PEARL ACADEMY New Delhi-110028!

Japneet Pahwa!IAD section ‘A’

2013-2017!

Mediterranean region !

Black see region !

Turkey!Turkey has a very diverse culture that is a blend of various elements of the Anatolian, ottoman (continuation of both roman and Islamic cultures) and tradition, which started with the ottoman empire and continues today.!!This began with the migration of people from central Asia to the west !

!Turkish culture maintains traditional, religious and historical values!

!dervish people paint their house doors in blue ( myth: keeps evil away)!!Sufi dance is very importance and a very rich inseparable part of the Turkish culture.!

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The uneven north Anatolian terrain running across the black sea resembles a long, narrow belt. It comprises approx. 1/6th of the total land area!orientation of houses:!east west orientation preferable as it minimizes heat gain in summers.!!!

Situated in large Mediterranean geographical location!!Quite temperate, diverse nature of the landscape.!

!Extreme hot summers and cold winters.!Limited rainfall and snowfall.!

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COUNTRY PROFILE!

Use of geometric shapes such as hexagons and octagons are used very often.!!!

REGION SELECTION !Selected Region: Safranbolu!

Mixed construction of timber, stone and adobe. Timber and stone are easily available. The ground floor is masonry built and timber skeleton on upper floors. Stone and adobe are main material for wall in-fill. These houses have pitched roof.!Every house has a hall called sofa. Tiled roof, row of windows, projecting bay windows on the upper floors, courtyards.!

•  One cannot enter the rooms without passing the sofa, thus the room units were connected by the sofa. !

•  Sofa functioned not only as a hall but also as common space: people used this space in multi purposes including eating, chatting, sleeping; they even brought a small washbasin to the sofa for ablution. !

•  People spent most time in sofa. As explained before, three plan types of sofa were observed according to the era. Those include open, corner and central sofa. Among them, central sofa was the most common type.!

Activity1: SUFI DANCE! Activity1: DRESSING!Turkish dance is an inseparable part of the rich heritage Turkish culture.!The origin and roots of Sufism lies in the life and practices of prophet of Islam and the Qur'an.!Turkish dance has created such an interest amongst people that Sufi dance has won immense popularity in several countries around the world.!!!

!The dressing space is located adjacent to the dancing area.! !Requirements: !• storage for clothes!• stool to sit and wear shoes, or bottoms.!• a mirror!!!!

Dressing area! !

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Dancing area! Dome!

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN!

Additive form! Space usage! Axis, sight line! Emphasis, centripetal force!

!!!Storage and stool!!

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Long white skirt, black cloak,

camel hair cap and a belt is

worn.!!

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• The dome built with steel/timber trusses arranged in a radial manner and connected by polygonal rings at various heights. !

• There are horizontal and vertical ribs of steel at a distance of 0’-9” and 1’-0” respectively. The mud bricks are placed in the center of the frame with the help or mortar.!

• Vertical member/ meridional line: Force acting along a meridional line of a dome structure, is always compressive under full vertical loading.!

• Horizontal member/ tension ring: A ring encircling the base of a dome to contain the outward components of the horizontal forces. In a concrete dome, this ring is thickened and reinforced to handle the bending stress caused by the differing elastic deformation of the ring and shell.!  

Traditional masonry tools: chisels, picks and hammers.!- 4, 5, 6 faces-sometimes 2 faces!- Stone laying with or without wedging.!- Stones are laid straight, regular size or not.!- Mortar laying.!

DESIGN BRIEF !6 ft.!

wakes up�gets ready !

reads Qur'an!

goes to his recreation

home!

practices Sufi dance !

goes for work !gets back

home- freshens up !

sits in the Jacuzzi and watches TV!

goes back home, eats and sleeps !

he goes to the first floor which has a dance floor, a dressing room and a bathroom. � He uses his dressing area to � change in to his Sufi dance clothing. !

This takes place in his social area�which he also uses for himself �on weekdays as well so as to relax. !

4:00 am!

5:00 am!

6:00 am!

6:15 am!

8:00 am!

7:00 pm!

7:30 pm!

10:00 pm!

This place has two floors. The ground floor is a social area influenced by a Turkish hammam. The upper floor is a personal space which has a dance floor, dressing area and a bathroom.!

25-28 year old!

WET  AREA!2000BC-­‐600BC ! 18th  -­‐  19th  Century! Year  2000!

Houses made up of rocks were found.!A hole located at the bottom of squat toilet opened to a pipe through which the waste would be exposed outside.!

Toilets were made outside the house.!Hygiene played an important role.!Later, in 19th century, developments in architecture and drainage systems were seen.!!

They also had public squat toilets.!

These places has water for only cleaning, not bathing.!

Types: !• V TYPE !• KEYHOLE!

S-curved piped toilet, which are used till date, seal the smell of human waste, therefore, squat toilets were used to maintain hygiene and to prevent bad smell.!Attempts to combine squat and flush toilets were seen.!

All in all, lavatory, bath and squat toilets were found.!

!Now, the houses were seen inside the house. (Eyvan)!Toilets were aired through pipes or a small whole opened to outside.!Some toilets were made up of wood, while some were marble.!

EVOLUTION  OF  TOILETS!

The supply of water for the complete wet area are from the same pipes, distributed respectively. The waste from the bath, basin and WC exits from the same trap leading to the galli trap outside the house.!There is a vent pipe that is connected to the main drainage pipe, it runs in the opposite direction so that the foul smell rises up.!

There are two different valves for hot and cold

water. !

Plumbing for shower.!Ceiling shower.!

Basin plumbing, there are two different pipes and taps for hot

and cold water.!

Wet area Plumbing!

Furnace, to heat water in large hammams. The hot water pipes come from here. !

Bathrooms or wet areas are stacked one above the other, for easy plumbing and

drainage.!

The  hamams  in  the  O9oman  culture  started  out  as  structural  elements  serving  as  annexes  to  mosques.  A  typical  hamam  consists  of  three  interconnected  basic  rooms  similar  to  its  Roman  ancestors:  the  sıcaklık  (or  hararet  (caldarium)  which  is  the  hot  room,  the  warm  room  (tepidarium)  which  is  the  intermediate  room  and  the  soğukluk  which  is  the  cool  room.  They  were  built  with  emphasis  on  the  interior  rather  than  the  exterior  looks. !

sun light enters the changing room from the bricked dome called the roof lantern (placed on the top of the dome) !

In their homeland in Central Asia, the Turks had steam baths which they called 'manchu'. Bringing their Asian tradition

with them, they merged it with the Roman bath culture they found in Anatolia, and a

new synthesis was born, the 'Turkish bath'. !

SOCIAL  AREA:  Hammam!

SOCIAL  AREA  DESIGN  DERIVATION!

Jacuzzi  form  deriva9on !

Balance, !Symmetry!

Axis!Space usage!

Sight line,!Visual barrier! Circulation!

N!

GROUND  FLOOR!

Clearance!

N!

Circulation! Balance, symmetry! Space usage!

Emphasis!Axis, sight line!

FIRST  FLOOR!

Clearance!

Sun Path!