Houston’s Comparison with Major U.S. Cities€™s Comparison with Major U.S. Cities April 2009 CITY OF HOUSTON Planning and Development Department ... • Density o Figure 28: Land

HOW WE COMPARE Diversity . Education . Employment . Housing . Income . Transportation ____________________________________________

Houston’s Comparison with Major U.S. Cities

April 2009

CITY OF HOUSTON Planning and Development Department

CITY OF HOUSTON Planning and Development Dept. Public Policy Division April 2009

Public Policy Division



Table of Contents

• Population

o Figure 1: Total Population o Figure 2: Population Change o Figure 3: Male and Female Population o Figure 4: Population by Race\Ethnicity o Figure 5: Age 18 Years and Over o Figure 6: Age 65 Years and Over o Figure 7: Native and Foreign born

• Households o Figure 8: Total Households o Figure 9: Family and Non-Family Households o Figure 10: Married Couple Family o Figure 11: Female Householder – No husband Present o Figure 12: Average Household Size o Figure 13: Marital Status

• Education o Figure 14: Educational Attainment o Figure 15: High School Graduates o Figure 16: Graduate and Professional

• Income & Poverty o Figure 17: Median Household Income o Figure 18: Individuals Below Poverty Level o Figure 19: Families Below Poverty Level

• Employment o Figure 20: Not in Labor Force o Figure 21: Employment in Educational, Health & Services o Figure 22: Unemployment Rate for Cities o Figure 23: Unemployment Rate for Metro Areas o Figure 24: Class of Workers



Table of Contents (Contd)

• Economic Well Being

o Figure 25: Average Hotel Rates o Figure 26: Average Meal Costs o Figure 27: Deposits of all FDIC-Insured Institutions

• Density o Figure 28: Land Area in Square Miles o Figure 29: Land Area Change in Square Miles o Figure 30: Population Density

• Housing o Figure 31: Total Housing Units o Figure 32: Occupied and Vacant Housing Units o Figure 33: Owner and Renter Occupied Housing Units o Figure 34: Residential Building Permits o Figure 35: Single and Multi-Family Permits o Figure 36: Median Housing Value o Figure 37: Median Contract rent o Figure 38: Median Sale Price of Single Family Homes

• Public Safety o Figure 39: Police Officers Per 100,000 Population o Figure 40: Number of Crimes Per 100,000 Population

• Transportation o Figure 41: Commuting to Work o Figure 42: Car Pool to Work o Figure 43: Congestion Cost Per Peak Traveler o Figure 44: Person Hours of Delay Per Peak Traveler o Figure 45: Travel Time to Work

***************



Population


Figure 1

8,274,527

3,834,340

2,836,658

2,208,180

1,552,2591,449,634 1,328,984 1,266,731 1,240,499

939,899

-

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000


Tota

l Pop

ulat

ion

New Yor

k

Los A

ngele

s

Chicag

o

HOUSTON

Phoen

ix

Philad

elphia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonTotal Population

• New York remains the most populated city in the United States, far ahead of other cities with a population over eight million.

• Per the 2007 Census estimate, the City of Houston continues to be the fourth largest city in

the U.S.

• San Jose has replaced Detroit, as the tenth largest city.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Population Estimates, 2007


Figure 2

6%

5%

4%

4%

16%

-4%

18%

13%

-2%

4%

3%

-10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

Ten City ComparisonPopulation Change 2000-2007

Population Percentage Change

• Phoenix experienced the highest increase in population, 18% between 2000 and 2007. • Houston had the third highest population increase (13%), behind Phoenix and San Antonio.


• Philadelphia and Chicago witnessed decline in population, 4% and 2%, respectively.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 & 2007


Figure 3

47.2

%52

.3%

50.1

%49

.9%

48.9

%51

.1%

50.5

%49

.5%

51.1

%48

.9%

46.7

%53

.3%

48.7

%51

.3%

50.5

%49

.5%

51.4

%48

.6%

51.3

%48

.7%

49.2

%50

.8%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%


Mal

e an

d Fe

mal

e

New York

Los A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonMale and Female Population

Male Female

• The national average for the male population (49.2%) is slightly lower than the female

population.

