How Much Information? 2009

Roger E. BohnJames E. Short

Presented by Eun-Sol Kim

1. Introduction - notation

1. Introduction – the scope of the information

1.3 How many hours?INFOH : hours spent receiv-ing informationHow much time Americans spend with different sources of information.An average American on an average day receives 11.8 hours of information a day.

1.4 How many words?• 4,500 trillion words

consumed in 1980 (Pool)

• 10,845 trillion words consumed in 2008

• 100,000 words per American per day

1.5 How many bytes?• Moving pictures dominate

all other types of consumer information.

• Only three activities con-tribute a significant amount of information based on IN-FOC :

• TV, Computer games, Movies in theaters

• 34 gigabytes (3.4*10^10 bytes) per day in 2008,

• 34 gigabytes = 7 DVD disks = 1.5 Blu-ray disks

1.5 How many bytes?

1.6 Storage vs. Consump-tion

• This paper measured data as infor-mation each time consumers use it.

• Stored data is not necessarily infor-mation.

• The data ‘footprint’ of a storage de-vice is not just how many bytes it holds, but how many bytes are cre-ated over time.

2. Traditional information in U.S. households

• Information– In households and mobile uses • Information for consumption

– In workplaces and between machines• Information for production

2.1 Television• TV is the largest source.• TV usage measured in hours per per-

son is rising only slowly.

2.2 Radio• Thriving on new technology

– HD audio, satellite transmission, online radio..• But audio requires very low data rates in census.

– HDTV requires 30 times more than audio.• 233 million radio listeners• 10 exabytes of information in 2008

2.3 Telephone• 143 million wired lines in 2008

– 263 million wireless users• Average wired lines : twice as many minutes per day

– > information words are slightly higher for fixed lines.• Total time consuming information

– Wire : wireless = 3.2 percent : 2.9 percent• 1 household uses home phone for 22.5 hours each month• Total voice traffic by wired phone in 2008: 1.2 exabytes • Total voice traffic with wire and wireless : 1.4 exabytes

2.4 Print• 5% in INFOH, 9% in INFOW, 0.02% in INFOC• E-book have already taken over for paper

3. Computer information in U.S. house-holds

• 10 years ago– 40% had a PC, 24% had Internet access

• Now– 70% had a PC with Internet access– 80% with smartphone devices

• One households has dozens of digital devices for entertainment, information and so on.– 3G phones, PDAs, MP3 players, TV, PC, game devices….

3.1 Communicating and browsing the inter-net

• In 1980s– No email, fax

• Today– 220 million Americans spend 14% of their INFOH on the

internet• Email : the most widely used application (35%)• Americans spent fewer hours on web browsing

( 30% of the Internet time)– Most users spend 8-9 seconds looking at most web

pages.– Find the page of interest, change their minds, get

bored/shift to another task.

3.2 Internet video• This article measured internet video such as

YouTube– 95 million viewers – Average viewing time : less than 2 hours per

months• Internet video is still small– INFOH : 0.2% of the total– INFOC : under 1 exabyte– Because the speed of the pope into the house

limits how much can be received while the con-sumer is actively trying to watch.

3.3 Computer Gaming• Computer gaming has come to dominate the total number of in-

formation bytes : nearly 2 zettabytes in 2008 (55%)• Total of consuming hours less than 8%• Total of consuming words about 2.5 %• 70% of adults played computer games, less than one hour a day

3.4 Off-internet home computer use3.5 Smart phones

• Off-line use– Updating a resume, editing photos, running a household

finance program– Only 17 minutes per day per average American.– Almost text based, 0.7 exabytes per year

• Smart phones– In 2008, 263 millions American carry cell phones– 50 millions American carry smartphones– American spent 7 billion hours text messaging

4. Trends, Perspectives and the future of U.S. information consumption

• In INFOC point of view– 5-fold increase from 1980 to 2008– Annual growth rate : 5.4%– cf ) the Moore’s Law

• Three components of the information consumption– Population : grew at 0.95% per year– Average hours per person spent consuming info : grew at 1.7%

per year ( 7.4 h to 11.8 h )– Average information per hour

• Average bandwidth ( information intensity ): grew at 2.8 % per year ( 2.9 Mbps to 6.4 Mbps )

• Gigabytes per person per day : grew at 4.4 %

4.1 Analyzing the growth of information

4.2 Where are the missing bytes?

4.3 Analyzing information consumption

4.4 The future of consumer information

• The most visible is shifts in TV– To digital broadcasting, the mass accep-

tance of high definition TV sets, digital video recorders

• Mobile TV, video over the internet• Computer games