How Optics Plays a Role in Soft Matters ? ( Colloids and Lipids )

Mol IntegMol Integratedrated Phys & Dev Phys & Dev Lab.Lab.

1/22OLC 2011

How How OpticsOptics Plays a Role in Plays a Role in Soft Soft MattersMatters??

((ColloidsColloids and and LipidsLipids ) )

Sin-Doo Sin-Doo LeeLeeSchool of Electrical School of Electrical

Engineering Engineering Seoul National University, Seoul National University, KoreaKorea


2/22OLC 2011

OutlineOutline

Introduction: Optics Optics Meets Soft MatterSoft Matter

Optical Detection/Manipulation Tools for Soft Matters

Soft Matter-Based Optical Applications

Nano-Network Assembly of Colloidal Particles

Fundamentals of Structural Self-Organization

Optical Antenna and Nano-Slit Applications

Plasmonic Detection of Biological Activities

Periodic Metal Nanostructures (Nanosphere Lithography)

Specific Protein-Binding on Lipid Membranes

Plasmonic Detection (Localized SPR)

Summary


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I. Introduction: Optics Meets Soft Matters

Liquid CrystalsColloidsColloidsLipid MembranesLipid Membranes (Biomolecules)Micelles, Polymers, etc

Soft Matters Soft Matters

Optical Tools Tools (Manipulation & Detection)Optical PhenomenaPhenomena (Electro-Optic, Plasmonic)

OpticsOptics

Optics provides - a versatile tools of manipulating soft matters and - new phenomena for developing novel devices!

Photonic Crystals, OptoelectronicsNew Biosensors (PlasmonicPlasmonic)Lithographic & Biomimic Tech (Particle LithoParticle Litho., Structural Colors)

Novel ApplicationsApplications

At Mesoscopic Scale At Mesoscopic Scale


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Optical Tweezer for Colloidal Particles

Strongly focused beam of light to trap individual objects. Manipulation of colloidal particles by trap and de-trap using focused beam of light.

For review, Nature 424, 21 (2003)

Optical Tools: Manipulation & Detection


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Opto-Electronic Tweezer for Biological Cells: Optical E -> Static E

Focused beam of light to produce non-uniform electric field through digital micromirror display on photosensitive surface for dielectro-phoresis (DEP). Upon DEP, only living cells can be pulled into the pattern’s center.

Nature 436, 370 (2005)


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Nano Lett. 10, 3816 (2010)

Plasmonics in Nanostructures (wire, shell, rice, disk, star, etc)

Optical Phenomena: Plasmonic Effect

DownsizingDownsizing Beyond WavelengthBeyond Wavelength

MetallicMetallic Nanostructures Nanostructures ?????? (Surface Plasmon)(Surface Plasmon)


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J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 1410 (2011)

Anal. Chem. 81, 2564 (2009)

Extinction of localized SPR depends dielectric environment of surrounding. Peak wavelength shift by protein (CTB, anti-biotin) binding, resulting in the dielectrically modified environment near the metal nano-objects.

Detection of Biological Activity


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Photonic Crystals of Colloidal Particles

The photonic band-gap can be tuned the size, shape, and interparticle distance (lattice) and/or external fields (magnetic, tension) in colloidal crystal structures.

Angew. Chem. 119, 7572 (2007)

Mater. Future 8, 8 (2009)

New Applications: Photonics, Biomimetics


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Mimicking Colorful Wing Scale Structure

Fabrication of artificial optical mimic, showing different colors of light reflected from different regions of scales, using colloidal particle template.

Nature Nanotech. (2010, online, May)

2D colloidal crystal for template


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Nature Nanotech. 5, 275 (2010)

Lipid Multilayer Gratings

Lipid multilayer grating using dip-pen nanolithography. Used for label-free and specific detection of lipid–protein interactions in solution.


