Evolving Prosthetics

By Samantha HenryDecember 2012

My Big question

How have prosthetics progressed into what they are today? How it works

Research: the start

Sources I used: Medical Websites NC Live Google Scholar

Research = harder than I thought

Break it down Prosthetics Anatomy (show complexity) Amputees

Two Focus points Prosthetic progression Changing lives

What I learned

First signs of prosthetics were with the Egyptians

EMG (Electromyography) Tissue engineering Affects two million amputees

The new and the old

One of the first prosthetics ever!

An EMG doing its job taking input in.

From the Egyptians

Like amputees now Egyptians wanted to be whole

Design is simple: wooden toe in a holster on foot

How fascinating!

Reflection on Writing process

Hardest part was organization of facts Became easier to write as I got into the

topic Favorite part

Someone reading my paper and saying “I didn't know that!”

Had a lot of ideas NXT mind-storms were my final choice Mentor: Mr. Ebright He knows the engineering process

The Product: Where to Start

This is a picture of a page from my beginning journal

Product steps

Research Built Program

This is me writing in my journal.This is what I was writing.

Product Resources

RobotC Mind-storm kit Internet Computer gaming controller

This was one of my early programming fails.

This is the reason I can even control my robot with a gamming controller.

This is my main program

Reflection

I learned how to motivate myself Worked around procrastination &

organization issues Ties in with my paper

Uses past and present tech./design

Problem solving with my mentor

What's Next

Two more years of college Go into creative fields

Bibliography

"About the Hand, Anatomy | Houston Hand Specialist, Orthopedic Surgeon." Houston Orthopedic Surgeon. Dr. Evan Collins. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

Anthony J. Delrossi, et al. "A Novel Technique in a Sheep Model For Evaluating Prosthetic Heart Valve Performance." Journal of Investigative Surgery 14.1 (2001): 55-61. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Mar. 2012.

Charles Kambe, et al. "Using Virtual Reality Environment To Facilitate Training With Advanced Upper-Limb Prosthesis." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): 707-718. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.

Bibliography

Clements, Isaac Perry. "How Prosthetic Limbs Work." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

---. "How Amputation Works." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

"EMG (electromyogram)." MedicineNet. MedicineNet. Web. 08 May 2012.

Galbraith, David. "15 Vintage Prosthetic Limbs." Oobject. Oobject, n.d. Web. 4 June 2012. <http://www.oobject.com/category/15-vintage-prosthetic-limbs/>.

"Hand Anatomy." Eorthopod.com. Orthopod. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Katz, J. Lawrence. "Biomaterials in the 21st century?." Journal of

Rehabilitation Research & Development Oct. 1995: Vii. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012

---. "Biomaterials In The 21St Century Revisited!." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 35.2 (1998): 161. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.

Bibliography

Lee, Amanda. "The Evolution of the Prosthetic Limb." Comfort Prosthetics and Orthotics. C-Ray Media, Inc., 1 May 2011. Web. 04 June. 2012. <http://www.comfortprosthetics.com/news.html>.

"New Prosthetic Hand Has Grip Function Almost Like A Natural Hand: Each Finger Moves Separately." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 Apr. 2008. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

Norton, Kim M. "A Brief History of Prosthetics." InMotion:. Amputee Coalition, Nov.-Dec. 2007. Web. 3 June 2012.

"O&P Trends & Statistics." .opcareers.org. American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists. Web.

"Open Prosthetics Project Wiki." Wikispaces. Wikispaces, 07 Oct. 2011. Web. 12 Apr. 2012.

Bibliography

Parker, Dave. "NXT Robot Arm." NXT Robot Arm. Nxtprograms.com, 2011. Web. 04 June 2012. <http://www.nxtprograms.com/robot_arm/steps.html>.

"Physiotherapy in Vancouver for Hand." Physiotherapy in Vancouver : CITY SQUARE Physiotherapy :. City Square Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation. Web. 22 Apr. 2012.

"Process for the Preparation of Hard Tissue Prosthetics." Google. Google, 28 Apr. 1987. Web. 27 Mar. 2012.

"RobotC a C Programing Language for Robotics." ROBOTC.net. Robomatter, Inc, 2012. Web. 04 Dec. 2012

"Routine EMG." REEM. REEM, n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Sagbas, B., and M. Numan Durakbasa. "Measurement Of Wear In Orthopedic

Prosthesis." Acta Physica Polonica, A 121.1 (2012): 131-134. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.

Scheme, Erik, and Kevin Englehart. "Electromyogram Pattern Recognition For Control Of Powered Upper-Limb Prostheses: State Of The Art And Challenges For Clinical Use." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): 643-659. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.

"The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Hand." Bartleby.com. Yahoo! Web. 19 Apr. 2012

Thank You for Your Time

Evolving Prosthetics

By Samantha HenryDecember 2012

My Big question

How have prosthetics progressed into what they are today? How it works

Research time!

