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How do creatures adapt? 1 Adaptation
1 BackgroundAnimals adapt to the environment in which they live (habitat). Marine
animals have many unique
adaptations, for example
the leatherback turtle can
dive to over 900m. Its
collapsible lungs and flexible shell help it
stand the high water pressure.
3 ResourcesWorksheets: What’s the difference?
What’s the adaptation? Ocean cross
section
2 Set the SceneDiscuss the things animals need to survive: oxygen, water, food, shelter and to reproduce. Record these for later.
6 Extend* Design a marine creature with specific
adaptations. Colour, label and share
with the class.
* Use ‘What’s the difference?’
to compare and contrast the
adaptations of two of the
creatures.
4 InvestigateIntroduce the idea of adaptation and discuss how animals have adapted to suit their habitats. Use images from ‘What’s the adaptation?’ to highlight particular features of each creature e.g the cloak of the vampire fish. As these creatures live in the deep sea, they have to survive wth limited light and prey. Discuss how children think the cloak may be used. Divide students into small groups. Each group to study one of the creatures from ‘What’s the adaptation? to decide: How is the creature suited to its habitat? How do they make sure they survive? How do they catch their food? Encourage students to observe the features carefully. Each group to share their ideas and observations. Use ‘Ocean Cross Section’ to see how they have really adapted. Draw comparisons between the adaptations of each.
5 ApplyStudents to select one of the marine animals, draw and label to show its adaptations.
7 ReflectAsk individuals to finish the sentence, ‘Today I have learned…’ Use responses to recap learning and revise the terms adaptation and habitat.
Subject/Topic:
A project made possible by
Suitable for: Older years
What’s the Difference? Name:
Look closely at your 2 chosen marine creatures. Record similarities and differences in their adaptations. Think about how they move, body shape, how they feed and where they live.
Ocean cross-section
Sunlight zone Sea level to 200mThe ocean can be split into
different depth zones (sunlight, twilight, midnight, the abyss and the hadal zone).
The gulper eel has a mouth much bigger than its own body – it can stretch its mouth really wide to eat large fish.
Some animals in the deep have adapted in really weird and wonderful ways. The angler fish uses a bioluminescent (bio – living, luminescent – light) lure to attract prey.
The vampire squid has a web of skin between its tentacles which is black on the inside with rows of spines, making it look like it’s wearing a Dracula cloak!
The tripod fish sits on the bottom balanced on special fins that allow it to snap up food as it swims by.
Twilight zone 200m to 1000m
Midnight zone 1000m to 4000m
Fishing has different impacts and can reach down to over 1000 metres.Below 200m there is
not enough sunlight to
allow plants to grow, and
below 1000m there is no
natural light at all.
Lots of animals
in the deep sea
produce their own
light; this can be used
for camouflage, to
attract prey, to blind
predators, to confuse
them, or to communicate.
Bobtail squid (Euprymna berryi)