710 R O Y A L SOCIETY OF MEDICINE, LONDON

rhage into the retina or vitreous and the appearance, within a short time, of papil ledema? T h e suggestion could be dismissed that b lood found its way into the eye by piercing the pial sheath of the nerve and in that w a y passing thru the lamina cribrosa into the eye. A n d it must be remem­bered that retinal hemorrhages in these cases were not necessarih- at, or even near, the disc. The ophthal­moscopic appearances confornied very much with the prevalent ideas as to venous engorgement of the retina, which was seen in its most marked instance in cases of thrombosis of the central vein of the retina, namely, papilledema, enlarged veins and retinal hemorrhages.

A s papilledema occurred so soon, it was obvious that something had oc ­curred within the optic nerve sheath at least soon after the subaraclmoid hemorrhage, and that was assuredly a distention of the sheath of the nerve with b lood. Dupuy-Dutemps , Ho lmes and Paton had shown that when the optic nerve sheath was distended, in cases of raised intracranial pressure with papilledema, the lumen of tjie vein in the subarachnoid space of the nerve was flattened and tluis much narrowed. Deutschmann had ]iroduced the exact apjiearance of ])apilledcma in an animal by the direct injection of agar-agar into tlie optic nerve sheath, thereby causing a prolonged compression of the central vein of the retina in the subarachnoid space. Thus the cause of the trouble seemed to be interference with the venous return from the retina and optic nerve.

Discussion. M R . LESLIE P. \TOX said

that not in all cases of the kind under discussion had papilledema appeared in a few hours. Sometimes it did not occur until several days after the on­set of the condition. In his paper re­cently read at the Glasgow meeting of the Ophthalmological Society he called attention to a third type, in which papilledema did not occur un­til some months after the hemorrhage; it was the encysted form of hemor­rhage, the hematoma acting as a tumor in this respect.

A s to the origin of the subhyaloid

hemorrhages in these cases, he agreed with Mr. Goulden that many of the hemorrhages in the eye, in these pa­tients, were of the type which could be seen in any form of papilledema. But there were extraordinary cases with a huge subhyaloid hemorrhage without any distention of veins at all, and when the hemorrhage had sufiñ-ciently subsided to al low the disc to be seen again, there were no signs of papilledema. That seemed to strongly suggest there must be some direct continuity of hemorrhage from the sheath into the subhyaloid tissues.

Dr. R iddoch and Mr. Goulden very briefly replied.

H. DICKINSON.

H O U S T O N O P H T H A L M O L O G I ­

C A L A N D O T O L A R Y N G O L O G -

I C A L A S S O C I A T I O N .

June 3d, 1924.

DR. W . LAPAT , presiding.

Recurrent Ulcerative Keratitis.

DR. E . L . GOAR presented a man, about

55 years of age, with a stubborn, recur­rent ulcerative keratitis, on the upper inner quarter of the cornea ; the cor­nea from the ulcer to the limbus was thickly vascularized.

Discussion. DR. L . D A I L Y suggested that it might be tubercular, and ad­vised the use of tuberculin. Syphilitic Chorioretinitis.

Dr. R. K. Dai ly presented a woman , 63 years of age, w h o had come c o m ­plaining of poor vision ; her vision in the right eye was fingers at two feet, and left light perception. She could not tell intelligently when her vision began to fail, or h o w long it had been so poor. Her field of vision for white in the light eve was between 20 and 30 degrees, with two reentering an­gles touching the 10 degree line. She had old posterior synechiae. T h e lenses had fine dot like opacities in the an­terior portion, and a heavy golden opacity (with slit lamp) posteriorly. T h e entire fundus showed large de­generated areas with heavy pigmenta­tion. Detailed study is impossible be­cause of the lenticular opacity. Urin­alysis was negative, and Wassermann plus 3. She was given salvarsan and

SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS 711

potassium iod id ; 19 days after the first injection, her vision in the right eye was 20/2C0, and the field for wrhite doubled. Another week later, vision was 20/100. T h e left remained unim­proved. Healed Perforating Wound of the

Cornea. DR. E . M . ARNOLD presented a patient,

about fifty years of age, w h o came a month after he had a perforating wound in the cornea ; at that time the cornea was bulging, and the lens was in the anterior chamber. Dr . A . made a linear incision into the anterior chamber and expressed as much of the lens as he could. N o w there is a large flat leucoma, out and up. H e has light and movement perception.

Discussion. DR. H . HADEN congratu­lated Dr . Arno ld , on the unusual re­sult, because it is ver} ' rare for a cor­nea to flatten d o w n . FoUiculosis.

DR. W . STROZIER presented a child seven years old, with a very marked follicular hypertrophy of the conjunc­tiva of all the eyelids. T h e case was of two years' standing, and there was no corneal involvement. Dr . Strozier thought the diagnosis of trachoma doubtful.

Discussion. DR. ARNOLD thought that this is unquestionably trachoma.

D R . SLATAPER said in these cases he liked to make a smear for eosinophilia for vernal catarrh for dififerential diag­nosis.

DR. L . D A I L Y . It would be interest­ing to make an epithelial Giemsa stained smear and search for the tra­choma bodies . Atrophied Eyeball.

DR. L . PULLIAM exhibited an eyeball, which he enucleated from a girl seven­teen years of age. W h e n five years old she had typhoid fever, and since then her eyeball became small, and she lost sight in that eye. T h e eye­ball was removed as a possible source of irritation to the g o o d eye. It was small, shrunken, hard, the cornea was opaque, and when opened it contained a large lens, calcified to a rock like consistenc}' , and a retina detached thru a cycli t ic membrane.

Psychoneurosis and Ophthalmology. The paper o f the evening was read

by DR. E . B . APPLEEEE , by invitation. R A Y K . D A I L Y , Secretary.

COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF P H I L A D E L P H I A .

SECTION ON O P H T H A L ­MOLOGY.

February 21, 1924. DR. T . B . HOLLOWAY , Chairman.

Congenital Papilloma of Eyelids. D R . M A R Y B U C H A N A N presented the

case of an infant, aged six weeks, with a tumor like a soft mole , protruding from between the lids, attached to the skin at the outer canthus of the right eye. It was about 0.5 c m . in diameter and covered the skin. Except at the canthus, it was free from the lids and attached by a long pedicle extending upward to above the tarsal plate. W h e t h e r it extended into the orbit was a question it was impossible to decide without some surgical procedure.

Discussion. DR. L U T H E R C . PETER suggested that the best method of pro­cedure would be to g ive the child chloroform in order to make as thoro a study as possible of the extent of the cyst. If it is attached to the lid only, it could be removed without diffi­cu l ty ; if it extended well back into the orbit, as in many cysts of this character, the operation might be too formidable to undertake at this early age, and could be safely postponed until the child was about six months of age.

DR. W I L L I A M ZENTMAYER said that he had not seen previously a case in which so much of the dermoid was extraorbital. H e presumed the pedun­culated appearance was due to con­striction by pressure on the lids at the external commissure .

Operative Results in Cicatricial Ectropion.

D R . W I L L I A M Z E N T M A Y E R presented a colored man, aged 30 years, w h o came to the W i l l s Hospital because of a cicatricial ectropion due to a wound which extended from the cheek thru the lid into the floor of the orbit. T h e