• Only Houston, San Jose, Dallas, San Diego, Phoenix and Los Angeles register a slightly higher percentage of male population compared to the U.S. average.

• Highest female population is shown for Philadelphia at 53.3%.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2007


Figure 4

35%

24%

27%

12%

2 %

29%

10%

49%

11%

2 %

31%

35%

28%

5%1%

28%

24%

42%

6%1%

48%

5%

42%

4%1%

39%

43%

10%

6%2 %

29%

6%

61%

2%1%

48%

7%

27%

15%

3 %

31%

23%

42%

3%1%

32%

3%

31%

31%

3 %

66%

12%

15%

5%2 %

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%


Rac

e/Et

hnic

ity

New YorkLos A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTONPhoen

ixPhila

delphia

San A

ntonioSan

Dieg

o

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonPopulation by Race/Ethnicity

Other

Asian

Hispanic

African-American

White

• San Antonio registers the highest Hispanic population (61%), followed by Los Angeles (49%).

• Houston, Dallas and Phoenix show similar proportions of Hispanic population (42%).

• San Jose’s Asian population at 31% is six times higher than the national average (5%).

• Phoenix and San Diego show much a higher white population than the remaining major cities.



Figure 5

75.3%

75.3%

73.4%

76.9%

71.9%

74.9%

70.9%

73.2%

75.3%

74.8%

76.9%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

hiladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

P

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonAge 18 years and Over

Age 18 years and Over

• All major cities reveal percentages closer to the national average (75.3%) except Phoenix.

• San Diego and New York (both at 76.9%) have a slightly higher percentage than the U.S. average.


• Houston’s percentage (73.2%) is slightly lower than the U.S. average.



Figure 6

12.5%

9.5%

8.5%

10.3%

10.3%

13.0%

7.8%

8.7%

10.4%

10.0%

12.2%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonAge 65 years and Over

Age 65 years and Over

• The senior citizen population (65 years and over) in the U.S. is 12.5%. Only New York and Philadelphia are close to this figure.

• Houston, Phoenix, Dallas, San Jose register for less than 10%.


• Phoenix shows the lowest percentage among the major cities.



Figure 7

36.7

%63

.3%

40.0

%60

.0%

21.7

%78

.3%

28.1

%71

.9%

23.7

%76

.3%

10.9

%89

.1%

13.4

%86

.6%

25.9

%74

.1%

26.5

%73

.5%

39.0

%61

.0%

12.5

%87

.5%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%


Nat

ive

and

Fore

ign

Bor

n

New York

Los A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonNative and Foreign Born

Foreign Born Native

• Houston has the fourth highest Foreign Born population at 28.1% compared to all the other major cities.

• The highest of Foreign Born population is in Los Angeles (40%). In contrast only 10% are in

Philadelphia, followed by 13.4% in San Antonio.

• The U.S. average Foreign Born population is 12.5%.




Households


Figure 8

3,022,151

1,274,7911,014,120

738,807

483,915 557,985 438,703 464,555440,633

286,965

-

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000


Tota

l Hou

seho

lds

New York

Los A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonTotal Households

• Houston registered the fourth largest number of households compared to the nation’s ten largest cities, which is reflected in its population ranking.

• New York has the largest number of households, more than double the number of

households in Los Angeles.



Figure 9

66.9% 33.1%

72.0% 28.0%

58.4% 41.6%

58.8% 41.2%

67.0% 33.0%

55.2% 44.8%

63.8% 36.2%

61.9% 38.1%

57.9% 42.1%

61.2% 38.8%

60.4% 39.6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonFamily Households and Non-Family Households

Percentage

Family Households

Non-Family Households


• Only San Jose (72%) exceeds the U.S. average (66.9%).

