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L1. Housing Economics. Course : Housing economic (AE 431) level 5. FALL 2011. LEC 2 : Building Economic. Housing Economics. L2. Why do we need a building ? “Birds & animals”, “Beast master”, “Lost World”, “Survivors” - Common link - We are not them - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Housing Economics
LEC 2 : Building Economic
L1
FALL2011
Course : Housing economic (AE 431) level 5
Why do we need a building ? “Birds &
animals”, “Beast master”, “Lost World”,
“Survivors” - Common link - We are not them
Designing and making buildings : Stakeholders -
“Sky is the limit”, constraints to the choice of
building systems - Codes, regulations, ordinances,
unions, etc.
How to choose a building system ? “Experience”,
“Pleasing to the eyes”, “Economical”, etc.
Performance during and after constructionFALL2011
LEC
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icL2Housing Economics
FALL2011
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2 : B
uild
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icL2Housing Economics
Why do we Need Buildings?
We build because little that we do can take place outdoors. We need shelter from sun, wind, rain, and snow. We need dry, level platforms for our activities. Often we need to stack these platforms to multiply available ground space. On these platforms, and within our shelter, we need air that is warmer or cooler, more or less humid, than outdoors. We need less light by day, and more light by night, than is offered by the natural world. We need services that provide energy, communications and water and disposal of wastes. So we gather materials and assemble them into the constructions we call buildings to satisfy these needs.
FALL2011
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What are the minimum requirements?
· Legal Security of Tenure: this protects people from eviction, harassment,
and other threats. The States must provide and enforce security of tenure
in consultation with affected groups
· Availability of Services, Materials, Facilities, and Infrastructure:
Housing includes facilities essential for health, security, comfort, and
nutrition. For example, there must be safe drinking water, energy for
cooking, heating, lighting, sanitation facilities, refuse disposal, storage and
emergency services
· Affordability: The cost of adequate housing should not compromise the
satisfaction of other basic needs
FALL2011
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icL2Housing Economics
FALL2011
LEC
2 : B
uild
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icL2Housing Economics
Cost = anything that reduces your business objective
Benefit = anything that contributes to it
Two types of costs: investment (capital costs) and operational (on-going)
FALL2011
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icL2Housing Economics
Investments (Costs)Preliminary (meetings, legal, land)
Construction (excavation, structures, buildings)
Equipment (vehicles, lab, etc.)
FALL2011
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2 : B
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icL2Housing Economics
Cost is a resource sacrificed or foregone to achieve a
specific objective, or something given up in exchange.
Profits are revenues minus expenses
Life cycle costing is estimating the cost of a project plus the
maintenance costs of the products it produces
Cash flow analysis is determining the estimated annual
costs and benefits for a project
Benefits and costs can be tangible or intangible, direct or
indirect
FALL2011
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2 : B
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icL2Housing Economics
Cost estimating: Developing an approximation or
estimate of the costs of the resources needed to
complete a project.
Cost budgeting: Allocating the overall cost estimate to
individual work items to establish a baseline for
measuring performance.
Cost control: Controlling changes to the project budget.