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    How to calculate UPS battery backupMarch 4, 2009 - 11:55 | Munteanu Sabina

    It is nearly impossible to know when the next power outage will occur and frankly, they can be

    rather damaging unless you have the tendency to save your work every 2 minutes. I remember

    I have been working on this Photoshop file for nearly two hours, and a power outage came and

    erased everything I worked on the next day I went to the market and bought an UPS. Now,

    before I bore you with useless stories let us see what you can find within this article:

    The answer to the popular question how to calculateups battery back-upWhat is an UPS with friendl detailsWhat t es of UPS ou can find on the market

    Introduction to the UPS battery back up

    UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) systems have been built to compensate for those power

    outages and to help you save your system and your work. You might have found out by now

    that those sudden changes in voltages can affect your computer it can damage your powersystem along with your main board and CPU. Aside from this, it can produce light damage to

    your hard drives and other devices you have in your computer. The bottom line is power

    outages are harmful for both your work and your PC. The thing is, UPS have become quite

    useful especially nowadays when they can have up to one hour battery back-up which gives you

    enough time to complete your work and shut down the computer safely. However, how does a

    UPS work? Simple, when your power line distributes power within normal parameters, the UPS

    stores power, therefore whenever a power outage occurs UPSes act like a battery (similar to

    the back-up battery existing in laptops, only larger and based on a different principle).

    [inline:1]

    Any UPS system is placed between your equipment and the power socket. When electricity

    flows from the socket to the UPS and then to the computer, the battery is continuously checking

    power levels, and collecting power at the same time. When the electricity flow is not within

    normal parameters anymore, the UPS will start compensating for the lack of power by

    connecting the batteries. Once the power flow has been restored, the UPS will start recharging

    its batteries again. Owning an UPS, battery back up will not only protect you from poweroutages, but also from changes in the power flow (lower voltage may damage your

    components too).

    Types of UPS battery back-up

    The market is full of UPS battery back-up systems and some of them have different purposes.

    Here are the two most popular types you can find on the market at any time:

    Offline UPS Offline UPS battery back-up systems work similar to laptop batteries. Oncethe power source is removed, they kick in and supply the needed amount of power, andonce the power outage is removed, the UPS goes back to recharging its batteries. The onlyinconvenience he re is the fact that when power is restored, the UPS temporarily closes thetransfer of power bet ween the computer and the source thus making it an unreliable choicein man cases.

    Online UPS This is one of the most reliable types of UPS battery back-up systems sincethey provide e lectricity at any t ime, w ithout any closing dow n of powe r transfers (similar tothe offline UPS). Basically, an online UPS will not only protect your computer for power

    outa es but also from volta e irre ularities.

    5 Kva UPS

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    About Munteanu Sabina

    AboutTall, insane programmer,photographer and reader

    Homepagehttp://arcsine.wordpress.com/about/

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  • 7/27/2019 How to Calculate UPS Battery Backup _ Backup HowTo

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    Tags: UPS

    Art icles: Others

    How to calculate ups battery backup

    When I first asked this question myself, a friend of mine kindly sent me to the manual (a joke,

    obviously). In the meantime, I found out that calculating ups batter back up is not such a big

    deal as I might have thought in the first place. In order to make everything as clear as I can, I

    will use a small example. Let us assume the following ideas:

    Inverter efficiency of UPS battery is 90% (the norm is somewhere between 90% and 98%)Battery end point voltage 1.67 (usually specified on the UPS itself, or in its manual)

    Environmental tem erature 77F

    Assuming that we know the following things about our UPS : one string of batteries, 30 each,

    UPS rating 40kW and 6 cells per unit, we can break down the calculations in three steps:

    1.) Actual battery load for 40kW

    40kW 90% efficiency means an actual 44.4kW load

    (you can calculate this by dividing the rating of the UPS by inverter efficiency 40/0.9 =

    44.4kW)

    2.) Watts per Battery

    44.4kw (previously calculated) will be divided by the number of batteries we have available, and

    the result will lead to 1481 watts per battery.

    (you can calculate this using the equation: 44.4Kw/30 = 1481W)

    3.) Watts per each Cell

    Giving the necessary data we will deduct that each cell needs 247W.

    (calculate this using the equation: 1481W / 6 (the number of cells per unit) = 247 watts per

    each cell)

    Now we can easily estimate the run-time of your UPS battery back up system. Giving the fact

    that we know that each batter has about 247W per each cell, and we have a battery end point

    voltage of 1.67V your run time should be somewhere between 45 minutes and 60 minutes.