• Houston ranks fourth among the ten largest cities, with 61.9% traditional family households.

• Philadelphia registered lowest percentage of family households at 55.2%.



Figure 10

2007 Ten City ComparisonMarried Couple Family

Cities

Mar

ried

Cou

ple

Fam

ily

36.1%33.7%

40.3%43.8%

28.4%

45.3%43.2%

37.2%

54.3%

49.8%

39.4%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.


• Houston ranks sixth (40.3%) among the major cities.

• Only San Jose’s percentage is higher than the national average showing, 54.3%

• Philadelphia has the least percentage of Married Couple Families, at 28.4, followed by Chicago at 33.7%.

Note: Married Couple percentage is to the total households Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2007


Figure 11

18.8%

15.0%

18.5%

15.7%

13.7%

21.2%

16.6%

11.1%

15.2%

11.8%12.5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%


Fem

ale

Hou

seho

lder

-No

Hus

band

Pre

sent

New Yor

k

Los A

ngele

s

Chicag

o

HOUSTON

Phoen

ix

Philad

elphia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonFemale Householder - No Husband Present

• San Diego and San Jose show percentages lower than the national average.

• Houston, Dallas and Los Angeles register similar percentages.

• Philadelphia has the highest percentage (21.2%) of female-headed, single parent households.

Note: Female Householder - No Husband Present percentage is to the total households Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2007


Figure 12

2.67

2.89

2.642.71

2.93

2.51

2.812.60 2.65

3.10

2.60

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50


Avg

Hou

seho

ld S

ize

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelphia

San Antonio

San DiegoDallas

San JoseU.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonAverage Household Size

• The average household size for the U.S. is 2.60.

• Only San Jose shows an average household size larger than 3.00 compared to other major U.S. Cities.

• All ten cities show an average household size larger than the U.S. average except

Philadelphia and Chicago.



Figure 13

2007 Ten City ComparisonMarital Status (Population 15 years and Over)

40

50

60

70

Cities

Mar

ital S

tatu

s

6.4% 7.1% 7.4% 8.9% 11.3% 8.1% 10.1% 7.9% 9.8% 7.2% 9.2%

33.7%36.1%41.1%43.2%35.5%

49.3%38.9%39.5%

47.6%45.7%43.7%

52.6%53.4%44.0%45.4%49.2%35.3%45.7%46.3%39.5%42.5%44.4%

0%

10%

20%

30%

%

%

%

%

80%

90%

100%

New York

Los A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Never Married Married Separated Widowed Divorced

• The percentage of ‘Never Married” is higher than the national average (33.7%) for all of the major cities.

• Houston ranks third among married couple families, at 46.3%.


• The U.S. average for married couples is 52.6%. All other cities are lower than the U.S. average except San Jose (53.4%).




Education


Figure 14

2007 Ten City ComparisonEducational Attainment (Persons 25 Years and Over)

17.1%

22.7%

17.8%

24.4%

14.6%

12.2%

15.4%

17.1%

17.7%

19.1%

19.1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

Educational Attainment

< 9th No HS Diploma HS Grad Some College Assoc Degree Bachelor's Grad or Prof


• Persons with no High School Diploma are lower than the U.S. average in San Jose and San Diego.

• Houston, Chicago and Dallas register similar percentages of Bachelor’s Degree holders.

• One fourth of the persons 25 years and older have Bachelor’s Degree in San Diego, followed

by 22.7% in San Jose.



Figure 15

30.0%

20.7%

22.2%

18.2%

27.5%

36.9%

26.1%

24.3%

25.4%

21.7%

27.3%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

hiladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

P

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonHigh School Graduates (Persons 25 years and over)

High School Graduates


• Philadelphia registers much higher percentage (36.9%) of High School graduates.

• The U.S. average of High School graduates is 30%.

• Houston ranks sixth among the major U.S. cities.



