How to Make a Poster Presentation Using Powerpoint Kimberly
Hannula (e-mail: [email protected])[email protected]
Department of Geosciences, Fort Lewis College Introduction: Why
Posters? Posters are one way to present your research to an
audience. Poster presentations allow a large number of presenters
to show their work at once. They typically are held in large
exhibit halls in convention centers, though they can be held in
smaller spaces (such as the FLC Ballroom) at smaller conferences.
During a poster session, the audience wanders around the poster
hall, looking for posters that seem interesting. The poster
presenters stand beside their poster, waiting for people to come
by. Sometimes the audience will read the poster, and sometimes they
will expect the presenter to give a short explanation of the main
points of the research. Posters create an opportunity for the
audience members to discuss the research with the presenter,
sometimes in great detail, and sometime briefly. Topic: The
Rhetoric of a Poster A poster is just another way to communicate.
That means that the decisions that you make when you design your
poster are similar to those you make when writing: Who is my
audience? What do they already know or believe? Whats the best
approach to communicate with them? What is my purpose? Whats the
most appropriate way to achieve my purpose, given my audience?
(Logic? Emotional appeal?) On the other hand, posters are a much
more visual way to communicate than talks or papers are. Your
audience needs to be able to understand your point easily from a
distance. That means that you should use images to convey as much
of your message as possible. Topic: Organization Although you dont
want to rely primarily on words to communicate your ideas in a
poster, you can organize your ideas in a similar way that you would
in a paper. Posters, like papers, generally begin with an
introduction and end with a conclusion. The parts in the middle
will depend on the ideas that you want to convey. Each text box on
this poster could be replaced with a heading representing a major
section of a paper. In the sciences, the headings are often
Background, Methods, Data, Interpretation, and Discussion, but they
may be organized by less generic topics. (For example, Tectonic
Setting, Field Observations, Microstructures, Sequence of
Metamorphic Mineral Growth, and Proposed Structural History in one
of my geology posters.) In other fields, the topics could be the
organized like a traditional philosophical argument, could provide
examples that back up the thesis statement, or could explain the
process of writing a piece of music or creating a work of art.
Headings make it easier for the audience to understand the flow of
ideas in the poster. In addition, the layout of the poster provides
hints about the order in which the topics are meant to be read: in
English, we read from top to bottom and left to right. In some
fields, it is traditional to number the sections of the poster, to
provide an additional clue about the order in which the text boxes
are intended to be read. Topic: Layout Graphic design is an
important component of posters. The examples below illustrate a few
of the ways in which the layout of the poster can be used to
communicate your ideas and draw attention to specific aspects of
your work. Text Boxes This example poster is arranged using text
boxes. The size of the boxes can be changed by grabbing the squares
or circles at the sides of the box and dragging them to the size
that you like. You can also right-click on a text box to get a
contextual menu that allows you to adjust the size. Text boxes in
Powerpoint will lengthen to make room for all the text that you
type. If you want the text box to be larger than the text (say, to
give you room for a picture in the same box as the text, add s
until the box is large enough. Fonts and Font Sizes There are two
principles that should guide your choice of fonts in a poster.
1)The text should be readable from a distance when it is plotted.
That means it should be big (minimum of 18 point for normal text;
this poster uses 20 point). That also means that not every font is
suitable for posters. Some good choices include: Arial Times New
Roman Avoid using fonts that only make capital letters Or overly
ornate fonts Or fonts that look like youre writing a comic book.
2)The font (and effects like bold, italics, underline, and size)
should be used to help the audience understand the structure of
your argument This poster uses Arial 72-point for the title,
36-point font for major headings, and 28-point font for minor
headings. Color You can use color in a number of ways to draw
attention to parts of your poster. You can change the fill color of
your text boxes, you can change the line color (and style) of your
text boxes, and you can change the background of your poster (in
the same way that you would change the background of a slide in a
regular Powerpoint presentation. If you use an image in the
background, remember that you want the audience to be able to read
any text on your poster, so you will need to think about using the
color of text or text boxes to make everything easy to read. You
can make a text box partly transparent if you want the picture to
be visible behind the text. Images You want to tell your story with
pictures. Those pictures can include photos, graphs, maps, drawings
of any type, musical scores any kind of image you can think of.
Images generally have captions that explain what the audience is
supposed to see. If you did not create an image yourself, you need
to cite the source of the image in the caption. If you want images
to appear in a box with related text, youll need to make the text
box bigger (by adding s), and drag your image into the space in the
text box. Fig. 2. Cameron used photos, graphs, a map, and a
simplified diagram to tell his story. Fig. 1. During a poster
presentation, you can discuss your ideas one-on-one with members of
your audience. At a professional meeting, you might even be
recruited for graduate school or for a job because of a
conversation you had at your poster. Discussion: Other Possible
Software Adobe Illustrator To use: Set up the size of your poster
in the artboard when you begin designing it. Save as a.pdf file for
printing. Advantages: Drawing tools are much more advanced than the
basic ones in Powerpoint, making it possible to create your own.
Disadvantages: Text boxes require a couple steps to create (make a
colored box, then make a second box to contain text, then type
text) Powerful but complicated program difficult to learn in a
short period of time. ArcGIS To use: Talk to Scott White or Lauren
Heerschap about adapting ArcGIS to posters. Advantages: If you are
using GIS to create maps as a central part of a project, you can
make the poster in the same software. Plotting using ArcGIS is the
same as plotting any other map for GIS. Disadvantages: If you
havent taken a GIS class, you probably shouldnt try to learn GIS to
make a poster. Conclusion Giving a poster is a satisfying
experience. It is a lot of work at the beginning, but the actual
presentation is a lot of fun. Fig. 2. The images in a poster are
what the audience notices first, and lead to many valuable
discussions. Fig. 3. Liz feels like she has accomplished something
big and she has. References If anything on your poster is derived
from the work of other people, cite your source. Use the reference
formats used in your discipline. Acknowledgements This is where you
thank people who helped you (but who arent authors of written
sources). Thanks to Maureen Brandon and Bridget Irish for advice
about what to include, and Cynthia Dott for her original poster
template.