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Jul 21, 2007 My Digital Life Editorial Team 38 Comments
How to Backup and Restore (Export and Import)ySQL Databases
Tutorial
phpMyAdmin can be used to export or backup MySQL databases
easily. However, if the database
size is very big, it probably wont be a good idea. phpMyAdmin
allows users to save database dump as
file or display on screen, which involves exporting SQL
statements from the server, and transmitting the
data across slower network connection or Internet to users
computer. This process slow the exporting
process, increase database locking time and thus MySQL
unavailability, slow the server and may simply
crash the Apache HTTPD server if too many incoming web
connections hogging the systems
resources.
The better way to backup and export MySQL database is by doing
the task locally on the server, so that
the tables data can be instantly dumped on the local disk
without delay. Thus export speed will be faster
and reduce the time MySQL database or table is locked for
accessing. This tutorial is the guide on how
to backup (export) and restore (import) MySQL database(s) on the
database server itself by using the
mysqldumpand mysqlutilities. There are basically two methods to
backup MySQL, one is by copying
all table files (*.frm, *.MYD, and *.MYI files) or by using
mysqlhotcopy utility, but it only works for
MyISAM tables. Below tutorial will concentrate on mysqldump
which works for both MyISAM and
InnoDB tables.
How to Export or Backup or Dump A MySQL Database
To export a MySQL database into a dump file, simply type the
following command syntax in the shell.
You can use Telnet or SSH to remotely login to the machine if
you dont have access to the physical
box.
mysqldump -u username-ppassworddatabase_name> dump.sql
Replace usernamewith a valid MySQL user ID, passwordwith the
valid password for the user
(IMPORTANT: no space after -p and the password, else mysqldump
will prompt you for password yet
will treat the password as database name, so the backup will
fail) and database_namewith the actual
name of the database you want to export. Finally, you can put
whatever name you like for the output
SQL dump file, here been dump.sql.
The while data, tables, structures and database of
database_namewill be backed up into a SQL text file
named dump.sqlwith the above command.
How to Export A MySQL Database Structures Only
If you no longer need the data inside the databases tables
(unlikely), simply addno-dataswitch to
export only the tables structures. For example, the syntax
is:
mysqldump -u username-ppasswordno-data database_name>
dump.sql
How to Backup Only Data of a MySQL Database
If you only want the data to be backed up,
useno-create-infooption. With this setting, the dump will
not re-create the database, tables, fields, and other structures
when importing. Use this only if you pretty
sure that you have a duplicate databases with same structure,
where you only need to refresh the data.
mysqldump -u username-ppasswordno-create-info database_name>
dump.sql
How to Dump Several MySQL Databases into Text File
databasesoption allows you to specify more than 1 database.
Example syntax:
mysqldump -u username-ppassworddatabases db_name1 [db_name2
...]> dump.sql
How to Dump All Databases in MySQL Server
To dump all databases, use theall-databasesoption, and no
databases name need to be specified
anymore.
mysqldump -u username-ppasswordall-databases > dump.sql
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