Figure 16

9.9%

12.6%

9.5%

15.5%

8.5%

8.8%

8.1%

10.0%

11.7%

9.7%

13.0%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonGraduate and Professional (Persons 25 years and over)

Graduate and Professional


• San Diego shows the highest percentage of Graduates and Professionals, at 15%.

• The U.S. average is close to 10%. Houston, Dallas and Los Angeles experience similar percentages.

• Phoenix shows the lowest, at 8.1%




Income and Poverty


Figure 17

$47,

581

$46,

292

$44,

473

$40,

285 $47,

223

$34,

767 $4

2,21

7

$60,

185

$40,

147

$76,

354

$50,

007

$-

$10,000

$20,000

$30,000

$40,000

$50,000

$60,000

$70,000

$80,000


Med

ian

Hou

seho

ld In

com

e

New Yor

kLo

s Ange

les

Chicag

o

HOUSTON

Phoen

ixPhil

adelp

hiaSan

Anto

nio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City Comparison Median Household Income

• Houston and Dallas experience similar median household incomes.

• San Jose and San Diego show income levels higher than the U.S. average, at $76,354 and $60,185, respectively.

• According to the 2007 American Community Survey, the median household income for the

U.S. is $50,007.



Figure 18

18.9% 19.3%

21.0%21.8%

17.3%

24.5%

18.3%

13.3%

21.7%

10.2%

13.3%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%


Indi

vidu

als

Bel

ow P

over

ty L

evel

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonIndividuals Below Poverty Level

• Philadelphia has the highest poverty rate, at 24.5%, compared to the U.S. average at 13.3%

• Houston’s poverty level is similar to those of Dallas and Chicago.

• San Jose has the lowest poverty rate, at 10.2%.



Figure 19

16.2% 15.8%17.2%

18.1%

13.2%

19.3%

14.7%

9.1%

18.7%

7.4%

9.8%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%


Fam

ilies

Bel

ow P

over

ty L

evel

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San Antonio

San Dieg

oDalla

s

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonFamilies Below Poverty Level

• San Jose has the lowest rate of families below the poverty level, at 7.4%

• Houston ranks third after Philadelphia and Dallas.

• The U.S. average is registered at 9.8%




Employment


Figure 20

2007 Ten City Comparison Not in Labor Force (Population 16 Years and Over)

Ph

Citi

es

Not in labor Force

35.3%

36.1%

38.4%

33.1%

31.8%

33.3%

42.2%

31.5%

32.8%

35.3%

34.8%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

iladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

• Houston ranks seventh (32.8%) among persons 16 years and older who are not in the labor force.

• Philadelphia registers the highest percentage, at 42.2%, followed by New York, at 38.4%.


• The U.S. average is at 35.3%.



Figure 21

21.0%

16.0%

14.2%

19.7%

21.8%

28.1%

15.4%

17.6%

20.2%

18.1%

24.8%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

hiladelphia

San Antonio

San Diego

Dallas

San Jose

U.S.

P

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonEmployment in Educational, Health, Social Services

Percentage


• Employment in Educational, Health and Social Services in Dallas, San Jose and Phoenix are lower than Houston’s percentage (17.6%).

• Philadelphia shows the highest percentage (28.1%), followed by New York (24.8%).



Figure 22

4.2%

4.6%

5.4%

3.4%

4.2%

6.9%

3.6%

5.6%

6.6%

4.8%

4.9%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

iladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Ph

Citi

es

2007 Ten City Comparison Unemployment Rate (Population 16 Years and Over)

Unemployment Rate

• Only Phoenix’s unemployment rate (3.6%) is lower than the U.S. average (4.2%).

• Chicago and Philadelphia have an unemployment rate greater than 6%.


• Houston ranks third among the major U.S. cities.



