How To DoHow To Doan AHAPan AHAP

How To DoHow To Doan AHAPan AHAP

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A “Dazzling” D.B.Q.A “Dazzling” D.B.Q.Is Like a Tasty Is Like a Tasty

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A “Dazzling” D.B.Q.A “Dazzling” D.B.Q.Is Like a Tasty Is Like a Tasty

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The The “Top Bun”“Top Bun” of your essay! of your essay!

4-6 sentences4-6 sentences

The Introductory The Introductory ParagraphParagraph

The Introductory The Introductory ParagraphParagraph

Thesis StatementThesis Statement• Pretend you are an attorney delivering opening Pretend you are an attorney delivering opening

arguments…arguments…• DO NOT—simply restate the questionDO NOT—simply restate the question• Make a strong thesis like thisMake a strong thesis like this

– Provide a little backgroundProvide a little background• After the defeat of the Spanish Armada…After the defeat of the Spanish Armada…

– Make sure that you mention the individuals by name Make sure that you mention the individuals by name and how they relate w/o stating they are similar but and how they relate w/o stating they are similar but different—DO NOT USE first names—are you on a different—DO NOT USE first names—are you on a first name basis with John Smith?first name basis with John Smith?

– Never ask a question—as the writer of this document, Never ask a question—as the writer of this document, youyou have all the answers have all the answers

1.1. Establish Establish TIME & PLACETIME & PLACE..

2.2. Create a clear, Create a clear, THESIS THESIS STATEMENTSTATEMENT..

3.3. Allude to the Allude to the SUB-TOPICSSUB-TOPICS or or categories you will discuss to categories you will discuss to support your thesis statementsupport your thesis statement

4.4. Focus on the question at hand—Focus on the question at hand—do NOT begin with a “flowery” do NOT begin with a “flowery” sentence!sentence!

5.5. Remember….organization is key!!Remember….organization is key!!

The Introductory ParagraphThe Introductory ParagraphThe Introductory ParagraphThe Introductory Paragraph

No “laundry list!”No “laundry list!”

Sample Thesis StatementSample Thesis StatementDuring the time of salutary neglect, the thirteen colonies flourished

economically and politically since Great Britain was involved in a series of wars. However, when Great Britain returned attention to the colonies, it was found that not only were the colonies governing themselves, but they refused to be governed by Great Britain. The time period in which Great Britain was involved in a series of wars, therefore propelled the colonies to become more independent, so by the eve of the Revolution, colonists had a strong sense of identity and unity. Their sense of identity was formed by their different origins and their increased separation from Great Britain. Furthermore, due to self-governance, their government representation became united to the benefit of the colonies. Geographically, the colonies were bound to be separated from Great Britain since it was harder to represent the colonists in Parliament, and it was even harder for Parliament and the King to understand their thoughts and lifestyles. Due to these differences identity and unity emerged.

Red = Background info-est time and placeRed = Background info-est time and place

Blue = Thesis statement-this is what you are proving throughout your paperBlue = Thesis statement-this is what you are proving throughout your paper

Purple = Major points that support your thesis statement—not a laundry listPurple = Major points that support your thesis statement—not a laundry list

The The “tasty” part“tasty” part of your of your essay!essay!

8-12 sentences+ per 8-12 sentences+ per paragraphparagraph

The “The “””MeatMeat””” Paragraphs” ParagraphsThe “The “””MeatMeat””” Paragraphs” Paragraphs

1.1. Identify your sub-topic or category in the first sentence. Identify your sub-topic or category in the first sentence. (FOLLOW THE ORGANIZATION IN YOUR THESIS)(FOLLOW THE ORGANIZATION IN YOUR THESIS)

2.2. Include analysis of the documents that are relevant to Include analysis of the documents that are relevant to support the ideas in each paragraph.support the ideas in each paragraph.

3.3. Use Use ALLALL of the documents given. of the documents given.

4.4. Address at least 1 of the following for each documentAddress at least 1 of the following for each document

a.a. Intended audienceIntended audience

b.b. PurposePurpose

c.c. Historical contextHistorical context

5.5. Bring in supportive outside information. Bring in supportive outside information. This is criticalThis is critical!!!! * * o.i.’so.i.’s = “ = “ooutside utside iinformation”nformation”

6.6. Connect historical phenomena relevant to the argument to Connect historical phenomena relevant to the argument to broader historical eventsbroader historical events

The “The “””MeatMeat””” Paragraphs” ParagraphsThe “The “””MeatMeat””” Paragraphs” Paragraphs

TransitionTransition• Your paper should flow…transition from Your paper should flow…transition from

topic to topic as well as from paragraph to topic to topic as well as from paragraph to paragraphparagraph

• Do not end a paragraph and then abruptly Do not end a paragraph and then abruptly began another onebegan another one– Transition words/phrases:Transition words/phrases:

• Adams on the other hand represented a new form Adams on the other hand represented a new form of government…of government…

• As Adams vacated the Presidency, Jefferson and As Adams vacated the Presidency, Jefferson and his Jeffersonian-Republican party emerged.his Jeffersonian-Republican party emerged.

