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How Do We Determine Who We Are Voting For?
Redistricting
It Really is a Puzzle
Guidelines for Districts
• What guidance does the Constitution give? −General Ticket System
−Single Member District
−At-Large
1842• Removal of General Election System
• State Legislatures
• Continuous Territory
1872• Population
US States Based Correlated with Country
Population
1901• Compact Territory
7th Congressional District Becomes the 10th Congressional
District
Gerrymandering
Definition• Drawing district boundaries to
the advantage of one group over another.
Why Gerrymander?• Concentrate opposition in as few districts as
possible.
• Spread out the opposition and mix them with your majority.
Baker v Carr (1962)
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960
2020616
2184789 2337885
2616556
2915841 329718 3567089
Tennessee Population
Baker v Carr (1962)
• Congressional districts hadn’t been changed since 1901.
Wesberry v Sanders (1964)
• Rural v Urban Representation
• Article I, Section 2
− Apportioned by respective numbers
− One Man, One Vote
Political Commentary
Ohio Redistricting• Apportionment Board
− Governor− Secretary of State− State Auditor− One representative of the Speaker of the House− One member of the opposite party
Ohio’s 2010 Apportionment Board
Governor John Kasich R
Chair
Auditor David Yost R
Vice Chair
Jon Husted R Armond Budish D
Thomas Niehaus R
Shifting Population
1990 Census Congressional Districts
2000 Census Congressional Districts
Comparing 1990 and 2000
2010 Census Districts/ Election 2012
2000 Census Congressional Districts