Figure 23

4.8%8.1%

5.1%10.0%

4.4%6.9%

5.5%8.8%

4.1%6.0%

4.9%8.0%

3.8%6.9%

4.3%6.4%

5.7%9.2%

5.5%10.2%

4.7%8.2%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Met

ropo

litan

Are

as

2008 & 2009 Ten City Comparison Unemployment Rate for Metropolitan Areas

Unemployment Rate

Unemployment Feb 2008 Unemployment Feb 2009

s

• Between Feb 2008 and Feb 2009, the unemployment rate (more or less) doubled in Los Angeles and San Jose.

• The U.S. average increased from 4.8% to 8.1% for the same period.

• Houston and Dallas experienced similar increases, but lower than the U.S. average.

Note: Unemployment Rate for persons 16 years and over


Source: Bureau of Labor Stati tics, 2008 & 2009


Figure 24

2007 Ten City ComparisonClass of Workers

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

Class of Workers

Private Government Self Employed Unpaid Family Workers


• All cities show significant employment in the Private Sector.

• Only San Diego and New York show a slightly lower proportion in the Private Sector.

• Self Employment percentages are higher than the U.S. average is Houston, Los Angeles, San Diego, Dallas and San Jose.

• Slightly higher Government employment rates are shown in San Diego, Philadelphia and

New York.

Note: Data for Workers 16 years and Over Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2007



Economic Well Being


Figure 25

$297

$138

$113$94

$137

$174

$110

$141

$104

$143

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300


Ave

rage

Hot

el R

ates

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2009 Ten City Comparison Average Hotel Rates

• Average Hotel rate per night in New York is significantly higher than other major U.S. cities, at $297.

• Houston’s hotel rate is the lowest at $94, followed by Dallas, at $104.

Sources: Hotelnewsnow.com for New York, Chicago, Houston, San Jose and Phoenix; Latimes.com for Los Angeles; Dallascityhall.com for Dallas; Visitsanantonio.com for San Antonio; Sandiego.org for San Diego; Gophila.com for Philadelphia; Compiled by Planning Department in March 2009.


Figure 26

$39

$31.93$33.75

$27.04

$32.81

$26.57

$35.78$33.36

$35.96

$0

$5

$10

$15

$20

$25

$30

$35

$40

$45

$50


Ave

rage

Mea

l Cos

ts

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Philadelphia

San Antonio

San Diego

Dallas

San JoseCities

2007 Ten City Comparison Average Meal Costs

• Average meal cost in New York ($39) is the highest among other major cities, followed by San Jose (35.96%) and San Diego ($35.78).

• Houston’s cost is the second lowest at $27.04 after San Antonio, at $26.57.

Note: Data for Phoenix is not available. Source:Zagat Ratings, 2007


Figure 27

$20

$70

$22

$43

$45

$24

$79

$118

$75

$418

$0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400 $450

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

hiladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

PCiti

es

2008 Ten City Comparison Deposits of all FDIC-Insured Institutions

Deposits of all FDIC-Insured Institutions (in Billion)

• Among the ten largest cities in the U.S., Houston has the fourth third bank deposits at $79 billion.


• New York has significantly high bank deposits at $418 billion, followed by Chicago at $118 billion.

Source: FDIC, 2008



Density


Figure 28

305

498

234

656

517

135

467

385 372

175

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700


Land

Are

a in

Squ

are

Mile

s

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2008 Ten City ComparisonLand Area in Square Miles

• Compared to the ten largest cities in the U.S., Houston has the largest geographical area (656 square miles), followed by Phoenix (517 square miles).

• The City of Philadelphia has the least land area at 135 square miles, followed by San Jose, at

175 square miles.

Source: Compiled by Planning and Development Dept. 2009


Figure 29

321305

469498

229 234

636656

514517

135 135

512467

385 385

342372

175175

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700


Tota

l Lan

d A

rea

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2004-08 Ten City ComparisonLand Area Change in Square Miles

2004 2008

• Houston gained 3% land area from 636 square miles in 2004 to 656 square miles in 2008.

• Between the same years, the City of San Antonio lost 9% or 45 square miles, the largest decrease in land area compared to the other major cities.



