How does what happens up there

Affect what happens down heredown here

SEASONS

1.How does sunlight hit the Earth’s surface?

2.Why is it warmer at the equator and colder at the poles?

3.Why are there seasons?

The latitude and longitude system

Longitude lines run north-south and meet at the North and South Poles; also called meridians.

Latitude lines run east-west and don't meet; also called parallels.

Latitude• The latitude of a country is its angle

above or below the equator.

• For example• North Pole - 90° North• South Pole - 90° South• Paris, France - 48° North• Sydney, Australia - 34° South

Latitude

Equator

Paris

48°

Latitude• Some important lines of latitude include

– The Equator – 0°

– The Tropic of Cancer – 23.5° N

– The Tropic of Capricorn – 23.5° S

– The Arctic Circle – 66.5° N

– The Antarctic Circle – 66.5° S

Longitude• The longitude of a country is how far

around the earth it lies from London.

• For example

• Manila - 120° East

• New York - 74° West

• The time zones follow lines of longitude that are every 15° away from London

Longitude

London

New York

Climate and climate zones (interactions between non-living things e.g. earth and sun)Each group representing countries from different continents will research on climate/weather patterns around the world. They will map out general trends/ and or changes in weather in these different regions.

Asia North America South America Europe Africa Middle East Australia

Source: www.cia.gov

Research on climate/weather patterns of assigned country: Name of country Location on the planet (longitude/latitude/continent) Seasons Geography Environmental Issue Weather

Suggested countries:

Greenland South Africa Australia

United States Saudi Arabia New Zealand

Haiti Yemen Canada

Colombia United Arab Emirates Russia

Brazil Afghanistan

Chile Iraq

England India

Finland South Korea

Spain Japan

Algeria China

Ethiopia Philippines

Sudan Thailand

Organize your information in an index card. Make

sure the information is

neatly presented.

Climate change due to a country’s location

•Latitude effect on seasonal change •day-light hours •precipitation levels (rainfall and snowfall) •average (and max, min) temperatures •crop growth •tourism •ecosystems •cultural changes due to climate differences (e.g. S.A.D)

http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/research/4212533.html

PorkPork in a petri dish

1. Organize key information of your country in an index card. Make it neat and presentable.

2. Study the handout: Climate Classification System. Label your card with the appropriate information (General Climate, Seasons and Precipitation, and Temperature) using the given letters. For general climate, refer to the following color scheme:

A- Moist Tropical (Red)D- Continental (Tan)

B- Subtropical (Yellow) E1 Polar (White) E2 Sub-polar (Purple)

C- Temperate (Green) F Highlands (Blue)

3. Form a group with the same climate region. Provide a summary explanation describing the reasons why your region has the specific climate pattern.

4. Watch a video clip: Geography Basics

5. Based on the color patterns shown in the video, color a world map handout.

Climate Cards Activity

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95TtXYjOEv4

Geography basics

Weekly Schedule- January 25-29Weekly Schedule- January 25-29

DAY DAY 11

Lesson 24 . Interactions between Earth and Sun•Climate regions •Night and Day, Years (Revolution), Warm and Cold, Seasons, Longitude and Latitude, Weather and Climate

DAY DAY 2-32-3

Lesson 25-26. Properties of Matter•Density Circus (Mass vs. Weight; States of Matter;

Density Lab)•Pressure

Next Next WeekWeek

Lesson 26 . Weather Patterns• Wind, Forms of Precipitation (Rain, Snow, Hail,

etc…)

How does what happens up there

Affect what happens down heredown here

Earth's Circumference at the Equator: (40,075.16 km) Earth's Circumference Between the

North and South Poles: (40,008 km) Earth's Diameter at the Equator: (12,756.1 km) Earth's Diameter at the Poles: (12,713.5 km) Average Distance from the Earth to the Sun: (149,669,180 km) Average Distance from the Earth to the Moon: (384,403.1 km)

EARTHEARTH FACTS FACTS

http://geography.about.com/od/learnabouttheearth/a/earthfacts.htm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95TtXYjOEv4

Geography basics

CLIMATE ZONES

In your world map handout, draw lines to identify the different climate zones. Color the zones and describe temperature differences.

Peralta Colleges, Physical Geography

FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

1.Axis or tilt of the Earth

2.Latitude

3.Elevation

4.Precipitation

5.Currents (wind, water)

Guide Questions

1.Why do we have night and day?

2.What is a day/year?

3.How does sunlight hit the Earth’s surface? (equator, poles)

4.Why is it warmer at the equator and colder at the poles?

5.Why are there seasons?

When sunlight shines from overhead (on left), one square foot of sunlight falls on one square foot of ground. When it shines at a shallow angle (on right), each square foot of sunlight spreads out over many feet of ground.

http://cseligman.com/text/sky/climate.htm

What causes Night and Day?

DAY AND YEAR

DAY AND YEARRotation earth’s spinning on its axis

1,600 km/hr (rate of spin at any point along the equator)

Revolution movement of earth

around the sun

Peralta Colleges, Physical Geography

June Solstice

September Equinox

December Solstice

March Equinox

Sun

The latitude and longitude system

Longitude lines run north-south and meet at the North and South Poles; also called meridians.

Latitude lines run east-west and don't meet; also called parallels.

Longitude divides the Earth's surface into 360 thin slivers of one degree each. Latitude divides the Earth's surface into 180 thin rings of one degree each. The lat/long gridlines are drawn five degrees apart.

The 360 1-degree longitude lines are numbered in two 180-degree lots running east and west from the 0º line of longitude (also called the prime meridian). The 0º line runs through Greenwich, England. Halfway around the globe is the longitude line (in the mid-Pacific) which is both 180º east and 180º west of Greenwich. The 180 one-degree latitude lines are numbered in two 90-degree lots running north and south from the 0º line of latitude, which is the Equator. The North Pole is 90ºN and the South Pole is 90ºS.

Time zones: Every 15˚, changes by 1 hour

TIME ZONES

Length of Day:

http://www.cs.sbcc.net/~physics/flash/LengthofDay.swf

How does the Sun interact with Earth? • The earth's two main motions are rotation and revolution. Rotation is

the earth turning on its imaginary axis like a top. Revolution is the earth’s orbit around the sun.

• Earth’s rotation causes differences in time and date. For convenience, we use standard time which divides the world into 24 time zones. A new day begins at the International Date Line (180°).

• The orbit and tilt of the Earth around the Sun gives rise to the seasons and the latitudes of cities change the characteristics of the seasons

• As the earth changes its position relative to the sun, the length of

daylight also changes.