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How to Improve Living Standards

Unit 1: Human Geography Social Studies 11

Ms. Thind

CIDA

CIDA: Canadian Development Agency.

Manage support and resources effectively and accountably to achieve meaningful, sustainable results.

Some countries CIDA is focusing on: Bolivia, Honduras, Peru, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Senegal, and Sudan.

http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/ACDI-CIDA.nsf/eng/FRA-71314847-PAJ

Debt Relief

IMF: International Monetary Fund encourage SAP’s and HIPC initiative to ensure they do not get crippled by debt provide relief.

World Bank

Medical Aid

UNICEF: UN organization to ensure children’s basic needs are met. (1976)- Goal: to control the under-five mortality rate.- 6.9 million children under 5 died in 2011 19,000 a day.- ½ in India, Nigeria, Congo, Pakistan and China.

http://www.unicef.org/

Medical Aid

WHO: UN agency responsible for providing leadership on global health matters and setting norms and standards.

High percentage of death and disease in HIDC’s is due to poor drinking water and sanitation one of the Millennium Development Goals.

Millennium Development Goals (MGDs)

UN, government agencies, and NGO’s work together to:

End poverty and hunger

Universal education

Gender equality

Maternal health

Combat HIV/AIDS

Environmental sustainability

Global partnership by 2012.

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/bkgd.shtml

Medical Aid

UNAIDS: UN program on HIV/AIDS: an innovative partnership that leads and inspires the world in achieving universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support

UNAIDS: How to combat HIV/AIDS

1. Reduce sexual transmission.

2. Prevent HIV transmission by drug users.

3. Eliminate new infection rates among children.

4. Eliminate gender inequalities.

5. Eliminate stigma and discrimination.

6. Strengthen HIV integration.

Medical Aid

UNESCO: UNESCO works to create the conditions for dialogue among civilizations, cultures and peoples, based upon respect for commonly shared values.

including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) underpin all UNESCO’s strategies and activities.

UNESCO’s mission is to contribute to the building of peace, the eradication of poverty, sustainable development and intercultural dialogue through education, the sciences, culture, communication and information.

Foreign Aid: aid from industrialized countries to

developing countries. Bilateral Aid - aid from

one country to another.

- Most common type.

Tied Aid- aid with

conditions.- Eg:

recipient must buy or use goods and services from donor country.

- Critics: Industrialized countries benefit at the expense of developing country.

Multilateral Aid- Aid by

different organizations.

- Eg: World Bank, UNESCO, WHO.

ODA: - Aid in the form of loans, grants, and technical assistance to promote economic development.

NGO: organizations that act independently from any forms

of government.Eg: Habitat for Humanity,

Salvation Army, Canadian Red Cross

Read pgs. 413-417.

1. How will improving the living conditions of children in developing nations benefit Canada?

2. What three priorities should Canada follow in distributing aid. Support your answers.

3. What are the advantages/disadvantages of targeting 80% of Canada’s bilateral assistance to 20 priority countries?

Case Study pg. 418-419.

4. List reasons for and against giving aid to countries whose governments have poor human rights.

5. Which side do you support. Explain.