How Smart Buildings Energy Management Improve

Energy Efficiency

The design of smart building is composed of many subsystems, one of which is the

design of energy management system, which can enable the smart building achieve

the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction, consumption reduction and

efficiency increase. Smart building energy management system is mainly realized by

building equipment management system (BAS). BAS system can optimize the

management of power, lighting, air conditioning and other equipment according to

the pre arranged time program, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

In engineering, the following energy-saving measures are usually adopted:

1) Timing method: according to the work and rest schedule of the building, start and

stop the control equipment on time, such as fans, lighting, etc.

2) Temperature-time delay method: according to the delay time of temperature

maintenance in the building, turn off the main air conditioner or boiler in advance to

achieve the purpose of energy saving.

3) Adjust the water supply temperature: adjust the water supply temperature of the

air conditioning energy management system according to the actual indoor and

outdoor temperature, set the appropriate water supply temperature to reduce the

excessive operation of the system host, and achieve energy saving.

4) Economic operation method: when the outdoor temperature reaches 13℃, the

outdoor fresh air can be directly used as the return air; when the outdoor

temperature reaches 24 ℃, the outdoor fresh air can be directly sent into the

indoor. In this case, the smart building energy management system can save energy

for processing the return air system.

5) Equipment life-span operation: the cold and heat source host, pump, fan and

other equipment in the building are operated alternately for equal time to extend

the operation life of the equipment and save maintenance costs.

According to foreign engineering experience, smart building energy management

system can save about 20% energy for new office building. China has been

committed to vigorously developing the economy for a long time, but the economic

development cannot be separated from the support of resources, and the

dependence on resources is increasing day by day, resulting in huge consumption of

resources, but many resources are not renewable. There is a huge contradiction

between the demand of social and economic development, the limitation of

resources and environmental protection. Therefore, how to use fewer resources to

produce greater economic benefits, and at the same time protect the environment

on which we live and achieve sustainable development, has become a national key

research topic, and as well as an industry that strongly supports development.

Energy management system for the purpose of energy conservation and emission

reduction, consumption reduction and efficiency enhancement, and green

environmental protection came into being.

The smart building energy management system takes computer, communication

equipment and measurement and control unit as the basic tools. It provides a basic

platform for real-time data acquisition, switch state monitoring and remote

management and control of the smart building energy management system of large

public buildings. It can form an arbitrarily complex monitoring system with detection

and control equipment. The energy management system mainly adopts a

hierarchical distributed computer network structure, generally divided into three

layers: station control management layer, network communication layer and field

equipment layer.

Station control management

The station control management layer is the direct window of human-computer

interaction and the top part of the system. It is mainly composed of system software

and necessary hardware equipment, such as industrial computer, printer, UPS power

supply, etc. The monitoring system software has a good human-machine interface,

which can calculate, analyze and process all kinds of collected data and information,

and reflect the operation status of the site by means of graphics, digital display and

sound.

Network communication layer

The communication layer is mainly composed of communication management

machine, Ethernet equipment and bus network. This layer is the bridge of data

information exchange, which is responsible for the collection, classification and

transmission of the data information returned by the field equipment, and at the

same time, it transmits various control commands of the upper computer to the field

equipment.

Communication management machine: it is the system data processing and

intelligent communication management center. It has the functions of data

acquisition and processing, communication controller and front-end computer.

Ethernet equipment: including industrial-grade Ethernet switch.

Communication medium: the system mainly adopts shielded twisted pair, optical

fiber and wireless communication.

Field equipment layer

The field equipment layer is the data acquisition terminal, which is mainly composed

of smart meters. The data acquisition terminal is composed of distributed I / O

controller with high reliability and field bus connection, which uploads the stored

building energy consumption data to the data center. The energy consumption data

monitored by the measuring instrument must be complete, accurate and

transmitted to the data center in real time.

Smart building energy management system takes energy management and

energy-saving, decision-making as the purpose, collects equipment system operating

information and energy-related data in real time, optimizes energy use and

eliminates energy waste through analysis, control, and management methods, and

improves the efficiency of operation management and service quality.

Smart building energy management system achieves the optimal

operation(maximum energy efficiency), the lowest energy consumption (minimizing

energy consumption), the maximum management efficiency and the effective cost

control of equipment with accurate monitoring of operating status data, accurate

and optimized operation control, global and reasonable management scheduling and

friendly and convenient interactive interface.

In the operation of smart building energy management system, the lowest energy

cost is the goal to implement energy dispatch control; t the lowest environmental

cost can also be the goal, and energy dispatch control can be implemented under

cost constraints; even the load response can be implemented, and the power load of

buildings can be regulated according to the load situation and electricity price

adjustment information of the power grid.

In recent years, with the national development of energy conservation and emission

reduction, the energy conservation of smart buildings has become the focus of

attention. An overall, systematic, comprehensive, simple and efficient energy-saving

solution has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, the smart building

energy management system, which have realized the remote monitoring and

management of classified energy consumption and itemized energy consumption

has become the inevitable trend of intelligent building development.