Figure 30

5,374

3,335

3,291

2,846

10,728

3,000

3,384

12,122

7,695

27,130

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelphia

San Antonio

San Diego

Dallas

San Jose

Citi

es

2008 Ten City ComparisonPopulation Density (Persons Per Square Mile)

Population Density


• New York has the highest density (27,130 persons per square mile), followed by Chicago and Philadelphia.

• San Antonio has the lowest density at 2,846 persons per square mile. Houston and Dallas

have comparable densities.

• Houston has the fifth lowest density compared to the major cities, with 3,384 persons per square mile.




Housing


Figure 31

299,218

510,591

501,609

486,568

660,244

543,568

855,839

1,173,754

1,356,808

3,306,212

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 3,500,000 4,000,000

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

iladelphia

San Antonio

San Diego

Dallas

San Jose

PhCiti

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonTotal Housing Units

Housing Units


• Houston has the fourth highest number of housing units among the ten largest cities.

• New York’s figure is similar to a cumulative total of housing units in Los Angeles, Chicago and Houston.



Figure 32

88.4% 11.6%

95.9% 4.1%

86.3% 13.7%

92.6% 7.4%

90.2% 9.8%

84.5% 15.5%

89.0% 11.0%

86.3% 13.7%

86.4% 13.6%

94.0% 6.0%

91.4% 8.6%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

hiladelphia

San Antonio

San Diego

Dallas

San Jose

U.S.

P

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonOccupied and Vacant Housing Units

Occupied and Vacant Housing Units

% Occupied %Vacant

• The U.S. average of occupied units is 88.4%

• Houston, Chicago & Dallas show similar percentages of occupied units.

• Philadelphia shows the highest percentage of vacant units at 15.5%.




Figure 33

67.3% 32.7%

61.6% 38.4%

47.0% 53.0%

50.5% 49.5%

60.6% 39.4%

57.4% 42.6%

60.9% 39.1%

47.2% 52.8%

49.3% 50.7%

39.9% 60.1%

33.9% 66.1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

New York

Los Angeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelphia

San Antonio

San Diego

Dallas

San Jose

U.S.

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonOwner Occupied and Renter Occupied Housing Units

Owner Occupied Renter OccupiedOwner Occupied and Renter Occupied

• None of the major cities shows a higher percentage of occupied units than the U.S. average of 67.3%

• New York has the highest percentage of renter occupied units at 66.1%, followed by Los

Angeles at 60%.


• Houston ranks 4th among renter occupied units, at 52.8%.



Figure 34

9,762

13,461

16,505

12,529

1,972

7,328

3,760

6,497

1,942

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000


Tota

l Bui

ldin

g Pe

rmits

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonResidential Building Permits

• Houston issued the highest number of residential permits (16,505) in 2007 among the major U.S. cities.

• San Jose issued the fewest permits issued (1,942), followed by Philadelphia (1,972).

Note: Data for New York is not reported. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permit Data, 2007


Figure 35

1,551

8,211

870

12,591

6,525

9,980

6,560

5,969

591

1,381

4,253

3,075

748

3,012

2,090

4,407

325

1,617

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000


Sing

le a

nd M

ulti

Fam

ily P

erm

its

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonSingle and Multi Family Permits

Single Family Multi-Family

• Chicago and New York show a significant number of multi-family permits that were issued in 2007.

• Houston and Phoenix have issued a similar number of permits for constructing multi-family

units.

• Only Philadelphia and San Jose have issued fewer single family permits.

Note: Data for New York is not reported. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permit Data, 2007


Figure 36

$492,400

$594,900

$270,700

$119,300

$230,300

$117,500$96,100

$567,100

$128,200

$665,200

$181,800

$-

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000


Med

ian

Hou

sing

Val

ue

New YorkLos A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hiaSan

Antonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City Comparison Median Housing Value

• Houston’s median housing value is third lowest ($119,300) after Philadelphia ($117,500) and San Antonio ($96,100).

