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12/29/2015 How many more taxes do we need to pay? http://www.dailyo.in/singlestory.php?id=ODE1Mg== 1/4 Print | Close ANSHUMAN TIWARI @anshuman1tiwari MONEY | 4-minute read | 27-12-2015 Public memory is usually short but the memory of taxation is even shorter. Benchmark brent crude might have tested an unprecedented low of $37 per barrel, but domestic petrol and diesel prices are still ruling higher thanks to heavy taxes. If only the debate on goods and services tax (GST) revolved around explaining this dichotomy, a viable tax structure could have emerged. Or, if only we had learnt lessons from the value added tax (VAT) rollout during the last decade, we could have better fixed the shortcomings in tax structure. Now that the importance of having a common and uniform tax structure is obvious to all, it is time to expand the debate on GST to the perennial inconsistencies of India’s indirect taxation. Moving ahead with GST by sweeping the debate on India’s lopsided tax structure under the carpet can be dangerous at a time when India is gearing up for green taxes to curb ecologically damaging consumption and How many more taxes do we need to pay? The plethora of levies has throttled demand and dashed hopes of having a better standard of living.

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12/29/2015 How many more taxes do we need to pay?

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ANSHUMAN TIWARI @anshuman1tiwari

MONEY  |   4-minute read |   27-12-2015

 

Public memory is usually short but the memory of taxation is even shorter.Benchmark brent crude might have tested an unprecedented low of $37 perbarrel, but domestic petrol and diesel prices are still ruling higher thanks toheavy taxes. If only the debate on goods and services tax (GST) revolvedaround explaining this dichotomy, a viable tax structure could have emerged.Or, if only we had learnt lessons from the value added tax (VAT) rolloutduring the last decade, we could have better fixed the shortcomings in taxstructure. Now that the importance of having a common and uniform taxstructure is obvious to all, it is time to expand the debate on GST to theperennial inconsistencies of India’s indirect taxation.

Moving ahead with GST by sweeping the debate on India’s lopsided taxstructure under the carpet can be dangerous at a time when India is gearingup for green taxes to curb ecologically damaging consumption and

How many more taxes do we need to pay?The plethora of levies has throttled demand and dashed hopes of having a betterstandard of living.

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production. Green taxes will constitute congestion tax, pollution tax andgreen energy tax which are already being successfully experimented incountries around the world. Before implementing these new taxes, it isnecessary to soften indirect taxes that inflate the cost of living and basicconsumption.

The report of the advisor to the finance ministry has suggested a frameworkof a threelayered GST rate regime. The first 12 per cent minimum rateshows that the days of single digit Central and state rates of excise and VATwill soon be over. That is, a host of mass consumption products taxed at sixto eight per cent will attract a 12 per cent levy. At the second level, the servicetax will climb from the existing 14.5 per cent to 19 per cent. It is likely that anew tax will be introduced for petro products while luxury products willattract a tax rate of 40 per cent. State governments are yet to present theirpoints of view on this. They may propose even higher tax rates which, inturn, would fuel substantial inflation over the next three to four years.

The concurrent tax structure of having a higher tax on consumption and alower one on income is archaic. Despite several major reforms over the lasttwo decades, we have not been able to make our tax structure modern, easy,and inspiring. Unlike the globally established principle of having a higher taxon net earnings and a limited tax on consumption, India keeps income taxand corporate tax lower, while taxes are higher on consumption as a result ofa spate of indirect levies like excise, service tax and VAT. Concessions inincome tax (direct taxes) benefit a small group of people while increase inindirect taxes dampens the consumption of a very large population.

Theoretically, a large tax base (a large number of taxpayers) necessitates alower range of indirect tax rates. However, with the growth of economy,increased production, growing consumption and a bigger taxpayingpopulation, indirect taxes and their rates (excise, service tax, surcharge, cess)have been increased consistently. On the other hand, even though incometax and corporate tax have been reduced, the number of people under the

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ambit of indirect taxes is still under four crore, which is only three per centof the population.

Our experiences with VAT suggest that having a cap on the maximal GSTrate is important. VAT was introduced in the states in 2005 replacing thestate level sales tax system with a similar threelayered rates structure.However, within three years of its implementation all rules vanished withdifferent states imposing different tax rates on the same product. In fact,consumer prices have been going up consistently in local markets as most ofthe mass consumption products have been elevated to higher slabs of VAT.

Owing to India’s commitment to global pacts, import duties in the countryhave declined fast, and to compensate for the same, budgets have milkedexcise and service taxes. This has led to costlier production in the countryresulting in reduced industrial competitiveness.

Now that the government is mulling doubling the salary of ministers, thedebate on taxation should begin with control over government expenditure,which has already shot through the roof thanks to populist experiments.Governments will have to limit their sizes and roles to get rid of taxation thatshrinks consumption.

India is a nation of a plethora of taxes, which has throttled demand anddashed hopes of having a better standard of living. As the era of green taxesis looming, it is essential to confront the need of doing away with multipleand high taxation in the country before jumping to a new and increasedstructure of taxation via GST. We are running the risk of instituting a highlymisaligned tax structure which may eventually demolish hopes of ease ofdoing business, demand and investment.

#Indirect Tax, #VAT, #GST,

The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the officialpolicy or position of DailyO.in or the India Today Group. The writers are solely responsible for any claims arising out

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WriterANSHUMAN TIWARI @anshuman1tiwari

Editor, economic analyst, columnist, author

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