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Particle Lithography

Nanosphere Lithography

3D Nanolithography

Fabrication of metal nanostructures using colloidal particle mask during

metal deposition

J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 5599 (2001)Nano Lett. 11, 2533 (2011)

Talbot Effect


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Hydrophobic substrate with air-cavity on hydrophillic support Lines, networks (X or Y) of nanoparticles due to polymorphic meniscus convergence Cell gap determines whether mono-layer or double-layer is energetically favorable Symmetry of colloidal networks depends the flow direction and the cavity shape

Colloidal Networks by Polymorphic Meniscus Convergence

Adv. Mater. 22, 4172 (2010)

II. Nano-Network Assemblies of Colloidal Particles


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Optical antenna: direction-specific activation of metallic half-shell antenna Optical nano-slit: the output through subwavelength slit of dielectric disks depends on the polarization of input white light

Colloidal particle array as a mask for metal deposition

Optical Antenna & Nano-Slit Using Nanosphere Assembly


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Nature Photon. 5, 83 (2011)

-Optical Antenna: a device that converts freely propagating optical radiation into localized energy and vice versa.

the ability to control and manipulate optical fields at the nanometer scale potential for enhancing the performance and the efficiency of photodetection, light emission, light harvesting, and sensing


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- TerahertzTerahertz Field Enhancement by Metal Nano-Slit:

Two important length scales: wavelength, the skin depth of metal Metallic nanostructures as sub-skin depth field-enhancing and focusing devices for terahertz operations

Nature Photon. 3, 152 (2009)


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The peak shift results from the difference in the SPR due to protein- binding - Δλmax(nonspecific, bovine cerium albumin) = 0.03 nm, Δλmax(specific, neutravidin) = 1.26 nm Effect of random distribution and the size of nano-cubes on the number of peaks and the broadening ?

Nano Lett. 9, 2077 (2009)

III. Optical Detection of Biological Activity Plasmonic Detection by Randomly Distributed Nano-Cubes


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J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 2394 (1999)Opt. Comm. 220, 137 (2003)

- Theoretical Works for Sphere, Truncated Tetrahedron

Longer (or shorter) wavelength and broadening for p (or s)-wave at smaller separation

Effect of Separation, Size, Shape, etc

Effect of Metal Dimension & Periodicity ?


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1. Self-organized assembly of colloidal crystals from a solution on a quartz substrate by convective process2. Deposition of metal and removal of colloidal particles by sonication3. SLM formation on the substrate with periodic, metal nanostructures by vesicle adsorption & rupture4. Protein binding detected by the localized SPR

SLM on Ordered Nanostructures of Metal

Nanosphere lithography using PS particles of 300 nm and 500 nm in diameter - lateral size of the metal patterns: 70 nm, 116 nm Periodic and well-defined separation of metal nanostructures

To be published (2011)


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FRAP (fully recovered after 20 min): confirmation of the fluidity of SLB Specific protein-binding events occurs uniformly

Fluidity of SLM by FRAP

100 um

DOPC lipids doped with - biotin-DPPE for binding with streptavidin or streptavidin conjugated with Alex Fluor - Tex Red-DHPE for imaging Small unilamellar vesicles by extrusionSLM formation by vesicle adsorption/rupture


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Plasmonic Detection of Specific Protein-Binding

Peak in the extinction spectrum of the localized SPR signal - Increase of the dielectric constant of the surrounding of metallic nano-patterns (water, membrane, and specific protein binding) - λmax (water) = 677 nm, Δλmax(membrane) = 10 nm, Δλmax(avidin) = 2 nm Larger peak shift than randomly distributed metal nanostructures - Possibility of higher sensitivity?

Peak positions in spectrum (not normalized) - Water : 677nm - Membrane : 687nm - Avidin binding : 689nm

- Metallic Nano-Patterns (70 nm) by Particles of 300 nm


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- Metallic Nano-Patterns (116 nm) by Particles of 500 nm

Peak positions in spectrum (not normalized)

- Water : 723nm - Membrane : 734nm - Avidin binding : 736nm

Peak in the extinction spectrum of the localized SPR signal - λmax (water) = 723 nm, Δλmax(membrane) = 11 nm, Δλmax(avidin) = 2 nm λmax (water) becomes longer with increasing the size of metal nanostructures and the separation between them but the magnitude of the peak shift due to specific binding remains same !


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Soft Matters for Optics: Discover new optical phenomena from the complexity and

the flexibility of soft matters (at mesoscopic scaleat mesoscopic scale) Open a door to a wide range of applications in photonics,

opto-electronics, nano-bio sensors, etc. Optics for Soft Matters:

Provide methodology for optical detection/manipulation

of soft matters Enable to develop bottom-up technology for integrating basic

building units Establish a new paradigm of probing biological activities

What Expected When Optics Meets Soft Matters?

IV. SummaryIV. Summary

Documents

How Optics Plays a Role in Soft Matters ? ( Colloids and Lipids )