• The U.S. median housing value is $181,800. Houston’s median value is much lower than the

nation.

• The three cities with highest median housing values are in the State of California.



Figure 37

$973 $962

$830

$740$778 $765

$696

$1,184

$738

$1,227

$781

$-

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

$1,400


Med

ian

Con

tract

Ren

t

New YorkLos A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hiaSan

Antonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City Comparison Median Contract Rent

• The highest median contract rent is in San Jose and San Diego, showing $1,227 and $1,184, respectively.

• Houston had the third lowest median contract rent at $740.

• The median contract for the nation is $781.



Figure 38

$ 469,700

$ 437,500

$ 593,600

$402,100

$ 246,600

$ 245,600$ 152,500

$151,600

$257,400

$191,300

$ 234,900

$ 231,400$153,200

$152,800

$588,700

$ 385,600

$ 150,900

$ 145,800

$ 836,800

$ 668,000

$ 217,900

$197,100

$-

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000

$800,000

$900,000


Med

ian

Sale

Pric

e

New York

Los A

ngeles

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hiaSan

Anto

nioSan

Dieg

o

Dallas

San Jo

se U.S.

Major Metropolitan Areas

2007 & 2008 Ten City Comparison Median Sale Price of Single Family Homes (Metro Areas)

Median Sale Price 2007 Median Sale Price 2008

• San Diego witnessed the largest decline in the median sale price of single family homes (-34%) from $588,700 in 2007 to $385,600 in 2008, followed by Los Angeles (-32%) and Phoenix (-26%).

• Houston and Philadelphia have experienced the smallest declines in median sale prices for

the same period (-1%).

• In 2008, the lowest median sale price for single family homes was in Dallas at $145,800, followed by Houston at $151,600.

Source: National Association of Realtors, 2007 & 2008



Public Safety


Figure 39

149

155

254

160

463

203

222

482

249

428

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

San Jose

San Diego

Dallas

San Antonio

hiladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

PCiti

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonPolice Officers per 100,000 population

Police Officers per 100,000 population

• In Houston, the number of police officers per 100,000 persons is 222, which is fifth highest in the nation.

• Chicago, New York and Philadelphia have the highest number of officers per capita (more

than 400).


• San Jose has the lowest number at 149 police officers per 100,000 persons.

Note: 2008 data is not available. Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Report, 2007


Figure 40

2,960

4,071

7,674

6,883

5,724

6,506

6,698

3,371

2,416

- 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000


Number of Crimes per 100,000 population

San Jose

San Diego

Dallas

San Antonio

hiladelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Los Angeles

New York

P

Citi

es

2007 Ten City ComparisonNumber of Crimes per 100,000 population

• According to the FBI crime report, the highest number of crimes is registered in Dallas for 2007, at 7,674 crimes per 100,000 persons.

• Houston, Phoenix and San Antonio show more than 6,000 crimes per 100,000 persons.

Note: Data for Chicago is not published. Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Report, 2007



Transportation


Figure 41

2007 Ten City ComparisonCommuting to Work

3.9%

3.4%

3.5%

6.2%

2.7%

2.7%

3.9%

3.1%

3.4%

4.7%

3.8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

U.S.

San Jose

Dallas

San Diego

San Antonio

Philadelphia

Phoenix

HOUSTON

Chicago

Los Angeles

New York

Citi

es

Commuting to Work

Drove Alone Carpooled Public Transp Walked other Means Work Home


• More than 50% commute in public transportation system in New York, followed by 25% in Chicago and Philadelphia.

• In Houston, 73.2% of the commuters drive alone in their vehicles, lower than the U.S. average

(76.1%).

• The percentage of commuters in Houston using public transportation is 5.1%, far less than percentage of commuters in New York, Chicago and Philadelphia. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2007


Figure 42

5.8%

11.3%10.6%

14.3%15.5%

9.9%

11.5%

9.6%

14.7%

11.2% 10.6%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%


Hig

h Sc

hool

Gra

duat

es P

erce

nt

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San Antonio

San Dieg

oDalla

s

San Jo

se U.S.