Research: The start

Sources I used: Medical Websites

NC Live

Google Scholar

Research = harder than I thought

Break it down Prosthetics Anatomy (show complexity) Amputees

Two Focus points Prosthetic progression Changing lives

What I learned

First signs of prosthetics were with the Egyptians

EMG (Electromyography)

Tissue engineering

Affects two million amputees

The new and the old

One of the first prosthetics ever!

An EMG doing its job taking input in.

From the Egyptians

Like amputees now Egyptians wanted to be whole

Design is simple: wooden toe in a holster on foot

How fascinating!

Reflection on Writing process

Hardest part was organization of facts Became easier to write as I got into the

topic Favorite part:

Someone reading my paper and saying “I didn't know that!”

Had a lot of ideas

NXT mind-storms were my final choice

Mentor: Mr. Ebright

He knows the engineering process

The Product: Where to Start

This is a picture of a page from my beginning journal

Product steps

Research

Built

Program

This is me writing in my journal.This is what I was writing.

Product Resources

RobotC

Mind-storm kit

Internet

Computer gaming controller

This was one of my early programming fails.

This is the reason I can even control my robot with a gamming controller.

This is my main program

Reflection

I learned how to motivate myself

Worked around procrastination & organization issues

Ties in with my paper Uses past and present

tech./design Problem solving with my mentor

What's Next

Two more years of college

Go into fields of Cooking

Teaching

Interior design

Bibliography

"About the Hand, Anatomy | Houston Hand Specialist, Orthopedic Surgeon." Houston Orthopedic Surgeon. Dr. Evan Collins. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

Anthony J. Delrossi, et al. "A Novel Technique in a Sheep Model For Evaluating Prosthetic Heart Valve Performance." Journal of Investigative Surgery 14.1 (2001): 55-61. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Mar. 2012.

Charles Kambe, et al. "Using Virtual Reality Environment To Facilitate Training With Advanced Upper-Limb Prosthesis." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): 707-718. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.

Bibliography

Clements, Isaac Perry. "How Prosthetic Limbs Work." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

---. "How Amputation Works." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

"EMG (electromyogram)." MedicineNet. MedicineNet. Web. 08 May 2012.

Galbraith, David. "15 Vintage Prosthetic Limbs." Oobject. Oobject, n.d. Web. 4 June 2012. <http://www.oobject.com/category/15-vintage-prosthetic-limbs/>.

"Hand Anatomy." Eorthopod.com. Orthopod. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

Katz, J. Lawrence. "Biomaterials in the 21st century?." Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development Oct. 1995: Vii. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012

---. "Biomaterials In The 21St Century Revisited!." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 35.2 (1998): 161. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Mar. 2012.

Bibliography

Lee, Amanda. "The Evolution of the Prosthetic Limb." Comfort Prosthetics and Orthotics. C-Ray Media, Inc., 1 May 2011. Web. 04 June. 2012. <http://www.comfortprosthetics.com/news.html>.

"New Prosthetic Hand Has Grip Function Almost Like A Natural Hand: Each Finger Moves Separately." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 Apr. 2008. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.

Norton, Kim M. "A Brief History of Prosthetics." InMotion:. Amputee Coalition, Nov.-Dec. 2007. Web. 3 June 2012.

"O&P Trends & Statistics." .opcareers.org. American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists.

Web.

"Open Prosthetics Project Wiki." Wikispaces. Wikispaces, 07 Oct. 2011. Web. 12 Apr. 2012.

Bibliography

Parker, Dave. "NXT Robot Arm." NXT Robot Arm. Nxtprograms.com, 2011. Web. 04 June 2012. <http://www.nxtprograms.com/robot_arm/steps.html>.

"Physiotherapy in Vancouver for Hand." Physiotherapy in Vancouver : CITY SQUARE Physiotherapy :. City Square Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation. Web. 22 Apr. 2012.

"Process for the Preparation of Hard Tissue Prosthetics." Google. Google, 28 Apr. 1987. Web. 27 Mar. 2012.

"RobotC a C Programing Language for Robotics." ROBOTC.net. Robomatter, Inc, 2012. Web. 04 Dec. 2012

"Routine EMG." REEM. REEM, n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012.

Sagbas, B., and M. Numan Durakbasa. "Measurement Of Wear In Orthopedic Prosthesis." Acta Physica Polonica, A 121.1 (2012): 131-134. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.

Scheme, Erik, and Kevin Englehart. "Electromyogram Pattern Recognition For Control Of Powered Upper-Limb Prostheses: State Of The Art And Challenges For Clinical Use." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): 643-659. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar. 2012.

"The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Hand." Bartleby.com. Yahoo! Web. 19 Apr. 2012

Thank You for Your Time