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8/20/2019 How to Strengthen the Concrete and Structure
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Scheme of Presentation
Literature
Review
Experiment
al Work
MaterialSelection
AndCollection
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Literature Reie!
Concrete is the most important building material
in all countries and its consumption is increasingday to day. The reason is its components are
available every where and relatively
inexpensive, its production may be relatively
simple, its application covers large variety of building and civil infrastructures works.
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Continue….
"he concrete !ithout any fibers !ill deelop the crac#s due
to plastic shrin#age$ drying shrin#age and other reasons of
changes in olume of concrete. %lain concrete is a brittle
material and haing lo! alues of modulus of rupture and
strain capacity. In order to meet the re&uired alues offle'ural strength and enhances the strain capacity of the
plain concrete$ the fibers are being used in normal concrete.
"he addition of fibers in the plain concrete !ill control the
crac#ing due shrin#age and also reduce the bleeding of!ater. "he addition of glass fibers in plain concrete sho!s
higher fle'ural strength than plain concrete. Enironmental
and economic considerations played a great role in the
increase in use of mineral admi'tures.
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Aggrega tes
!ine%ggregate
•Source &esa # 'owshera$•(btained from )ing )oad Peshawar
Coarse%ggregate
• Source *argala hills #+slamabad$• (btained !rom )ing )oad Peshawar
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Ce me n t
Source ohat
CollectingPoint
)ing roadPeshawar
-uality !resh 'o lumps
found
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!l y %s h
Source 0
Si#ahemicalsIslamabad
olour0
*rey
1uality0
2ery )ine
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E'perimental 3or#
Specific
*raity ofAggregate
Absorption and(oisture ontent"est of Aggregate
%hysical andchemical test ofement and )ly
Ash
ompressie "estsof oncrete ubes
Siee Analysis ofAggregates
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Sieve %nalysis of !ine %ggregate
Sieve si0e #in$ t. )etained t. )etained Cumulative
#1$ )etained #1$
2 3 3 3
4 3 3 3
5 5.26 7.86 7.86
78 29.95 4.88 8.928
93 48.4; ;.2;5 76.824
63 786 99 45.824
733 753 98 54.824
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2 4 8 16 30 50 1000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Cumulative %age Retained
Cumulative %ageRetained
Sieve No . % a g e
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%erformance of Siee Analysis in oncrete Lab
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Siee Analysis of oarse aggregate
Sieve 'o.
eight )etained#"$
1age)etained
Cummulative 1age)etained
2> 3 3 3
7.6> 3 3 3
7> 3 3 3
9?4> 3.27 73.6 73.6
7?2> 7.29 87.6 2
9?5> 3.62 28 5.6 'o.4 3.34 2 25
Pan 3 3 2
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2 ! 1 ! 1"2 ! #o.40
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
$eive #o.Cummulative %ageRetained
Siee 4o.
% a g e
R e t a i n e
d
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Specific "ravity of !ine %ggregate
%= eight of (ven @ried %ggregate= 4;3 gm.
A= eight of Pycnometer B ater =853 gm.
C= AB wt. of SS@ fine %ggregate =;56 gm
S = t. of SS@ %ggregate = 633 gm.
Aulk Specific "ravity=
%pparent Specific "ravity=
ater %bsorption
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$&e'i(' )ravit* o+ Coar,e
-ggregate
%= eight of (ven @ried Coarse %ggregate= 7;53 gm
A=eight of SS@ Coarse %ggregate=2333 gm
C= eight of Coarse %ggregate in ater = 7266 g m
Aulk Specific gravity=
%pparent Specific "ravity=%bsorption=
•
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)odded Aulk @ensity of Coarse %ggregate
eight of Cube= 8.753 g
eight of cube BCoarse %ggregate#(ven @ried$= 77.76 g
'et eight of Coarse %ggregate= 6.696 g&olume of *ould # Cube$=3.726 ft9
Compaction of Coarse %ggregate in Three ayers
# ach ayer 26 Times with temping )od of 24D si0e and
dia of 6?5D$.
)odded Aulk @ensity= *ass ?&olume
=
•
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Specific "ravity of cement
Sp."ravity of cement=9.76
#Performed at PCS+) %A$
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Chemical Composition of Cement
4ame of o'ide Abbreiation ement ,5/
Silicon o'ide Si67 78.9:
Aluminum o'ide Al76;
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Chemical Composition of !ly ash
4ame of o'ide Abbreiation )ly ash ,5/
Silicon o'ide Si(2 7.34
Aluminum o'ide %l2(9 5.96
Iron o'ide !e2(9 7.62
alcium o'ide Ca( 2.76
(agnesium o'ide *g( 9.22
Loss on Ignition (+ 77.;2
Sodium 'a2( 3.5
Chemical composition was provided by Sika Chemicals +slamabad
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)uture 3or# in the Research
Preparation of *ix @esign
Preparation (f *ix ratio
Preparation of Concrete Cubes?Cylinder
Testing of Cubes?Cylinders