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    Comments

    ups backup time

    Can you help me how you calculate the back up time from 45 to 60 miutes

    can you provide me with the equation

    Log in or register to post comments

    how to calculate 45 minute to 60 minute.

    how can u calculate 45 minute to 60 minute?

    Log in or register to post comments

    backup culculations

    I would urge the auther to varify the culculations and the procedure used,i have a load of

    15KVA which must be kept active for 2 hrs in case of power failure. with this info i cannot use

    your procedures to culculate the Ahr for the battery requires.Below wil be of more use to fellow

    engineers:

    Number of batteries = N =20

    Voltage of each battery = V = 12 V

    Ampere-hour of each battery (AH) = X

    Number of Operational hours = T = 2 hrs

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    Volt-Ampere = (N * V * X)/ T

    15000 = (20*12*X)/2

    15000 = 120X

    X= 125 AH

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    backup culculations

    This calculation does not take into consideation the UPS power factor , and the inverter

    effeciancy ,

    are you using the batteries to directly supply load ? i.e DC backup system ? or there is a UPS ?

    if you are using a DC backup , then simply calculate the load current

    A lead acid battery can supply 100% of its rated current for 30min before the voltage drop to

    10.5v and become unusable

    if you are looking for an hour of backup , limit your load to 60% of the battery rated capacity ,

    35% for 2 hours, 25% for 3 hours. assuming temp = 25 degrees C.

    example if you require 60A for one hour , then use a 100Ah Battery @ 25 degree C

    hope this helps

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    battery

    hello sir

    i want to know one think,how to calculate the number of battery we have to used

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    Calculation formula UPS backup time

    Sir/Madam,

    Please give me the formula for calculating the UPS backup time.

    Also explain me the UPS backup time with the below Given details.

    Example:

    UPS Rating = 1500VA

    No. of Batteries = 2

    Battery voltage = 12V

    Battery rating = 17AH

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    UPS Back up time (in Hrs) =

    UPS Back up time (in Hrs) = ( DC voltage of battery x AH rating of battery x Efficiency) / VA

    rating of UPS

    Assuming that efficiency of UPS is 90%, the back up time for your case is as under;

    = ( 2 x12 x 17 x 0.9 ) / 1500 = 0.24 hours

    Say 15 minutes

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    how to calculate the ups battery

    I want to know on how to calculate the ups battery, example 40 nos. of ups battery, 12 volts of

    each battery, and 40Ah, how many hours can back up if the power supply is failure. please give

    me the formula

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    Where do you get 15 minutes

    Where do you get 15 minutes from YOUR formula dickhead?

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    Sorr ....let me clarif m

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  • 7/27/2019 How to Calculate UPS Battery Backup _ Backup HowTo

    4/5

    8/8/13 How to calculate UPS battery backup | Backup HowTo

    www.backuphowto.info/how-calculate-ups-battery-backup

    PermalinkSubmitted by Anonymous (not verified) on March 24, 2010 - 00:00.

    PermalinkSubmitted by Anonymous (not verified) on May 4, 2010 - 19:30.

    PermalinkSubmitt ed by rehan (not verified) on May 13, 2010 - 13:59.

    PermalinkSubmitted by Anonymous (not verified) on July 13, 2010 - 16:53.

    PermalinkSubmitted by Eq (not verified) on July 30, 2010 - 06:09.

    PermalinkSubmitted by epoxy flooring delhi (not verified) on July 30, 2010 - 10:14.

    PermalinkSubmitted by epoxy flooring delhi (not verified) on July 30, 2010 - 10:16.

    Sorry....let me clarify my last responce....I see where you get the 15 minutes from the actual

    formula, but I don't see how you can get 15 minutes. You haven't even considered in your

    formula floating voltage and end of discharge voltages.

    I,m sorry to point out a truth...but none of you in this forum seem to have any clue!!!

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    UPS Verification

    hello there! and I hope someone there can help me with this. I followed you formula to find out

    how many minutes this UPS will back up. Please let me know what I am doing wrong.UPS specs:

    120V AC in and 120V AC.

    Battery efficiency: 0.83

    Battery: (4) 48V, 12 Ah, Sealed maintenance-free, valve-regulated, lead-acid.