The The “Bottom Bun”“Bottom Bun” of your of your essay!essay!

It holds it all together!It holds it all together!

3-4 sentences3-4 sentences

The Concluding The Concluding ParagraphParagraph

The Concluding The Concluding ParagraphParagraph

1.1. Start with a “concluding phrase.”Start with a “concluding phrase.”

2.2. You MUST include synthesis of the argument in your You MUST include synthesis of the argument in your conclusionconclusion

a.a. Extend or modify your thesis statement Extend or modify your thesis statement

b.b. Recognize contradictory information as another approach to Recognize contradictory information as another approach to the problemthe problem

c.c. Connect to other historical periods, geographical area, Connect to other historical periods, geographical area, contexts or circumstancescontexts or circumstances

End of some trend/movement/idea, End of some trend/movement/idea, etc.etc.

Beginning of some Beginning of some trend/movement/ideatrend/movement/idea

End of one & beginning of another.End of one & beginning of another.

Do NOT end on the note that this is Do NOT end on the note that this is the reason we are where we are the reason we are where we are today!today!

The Concluding” ParagraphThe Concluding” ParagraphThe Concluding” ParagraphThe Concluding” Paragraph

Avoiding weak wordsAvoiding weak words• Use strong higher order thinking language Use strong higher order thinking language

(elevate your vocab)(elevate your vocab)• Do NOT use pronouns (I, you, we, they etc)Do NOT use pronouns (I, you, we, they etc)• Do NOT use phrases (in my opinion) Do NOT use phrases (in my opinion) • Do NOT use clichés or broad unsubstantiated Do NOT use clichés or broad unsubstantiated

statements (George Washington was the BEST statements (George Washington was the BEST president EVER!!!)president EVER!!!)

• DO NOT use words such as “talks about” “this is DO NOT use words such as “talks about” “this is about” “says” “good” “bad” “a lot” “tells of” “things” about” “says” “good” “bad” “a lot” “tells of” “things” “forever” “never” “the paper discusses” “got” “get” “forever” “never” “the paper discusses” “got” “get” etc…etc…

Instead…use this language…Instead…use this language…

• USE…words such as USE…words such as – ““The author contends” The author contends” – ““Brinkley asserts” Brinkley asserts” – ““Washington espouses in his Farewell Address” Washington espouses in his Farewell Address” – ““The author’s perspective illustrates the point”….The author’s perspective illustrates the point”….

Other writing styles to avoidOther writing styles to avoid

– George Washington was the BEST President George Washington was the BEST President EVEREVER

– No one could ever be a better PresidentNo one could ever be a better President– The country would not be like it is today if not for The country would not be like it is today if not for

the most courageous efforts….blah blah blah…the most courageous efforts….blah blah blah…– You could definitely say….just state it…You could definitely say….just state it…

1.1. Attribution Attribution Who is this person? Who is this person?

2.2. Why might they be significant?Why might they be significant?

3.3. What is the point of view (POV) of the What is the point of view (POV) of the author?author?

4.4. How reliable and accurate is the source? How reliable and accurate is the source? (bias)(bias)

5.5. What is the tone or intent (purpose) of What is the tone or intent (purpose) of the document or author?the document or author?

6.6. What other information does this What other information does this document call to mind? Use all available document call to mind? Use all available clues.clues.

Remember, docs. can be used in a variety of Remember, docs. can be used in a variety of ways!ways!

Questions to Ask Yourself About Questions to Ask Yourself About the Documentsthe Documents

Questions to Ask Yourself About Questions to Ask Yourself About the Documentsthe Documents

The The 1919cc historian, Frederick Jackson historian, Frederick Jackson TurnerTurner, felt that …………………. , felt that …………………. (Doc.2)(Doc.2)

NEVERNEVER begin with: In Document 3, begin with: In Document 3, ……

How to Reference a How to Reference a Document in Your EssayDocument in Your Essay

How to Reference a How to Reference a Document in Your EssayDocument in Your Essay

NEVERNEVER cite multiple documents at cite multiple documents at once (1, 4 & 7)once (1, 4 & 7)

NEVERNEVER use long quotes or use long quotes or reference directly from the reference directly from the

documents “the chart in documents “the chart in Document 5…”Document 5…”

Put It All Together, And . . . .Put It All Together, And . . . .Put It All Together, And . . . .Put It All Together, And . . . .

Ummmmm, Burger!Ummmmm, Burger!Ummmmm, Burger!Ummmmm, Burger!

I Mean, I Mean, A Perfect DBQA Perfect DBQ!!I Mean, I Mean, A Perfect DBQA Perfect DBQ!!

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