isnot the case.)
1. Give the command2. Specify the first point (4,8,11)
3. Specify the second point (5,11,23)
a
b
(4,8,11)
(5,22,13)
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What else?
Rectangle: two diagonal lines(pick first point, select the second one
with relation to the first. @5
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Editing
COPY
MOVE
MIRROR
ARRAY
SCALE
STRETCH
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More editing
STRETCH
EXPLODE
OFFSET
ROTATE
ERASE
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Polyline (pline)
The PLINEcommand creates a chain linewith multiple vertexes and straight orcircular segments between the vertexes
Draw a closed shape with the plinecommand:
Then type PEDIT(polyline edit) on thecommand line and see what you can dowith it:Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Editvertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:
Try Width and Spline
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Hatching
Hatching is used to add shaded patterns to objects andshapes within an Autocad drawing. Hatch patterns canbe used to indicate a material to be used, such as aconcrete hatch. Alternatively it could be used to make anarea of a drawing stand out.
You will pick:
Pattern
Scale
Angle
points
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Solids contain the mass properties of 3Dobjects.
You can use the Solids toolbar for readilyaccessible objects
Box Cylinder
Wedge
You can use the Booleanoperations of
more complicated shapes. Union (join two solids)
Subtract (carve out the second solid from thefirst)
Intersection (only the common area)
Drawing SOLIDS
Torus Cone
Sphere
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To increase the number of faces
Tools > Options > Display tab >
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We can create solids by extruding as well
If youextrudea surface into the third
dimension, you simply add a thicknessinsection. This basically is same as creating asolid object
Extrude 5units 5 units
Extrude -4units
4 units
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UCS and WCS
The AutoCAD world is 3 dimensional. However, if wewant to draw a 2d object, such as a plan or a section,we will use only 2 dimensions (x and y).
WCS (world coordinate system) is the imaginary planethat is parallel to the ground. It is the default coordinatesystem.
Modifications made to the World Coordinate System(WCS) result in a User Coordinate System (UCS). It isthe plane that you work on. It enables the user to draw3 dimensional objects.
To create a new UCS, type ucs on the command window,
then say New and specify 3 points on your new UCSplane.
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Lets change the UCS
Prompt: Command: Type ucs and pressEnter. Prompt: Enter and option [New/Move/ orthoGraphic
/Prev/ Restore/Save/Del/ Apply/?/World] :Typein nfor theNewoption and pressEnter. Prompt: Specifyorigin of new UCS or [Zaxis/ 3point/ OBject/ Face/View/X/Y/Z : Type3 to select the 3point option andpress Enter.
Prompt: Specify a new origin point :Use an Osnapor coordinateto select the position for a new 0,0,0point (thisselects the junction of the X, Y, and Z axes). NOTE:TheintersectionOsnapwill NOT work with solid models.
Prompt:Specify point on positive portion of X-axis:Use an Osnapor coordinateto selectthe direction of the desiredX-axis.NOTE: The numbers inside the
brackets< > will not necessarily be the same as those shown inthis example.
Prompt: Specify point on positive-y portion of the UCS XYplane :Use an Osnapor coordinatetoselect the direction of the Y-axis. The UCS icon should changeposition to indicate the new UCS orientation.
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Thanks