    EBM: "External Battery Module"

    Battery efficiency: 0.83

    Battery: (8) 24V, 9 Ah, Sealed maintenance-free, valve-regulated, lead-acid.

    UPS has to hold for 30 minutes this load 1638VA.

    formula: UPS Back up time (in Hrs) = ( DC voltage of battery x AH rating of battery x Efficiency)

    / VA

    [(48+24) x (12+9)] x .8/1638 = 0.74 hours

    about 45 minutes.

    However the solution that I got from the UPS selector come back with only 35 minutes. The

    reason I am doing this is because I need to show calculation to show that this UPS would hold

    the load.

    Any help would be very appreciated.

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    batteries needed

    I am trying to achieve 5-7 minutes of back up time for a 300kVA UPS system. Currently the

    system has no batteries and I dont know what size would work at a full load.

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    backup calculations

    Its not possible to calculate the battery ratting through any formula accurately.

    I have tried different formulas but practically they all become false.

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    ups back up time

    in yr exapmle 20 nos of 125 ah 12 v are connected in series ?

    then what will be battery discharge current say at 10000 load

    practically taken 10kva is max load connected to this ups

    such that what willbe the back up time

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    This is only a theory.

    This is only a theory. Practically, most UPS just don't last, burning their diodes after 20-30

    minutes of power outage. The battery degrades over time as well. The main purpose of suchUPS - just give you couple of minutes to finish and save your work or initiate server shutdown.

    If you plan to WORK during power outage, you have to connect gas/diesel generator to UPS. All

    outages I remember were very short (minutes) or very long (hours). There is no affordable

    UPS that will survive under load for more than hour.

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    Nice comment

    It is really a nice comment on this post with have a great thought.....

    Log in or register to post comments

    Good mathematics

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  • 7/27/2019 How to Calculate UPS Battery Backup _ Backup HowTo

    5/5

    8/8/13 How to calculate UPS battery backup | Backup HowTo

    www.backuphowto.info/how-calculate-ups-battery-backup

    PermalinkSubmitted by Anonymous (not verified) on August 2, 2010 - 20:37.

    PermalinkSubmitted by Mustafa (not verified) on August 19, 2010 - 04:24.

    PermalinkSubmitted by tygrus on January 18, 2011 - 03:44.

    PermalinkSubmitted by er_satvinder on February 12, 2011 - 23:51.

    I find here a good formula on this nice comment

    http://www.reliancechemicals.in

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    Where do you get 15 minutes

    dickhead, 25% of an hour is 15 mins. now no one gonna teach you maths here.

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    confused

    Hello, Really what a nice Post. Now I really kinda lost because i want to run both my Compaq

    laptop and my speed-touch wireless Router for about an Hour, and i really i was hoping if you

    can let me know a product that would do it, because i really can't figure it out.

    Thanks

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    Battery capacity varies with load

    Although a battery maybe rated at X amp-hours you will get less than half of that available

    when discharged at faster than an hour. A 18Ah @20hr discharge rate can only provide 10.8Ah

    for 1hr. Its not that the electrical charge has suddenly disappeared but internal resistance

    rises, available voltage drops and the devices shuts off at 10.# volts per 12v SLA battery. Youcould in theory use 7Ah in the first hour then another 7Ah over the next 6hrs but not the other

    way around.

    The other issue is the non-linear efficiency of the inverter and monitoring circuitry. eg. A 1w

    load will still require .8A or ~20w from the battery, 50w requires 70w, 300w requires 330w,

    700w requires 742w from a 24v SLA battery using a 1000w inverter. Most efficient near max

    load. Inverters may overheat if used at max. load for more than 30mins but the standard

    batteries dont last that long at max load. The cheaper the device, the less likely it will handle

    the extremes. A 150w inverter will keep a 50w load running longer than a 1000w inverter and

    50w load connected to the same size battery. Also, after 2 years and 12 deep discharges (run

    flat for >50% load) the battery will have reduced capacity and may be half the runtime. Its

    better to start with 20mins and end up with 10, than to start with 6mins and end up with 3mins.

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    ups backup time formula

    UPS Back up time (in Hrs) = ( No. of DC battery X voltage rating of battery X AH rating of

    battery ) / VA of ups installed

    = ( 2 x12 x 17 ) / 1500 = 0.272 hours

    Say 15 minutes

    Submitted by

    Satwinder Singh

    [email protected]

    if any query email your concern

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