Cities

2007 Ten City ComparisonCar Pool to Work

• Phoenix shows the highest percentage (15.5%) of commuters taking a car pool to work, followed by Dallas (14.7%) and Houston (14.3%).

• The U.S. average for commuters car pooling to work is 10.6%.

• New York has the lowest percentage of commuters car pooling to work at 5.8%.



Figure 43

2005 Ten City Comparison Congestion Cost Per Peak Traveler

$1,

Cities

Con

gest

ion

Cos

t

$1,3

74

$906 $1

,012

$981

$711

$706

$1,0

46

$1,0

65

$973

$888

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800

000

$1,200

$1,400

$1,600

New Yor

k

Los A

ngeles

Chicag

o

HOUSTON

Phoen

ix

Philad

elphia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

• The City of Los Angeles has the highest Congestion Cost Per Peak Traveler ($1,374).

• Houston ranks fourth among other major cities.


• Sa Antonio’s congestion cost is the lowest, followed by Philadelphia, at $706 and $711, respectively.

Data for 2007 is not available. Note: Congestion Cost Per Traveler means dollar value of travel delay and extra fuel consumed in traffic congestion annually per peak traveler.Source: Texas Transportation Institute, The 2007 Urban Mobility Report


Figure 44

46

72

46

56

48

3839

58 5754

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Pers

on H

ours

of D

elay

Per

Pea

k Tr

avel

ler

New York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hia

San A

ntonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2005 Ten City ComparisonPerson Hours of Delay Per Peak Traveler

• Los Angeles leads the nation’s other cities in terms of Person Hours Delay Per Peak Traveler,

at 72 hours, followed by San Diego at distant second, at 58 hours.

• Houston ranks fourth among other major cities.

• The lowest number of delay hours is registered for Philadelphia.

Data for 2007 is not available. Note: Hours of Delay Per Traveler means the extra time required during peak conditions compared to free flow conditions. The hours of delay per peak traveler – those who begin a trip during the morning or evening peak travel periods (6 to 9 a.m. or 4 to 7 p.m.) Source: Texas Transportation Institute, The 2007 Urban Mobility Report


Figure 45

1.22

1.33

1.19 1.151.09 1.1 1.07

1.12 1.13 1.16

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6


Trav

el T

ime

Inde

xNew York

Los Angele

s

Chicago

HOUSTON

Phoenix

Philadelp

hiaSan

Antonio

San D

iego

Dallas

San Jo

se

Cities

2005 Ten City Comparison Travel Time Index

• Travel Time Index indicated additional time needed to commute due to congestion.

• Los Angeles registers for 30% more time needed to commute, followed by New York at 22%.

• Houston ranks sixth in terms of more time needed to commute due to congestion at 15%.

Data for 2007 is not available. Note: The Travel Time Index (TTI) is the ratio of peak period travel time to free flow travel time. The TTI expresses the average amount of extra time it takes to travel in the peak relative to free-flow travel. A TTI of 1.3, for example, indicates a 20-minute free-flow trip will take 26 minutes during the peak travel time periods, a 6-minute (30 percent) travel time penalty. Source: Texas Transportation Institute, The 2007 Urban Mobility Report



Data Sources

• U.S. Census Bureau: American Community Survey, 2007 • U.S. Census Bureau: Building Permits, 2007 • Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008 & 2009 • Texas Transportation Institute: The 2007 Urban Mobility Report, 2005 • FDIC: Bank Deposits of all FDIC-Insured Institutions, 2008 • National Association of Realtors, 2007 & 2008 • FBI: Police and Crime data, 2007 • Planning Dept Research: Land Area, Hotel, Meals, 2009

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Documents

Houston’s Comparison with Major U.S. Cities€™s Comparison with Major U.S. Cities April 2009 CITY OF HOUSTON Planning and Development Department ... • Density o Figure 28: Land